ืืืขืจ ืขืก ืื ืืืึธืก ืืึธื ืืขืืืจืคื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืึทื OpenVZ ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ ืฆื ืึท ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืื ืคืื KVM ืืืืจืืืึทืืืืึทืืืึธื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืขืจ ืึทืืึธื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืื, ืืื ืืขืคึผืืึธื ืืขืจื ืขืืืขืืข ืคืจืืืืขืืขื:
- ืจืืึฟ ืคืื ืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืื ืคืฉืื ืึทืืืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืืึทืืืึทืืืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืกืขืก ืืืึธืก ืืึธืื ืืึทื ื ืืืจืืืขืืื ืืขื ืื EOL ืฆืืงื
- ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืง ืฆืืืขืฉืืขืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืกืืขืืขื, ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืืขืฉืึทืก ืืืืืจืืืฉืึทื ืืขื ืขื ืงืืื ืืึธื ืงืึทื ืกืืืขืจื
- ืืื ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืฆื ืืึทื ืืืขื ืืื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืึทื ืืขืืขืจ ืืืฆื ืืื ืืขืืึธืื ืืึธื ื ืืฉื ืืืขืื ืฆื ืึทืจืืขืื ื ืึธื ืืืืืจืืืฉืึทื
ืืืขื ืืืจ ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื 1 ืกืขืจืืืขืจ, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืฉืืขื ืืืง ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืขืคึผืขืก ืืืืฃ ืื ืคืืืขื, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืขื ืืืจ ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืึท ืืึทื ืฅ ืงื ืืื?
ืืื ืืขื ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืฆื ืืึธืื ืืืจ ืืื ืฆื ืจืืืืืง ืืืืืจืืื ืึทื OpenVZ ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ ืฆื KVM ืืื ืืื ืืืึทื ืืึทืื ืืืื ืืื ืึท ืฉื ืขื ืืืืืื ื ืฆื ืึทืืข ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืก.
ื ืงืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืจืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื: ืืืึธืก ืืื OpenVZ ืืื ืืืึธืก ืืื KVM?
ืืืจ ืืืขืื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืขืจืืื ืึธืืึธืืืข, ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืื ืืื ืึทืืืขืืืื ืืขืจืืื ืขื:
OpenVZ - ืืืืจืืืึทืืืืึทืืืึธื ืืืืฃ ืื ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืกืืขื ืืืจืื, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืคืืื ืฆืขืืืืงืืขื ืขืก ืืืืฃ ืึท ืืืืงืจืึทืืืืืื, ืืืืึทื ืขืก ืืื ื ืื ื ืืืืืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืคึผื ืื ืกืืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื ืืื ืืืืจืืืึทืืืืึทืืืึธื ืืขืงื ืึทืืึทืืืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืึทืืขืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืื.
ืงืืื - ืคืื-ืคืืขืืืฉื ืืืืจืืืึทืืืืึทืืืึธื, ื ืืฆื ืึทืืข ืื ืืึทืื ืคืื ืื ืงืคึผื ืืื ืืืืืขืืืืืง ืคืื ืืืืจืืืึทืืืืืื ื ืขืคึผืขืก, ืงืืื ืืืขื, ืงืึทืืื ื ืขืก ืืขื ืืืก ืืื ืงืจืึธืกืกืืืืื.
ืงืขืื ืืขื ืคืึธืืงืก ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืขืจ ืกืืืื ืืึธืกืืื ื ืคึผืจืึทืืืืืืขืจื OpenVZ ืืื ืืืืขืจืคืืจืงืืืคื, ืืืขืจ KVM ืืื ื ืืฉื. ืฆืื ืืืืง ืคืืจ ืื ืืขืฆืืข, ืืื KVM ืืขืฆื ืืืืขืจืคืืจืงืืืคื ืคืื ืงื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืขืจ.
ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขืื ืืืจ ืืืืขืจืืจืึธืื?
ะ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะฟะพะดะพะฟััะฝัั ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะฝะพัะฐ ะฟัะธัะปะพัั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัั ะฒะตัั ะปะตั ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ัะธััะตะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝั ะฝะฐ OpenVZ: CentOS (6 ะธ 7 ะฒะตััะธะธ), Ubuntu (14, 16 ะธ 18 LTS), Debian 7.
