ื’ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ Wifi ืื•ื™ืฃ ESP32

ื’ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ Wifi ืื•ื™ืฃ ESP32

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืงืขืฉืขื ืข ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ WiFi ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืืจื˜ื™ืงืœ.

ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ.

ืึทืœืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจื“ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–. ืกืœืึธื•ืœื™, 1..4 ืฉืขื” ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืš, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ืึธืจ.
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื ื•ืฆืŸ. ื™ืขื ืข. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื”ืขืงืขืจ ืก ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’.

ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ืึทืœืข ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ืึทืœืข ืžืงื•ืจื™ื, ื’ืึธืจ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ืึธ. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก, ืืื–"ื• ื•. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธืŸ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ื™ื˜ื”ื•ื‘. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื™ืš ื ืืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืš ื”ืืœื˜ ืคืืจ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ.

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’" ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืฉื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ESP32

ืื™ืš ื˜ืขื ื” ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืจืขื›ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’.

ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก (ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก Raspberry Pi) + "ืคึผืขืจื™ืคืขืจืึทืœืก" ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ (STM32) + CC1110 (8051 ื”ืึทืจืฅ) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ืคึผืึทืงืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ (125 ื›ื–, ื ืคืง, 433 ืžื”ื–, ื•ืกื‘, iButton, ื‘ืœื•ืขื˜ืึธืึธื˜ื”,?) ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขื ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืขืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืžืึทื›ื˜ (ืคืœื™ืคึผืคึผืขืจ-ื ื•ืœ ื’ื™ื˜ื”ื•ื‘ "ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข ื”ืื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ื–.") ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’.

ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื. ืื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื“.

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ "ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื’"

ื“ื™ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ (ื“ื™ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ).

ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ:

  • ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ื“ืืจืฃ. ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจืึทื ื˜> 100 ืžืึท ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Wifi, ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ ืœืึทื ื’. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ "ืงืขืกื˜ืœ" ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทื•ืขืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืึทื ืง. ืกื™ื™ึท ื•ื•ื™ ืกื™ื™ึท, ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืึทื ืง ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข / ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ.
  • ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก "ืงืขืกื˜ืœ" ืžื™ื˜ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื™ืŸ, ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคื™ืœืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืงื ืขืคึผืœืขืš, ืขืก ืžืื›ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื•ื“ / ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืœืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื•ืœ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ.
  • ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืœื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ (ืคืึทืจืึทื ืขืŸ SDK, ืคื™ืœืข ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ).

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ - ESP32.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจืึทืžืคึผื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืึทืžืฃ, ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ESP32 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื ื•ื’. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ื–:

  • ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืึทืจื•ื ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ืขื˜ืึธืึธื˜ื”.
  • ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 433mHz ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ (ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึทืžืคึผืœื™ื˜ื•ื“ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทืจืฃ).

ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืืœื‘ืืœืœ ืื™ืŸ ESP32

  • ื“ื™ ESP32 SDK (IDF) ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ืœืขืคึผื™ืฉ.
  • ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ (ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ) ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึธืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจื–ืืžืœื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื–.
  • ื“ื™ 5 ื’ื”ื– ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึทืžืกื™ื ืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ WiFi.

ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– / ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื ืกื™ื™ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฉืึธืจื˜ืงืึธืžื™ื ื’ืก.

ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืขืงื™ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ...

ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ืคึผืœืึธืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ SD

ื›ืœ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื™ื• ื ื•ืžืขืจ. ื“ื™ ESP32 ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ืื™ืŸ WiFi AP ืžืึธื“ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก.

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ ESP32 ืงืึธืจืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืฉื ืขืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกื™ื™ืžืึทืœื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืึทืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืึธื“ืขืก.
ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืืจืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ.

ืžืึธื“ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ืงืึทืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–

ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข. ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ "ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš." ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืฉืขืง.
ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ืขืกืคึผืจืขืกืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ.

AP ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืกืงืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข.
ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก.
ื ื•, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜.
ื‘ื™ืงืึทืŸ ืกืคึผืึทืžืขืจ.
ื“ื™ ESP32 ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึทืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ SSID ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืค - MAC ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ืฉื™ืงื˜ [ื‘ื™ืงืึทืŸ ืจืึทื] ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจ-ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ SSIDs (ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืงืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผ ืจืฉื™ืžื”)

WiFi ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข

Espressif ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข WiFi ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ "ืคืœื™ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื•ืคื˜" ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืึทืœืœื‘ืึทืงืง ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืงืึทื ืึทืœ.

ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืึท ืงืึทืœืœื‘ืึทืง ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ PCAP ื˜ืขืงืข ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื“ ืงืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื ืงืขืจ, ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืจื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืžืึทืคืึธืจืขืก. ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืงื™ื•ืœื™ืขืจืึทื˜ื™ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืœืœื‘ืึทืง ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืกื“ ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ.

ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก "ื˜ื•ืžืœื“ื™ืง ืœื•ืคื˜", ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ (ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ "ืœื•ืคื˜" ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื•ื•ื ื˜ (5..7 ืึทืคึผืคึผืก ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™), ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ PCAP ืื™ื– ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ.

ืึทื“ื™ืฉื ืึทืœื™, ืคึฟืึทืจ PCAP ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ MAC ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ื›ืขื“ืขืจื–.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื•ื‘ / ืงืึทืคืข ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ WiFi ืื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืึทืคึผืคึผืก. (ืื™ืš ืงืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง..)

ื•ื•ื™ื•ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืื™ืŸ Wireshark ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ืงืจื™ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืคึผืก - ืึทืœืฅ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.

ืžืึธื“ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–

ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื•ื›ื™ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ libnet80211.a ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึธืŸ ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ. ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื“ืึทื•ื˜ื™ื“ ืฆื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืœืึทื˜ืข. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื•ื˜ื”ืขื ื˜ื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืจืึทื ืกืงืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง: "ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื’ืขื ืขื." ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืื™ืŸ esp8266 ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืืจืžืื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ื™ื˜ื”ื•ื‘ ืคึฟืึทืจ esp8266.

ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ (ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื•) ืกืึทืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื•ื•ืึธื ื˜ื™ื“ ืึทืคึผืคึผืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ "ื‘ื•ืœื™ื–" ...

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืกืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ...

ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ RSSI ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ "ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืึทืคึผืคึผืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก."

ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข

ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ืื™ื– ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืœืข ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคืึธืจืฉืŸ.

ESP32 ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืกื™ื™ืžืึทืœื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืึทืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ STA + SoftAP ืžืึธื“ืข. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืึท ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉ NAT ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก.

ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ, Espressif ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึท ื’ืึธืคึผืœ (ื›ืžืขื˜ ืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื“) ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืคึผ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ esp-lwip ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ื’ื™ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขื˜ื™ืฃ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– 'ืึทืคึผ' (ืกืึธืคื˜ืึทืคึผ) ืื•ืŸ 'ืกื˜' (STA).

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึธืŸ NAT, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืžื™ื˜ ืกื™ื™ืžืึทืœื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืึทืกืœื™ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ 'ืึทืคึผ' ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ื™ื™ื– IP ืึทื“ืจืขืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 'ืกื˜' ื ืขืฅ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• 'ืึทืคึผ'. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš NAT.

ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึธืคึผืœ esp-lwip ืคึฟื•ืŸ Martin-ger, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ NAT ืคึฟืึทืจ IP4.

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื™ื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืจื™ืžื™ื™ืง ืขืก ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืกืžืขื˜ื™ืง (ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ื’ืึธืคึผืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš LWIPืคืึทืจื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ื™ืœืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹Martin-ger ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื–.

ืื™ืŸ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข, ื™ื ืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ื’ืึธื•ื™ื ื’ IP4 ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื•ื“.

ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืื™ื– ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขืงืจืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข:

  • ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• SoftAP ESP32 (DHCP ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ)
  • URL ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื ืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก (UDP ืคึผืึธืจื˜ 53) ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• SoftAP ESP32.

ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึท ืคึผืงืึทืคึผ ื˜ืขืงืข.

ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืกืขื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ื’ื™ื™ื˜.

ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ softAP ESP32 ื™ื ืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ื’ืึธื•ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืžื“ืจื’ื”: Ehernet ื›ืขื“ืขืจ (destMAC[6]+srcMAC[6]+ื˜ื™ืคึผ[2]) + ืคึผื™ื™ืœืึธืึทื“ (IP4, IP6, DCHP, ืขื˜ืง ื˜ื™ืคึผ).

ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผ, ื“ื™ ESP32 ืงืึธืคึผืขืก ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ WiFi->WiFi ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื–. ืกืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™, ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืŸ ESP32 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜.

ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, ื“ื™ Espressif API ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ MAC ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• SoftAP EPS32. ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ "ื–ื™ื™ึทืขื ื“ื™ืง" (esp_wifi_deauth_sta) ืฆื• ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืกื˜ืึทืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ "ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜".

ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš MAC ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืกื˜ืึทืก ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ esp_wifi_deauth_sta () ืจื•ืคืŸ

ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืงื ื

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืคึผืขืก ื ื™ื™ึท ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ืžื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ESP32, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ (ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื“) ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ืงืจื™ื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ. ืคืืจ "ื”ืืงื™ื ื’" ื•ื›ื•' ืื™ื– ืขืก ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืืงื•ื•ืขื.

ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื“ืจื•ืงื˜ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ื‘ืจืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ 1.5-2 ืฉืขื” ืฆื• ืกืึทื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ืกืงืึทืจื•ื•ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจืึธื˜.

ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืึทืœ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืึธืจื“ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ. ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืžืขื ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืจ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’