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ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04
ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก ืืคืจื™ืœ ืคืืจื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 20.04, ืงืึธื“ืขื ืึทืžืขื“ Focal Fossa, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ (LTS) ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu 18.04 LTS ืคืจื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ 2018.

ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ "ืคืึธืงืึทืœ" ืžื™ื˜ืœ "ืฆืขื ื˜ืจืืœ ืคื•ื ื˜" ืึธื“ืขืจ "ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืœ", ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึธืงื•ืก, ื“ืขืจ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก, ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ, ืื•ืŸ "ืคืึธืกืกืึท" ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ "ืคืึธืกืก" ( ืคืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืขืคึฟืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ - ืคืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื ืึทืžื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื• ื ืึธืš ืึทื ื™ืžืึทืœืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ Fossa - ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืขืจื™ืฉ ืžืึทืžืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ื–ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ืึทื’ืึทืกืงืึทืจ.

ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคึผืึทื–ื™ืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ Ubuntu 20.04 ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ 5 ื™ืึธืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผืก ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก.

Ubuntu 20.04 ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu 19.04 "Disco Dingo" ืื•ืŸ Ubuntu 19.10 "Eoan Ermine". ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก, ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื˜ืจืขื ื“ืก, ืึท ื˜ื•ื ืงืœ ื˜ืขืžืข ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก. ืื–ื•ื™, ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04 ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื™ืึทืจื• ื˜ืขืžืข:

  • ืœื™ื›ื˜,
  • ื˜ื•ื ืงืœ,
  • ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ.

ื“ื™ ืึทืžืึทื–ืึธืŸ ืึทืคึผ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ. Ubuntu 20.04 ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœ ืฉืึธืœ GNOME 3.36.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ

Ubuntu 20.04 ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ 5.4 ืงืขืจืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 24 ื ืื•ื•ืขืžื‘ืขืจ 2019. ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื™ื ืึธื•ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ.

lz4

ืงืึทื ืึธื ื™ืงืึทืœ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื– ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื™ื˜ืจืึทืžืคืก ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“, ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืœ-ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ (ืงืœืขื ืขืจืข ื˜ืขืงืข ื’ืจื™ื™ืก) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ืœืึธืกืกืœืขืกืก ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื lz4 ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• Ubuntu 19.10, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืขืก ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– (Ubuntu 18.04 ืื•ืŸ 19.04). ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04.

ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืœืึทืงื“ืึทื•ืŸ ืงืขืจื ืขืœ

ื“ื™ ืœืึทืงื“ืึทื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื– ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื˜ืจืึทืจื™ืฉ ืงืึธื“ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืึธื“ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื–. ืกื™ืžืคึผืœื™ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจื•ืกืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืงืึธื“. ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืขื“ื™ืงืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื“. ืื–ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ.

ืขืงืกืคืึทื˜

ื“ื™ Microsoft FAT ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 4 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜. ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆื•ื ื’, ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธืกืึธืคึฟื˜ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกFAT ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ ืขืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื“ ืคืขื˜ - "ืขืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื“ ืคืขื˜"). ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึท ื•ืกื‘ ืคืึธืจ ืฆื• exFAT ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ exFAT ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.

WireGuard

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ Ubuntu 20.04 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ 5.6 ืงืขืจืŸ, ืœืคึผื—ื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš, ืขืก ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ WireGuard ื‘ืึทืงืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 5.4 ืงืขืจืŸ. WireGuard ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ VPN ืื™ื ื“ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืข, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ WireGuard ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ Ubuntu 20.04 ืึท ืžื™ื™ึทืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื•ื ื’.

ืงืขืจืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื–ืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื˜ CFS ืงื•ื•ืึธื˜ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ื˜ืจืขื“ื™ื“ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ. ื ืฉืึธืคืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื•ืœื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ืคื•ืŸ Ryzen ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–.

ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื™ื ืึธื•ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืจืŸ 5.4. ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ kernelnewbies.org (ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ) ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืคืึธืจื•ื opennet (ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ).

ื ื™ืฆืŸ Kubernetes

Canonical ื”ืื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืคื•ืœ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04 ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก 1.18 ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื›ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก, MicroK8s ะธ kubeadm.

ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ Kubectl ืื•ื™ืฃ Ubuntu 20.04:

# snap install kubectl --classic

kubectl 1.18.0 from Canonical โœ“ installed

ื ื™ืฆืŸ SNAP

ืงืึทื ืึธื ื™ืงืึทืœ ื”ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืขื›ืขืจืŸ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ - ืงื ืึทืงืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ, ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืขืก ืžื™ื˜:

# snap install <package>

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 20.04

ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื“ ZFS ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ Linus Torvalds ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ZFS, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืึท ืคืึธืœืงืก ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Ubuntu 19.10.
ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ืึทืจืงื™ื™ื•ื• ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ("ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ" ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข LVM). ZFS ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืกื™ื–ืขืก ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 256 ืงื•ื•ืึทื“ืจื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื–ืขื˜ื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก (ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื“ื™ "ื–" ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ) ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืขืคึผืŸ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 16 ืขืงืกืึทื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก.

ZFS ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืžื– ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ืกืง. ื“ื™ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข-ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืจื™ื˜ืึทืŸ. ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื‘ืœืึธืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืึทื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืคื•ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืก. ZFS ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืกื ืึทืคึผืฉืึทืฅ (ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืกื ืึทืคึผืฉืึทืฅ) ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืฆื• ืฉืคึผืึธืจืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคึผืœืึทืฅ.

ZFS ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื– ืึท ื˜ืฉืขืงืงืกื•ื ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืขืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืงืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงืฅ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ื– ื“ืึทืžื™ื“ื–ืฉื“, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืขืก. ื“ื™ Ubuntu ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ZFS. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ZFS ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึธื’ ืขืก ืก ืคืึธืก.

ื–ื™ื™ึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 2.ืงืก

ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื  ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ 2008, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• 12 ื™ืึธืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ Python 2 ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ืฆื• ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ ืฆื• ืขืก.
ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ Ubuntu 15.10, ืึทืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ Python 2, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ 20 ืืคืจื™ืœ 2020 ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Python 2 ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื’. ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืก.

Ubuntu 20.04 ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ Python 2 ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื˜ Python 3.8 ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ. ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 2 ืคืจืื™ืขืงื˜ืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• Ubuntu 20.04 ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืงื“ื™ืง.

ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹Python 2 ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ:

# apt install python2.7

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• Python 3.8, ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ื ืื” ืึท ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ:

  • MySQL 8
  • ื’ืœื™ื™ื‘ืง 2.31,
  • OpenJDK 11
  • ืคืคึผ 7.4,
  • ืคึผืขืจืœ 5.30
  • Golang 1.14.

ื–ื™ื™ึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ 32 ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืึธืจ, Ubuntu ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ISO ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ 32-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ 32-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื• ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• Ubuntu 18.04, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• Ubuntu 20.04. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ 32-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื• 18.04, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ื‘ื™ื– ืืคืจื™ืœ 2023.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ

ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• Ubuntu 20.04 ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื’ ืคึผืขืจื– - ื ืึธืจ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื–:

# sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
# sudo do-release-upgrade

ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขืœื“ืŸ ืึทื– Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข. ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ IT ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’!

UPD: ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ Ubuntu 19.10 ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• 20.04, ืื•ืŸ Ubuntu 18.04 ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 20.04.1, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ืœื™ 23, 2020.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’