ืขืก ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืื ืืขื ืืืขื ืึทื ืจืืึฟ ืคืื ืื OpenVZ ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจื ืืขื ืขื ืฉืืื ืคืืืกื ืืืง ืขืืืขืืข ืกืึธืจื ืคืื ืืึธืืคึผ, ืืื ืขืืืขืืข ืืคืืื ืืึธืื ืขืืืขืืข ืืืืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืืืืืืืืืจื. ืจืืึฟ ืึธืคื, ืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืืื ืื ISPmanager, VestaCP ืงืึธื ืืจืึธื ืืึทืคืืืข (ืืื ืจืืึฟ ืึธืคื ื ืืฉื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืึธืจื). ืืืืขืจ ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืจืืงืืืขืก ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืืขื ืืื ืืฉืืื.
ืืืืจืึทืฆืืข ืืืขืจื ืืืจืืืขืคืืจื ืืื ืคึผืจืขืืขืจืืืึทืฆืืข IP ืึทืืจืขืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจืืึทืืืืื ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ, ืืืขืื ืืืจ ืึธื ื ืขืืขื ืึทื ืื IP ืึทืืจืขืก ืคึฟืื ืขื ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ ืืืขืจื ืืขืืึทืืื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ VM ืืื ืืืขื ืึทืจืืขืื ืึธื ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืขื.
ืืืืืขืจ ืืืจ ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื, ืืึธืื ืืื ืื ืืึทืื ืืืืขืจ ืึทื ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืึทื ื:
- OpenVZ ืกืขืจืืืขืจ, ืคืื ืืืึธืจืฆื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื ืืขืจ ืืึทืืขืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืื, ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ืืึทืืื / ืึธื ืงืืึทืคึผื / ืึธื ืืืื / ืืืกืืขืงื ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจื
- KVM ืกืขืจืืืขืจ, ืคืื ืืืึธืจืฆื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื ืืขืจ ืืึทืืขืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืื, ืืื ืึทืืข ืืืึธืก ืขืก ืืืคึผืืืื. ืขืก ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืขื ืึทื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจื ืืื ืืจืืื ืฆื ืืืื.
ืืื ืก ืึธื ืืืืื ืืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจืื ื
ืืืืืขืจ ืืืจ ืึธื ืืืืื ืื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื, ืืึธืื ืืื ืื ืืขืคืื ืืจื ืืขืจืืื ืขื ืืืึธืก ืืืขื ืืขืืคึฟื ืืืจ ืืืกืืืืื ืฆืขืืืฉืื ื:
KVM_NODE - KVM ืืึทืืขืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืื
VZ_NODE - OpenVZ ืืึทืืขืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืื
CTID - OpenVZ ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ
VM - ืงืืื ืืืืจืืืึทื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ
ืคึผืจืืคึผืขืจืื ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืืืจืืืฉืึทื ืืื ืงืจืืืืืื ื ืืืืจืืืึทื ืืืฉืื ืขื.
ืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืืขื ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ ืขืจืืขืฅ, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืึทืื VM ืืื ืึท ืขื ืืขื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ืฆื KVM_NODE.
ืืืืืืืง! ะกะพะทะดะฐะฒะฐัั VM ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ัะพะน ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ัะตะนัะฐั ะบัััะธััั ะฝะฐ CTID. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝะฐ CTID ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฐ Ubuntu 14, ัะพ ะธ ะฝะฐ VM ะฝัะถะฝะพ ััะฐะฒะธัั Ubuntu 14. ะะธะฝะพัะฝัะต ะฒะตััะธะธ ะฝะต ะฒะฐะถะฝั ะธ ะธั
ะฝะตัะพะฒะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต ะฝะต ััะพะปั ะบัะธัะธัะฝะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพั ะผะฐะถะพัะฝัะต โ ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑััั ะพะดะธะฝะฐะบะพะฒัะผะธ.
ื ืึธื ืงืจืืืืืื ื ืื VM, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืื ืคึผืึทืงืึทืืืฉืึทื ืืืืฃ ืื CTID ืืื ืืืืฃ ืื VM (ื ืื ืฆื ืืืื ืฆืขืืืฉื ืืื ืึทืคึผืืืืืื ื ืื ืึทืก - ืืืจ ืืึธื ื ืื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืขืก, ืืืจ ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืืืืื ืื ืคึผืึทืงืึทืืืฉืึทื ืืื, ืืืื ืขืก ืงืืื, ืื ืึทืก ืืืขืจืกืืข ืืื ืื ืืืืคึผื. ืืืขืจืกืืข).
ืคืึทืจ CentOS ััะพั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะฒัะณะปัะดะธั ะฑะตะทะพะฑะธะดะฝะพ:
# yum clean all
# yum update -yะ ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฑะตะทะพะฑะธะดะฝะพ ะดะปั Ubuntu, Debian:
# apt-get update
# apt-get upgradeืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ืื ืกืืึทืืืจื ืืืืฃ CTID, VZ_NODE ะธ VM ื ืืฆื rsync:
CentOS:
# yum install rsync -yDebian, Ubuntu:
# apt-get install rsync -yืืืจ ืืขื ืขื ื ืืฉื ืื ืกืืึธืืื ื ืขืคึผืขืก ืึทื ืืขืจืฉ ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืจื ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืจื.
ืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ืืืจ ืืึทืื ืึท ืืึทืืื CTID ืืืืฃ VZ_NODE ืืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื
vzctl stop CTIDืืึทืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืื CTID:
vzctl mount CTIDืืืื ืฆื ืื /vz/root/ ืืขืงืขCTID ืืื ืืืกืคืืจื
mount --bind /dev dev && mount --bind /sys sys && mount --bind /proc proc && chroot .ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืจ ืืืึธืจืฆื, ืฉืึทืคึฟื ืึท ืืขืงืข /root/exclude.txt - ืขืก ืืืขื ืึทื ืืืึทืืื ืึท ืจืฉืืื ืคืื ืืืืกื ืขืืขื ืืืึธืก ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืงืืืขื ืฆื ืื ื ืืึทืข ืกืขืจืืืขืจ
/boot
/proc
/sys
/tmp
/dev
/var/lock
/etc/fstab
/etc/mtab
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/conf.d/net
/etc/network/interfaces
/etc/networks
/etc/sysconfig/network*
/etc/sysconfig/hwconf
/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables-config
/etc/sysconfig/kernel
/etc/hostname
/etc/HOSTNAME
/etc/hosts
/etc/modprobe*
/etc/modules
/net
/lib/modules
/etc/rc.conf
/usr/share/nova-agent*
/usr/sbin/nova-agent*
/etc/init.d/nova-agent*
/etc/ips
/etc/ipaddrpool
/etc/ips.dnsmaster
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens3ืืืจ ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื KVM_NODE ืืื ืงืึทืืขืจ ืืื ืืืขืจ VMืึทืืื ืึทื ืขืก ืึทืจืืขื ืืื ืืื ืฆืืืจืืืืขื ืืืืขืจ ืื ื ืขืฅ.
ืืืฆื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืจืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื. ืืื!
ืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ื ืึธื ืืื ืืขืจ ืื ืจืขืืข, ืืืจ ืืืจืืคืืจื
rsync --exclude-from="/root/exclude.txt" --numeric-ids -avpogtStlHz --progress -e "ssh -T -o Compression=no -x" / root@KVM_NODE:/ืื rsync ืืึทืคึฟืขื ืืืขื ืืืจืืคืืจื ืื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื, ืืืจ ืืึธืคื ืึทื ืื ืฉืืืกืืขื ืืขื ืขื ืงืืึธืจ - ืื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืืื ืืืจืืืขืงืึธืื ืืื ืื ืคึผืจืขืืขืจืืืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ืกืืืืื ืงืก, ืึทืงืกืขืก ืจืขืื, ืึธืื ืขืจื ืืื ืืจืืคึผืขืก, ืืื ืขื ืงืจืืคึผืฉืึทื ืืื ืคืึทืจืงืจืืคึผืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืืจืขืกืขืจืข ืืืืงืืึทื (ืืืจ ืงืขื ื ืืฆื ืขืืืขืืข ืคืึทืกืืขืจ ืกืืคืขืจ, ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึทืืื ืืืืืืืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืขื ืึทืจืืขื), ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืงืึทืืคึผืจืขืฉืึทื ืืื ืคืึทืจืงืจืืคึผืื.
ื ืึธื ืงืึทืืคึผืืืืื ื rsync, ืึทืจืืืกืืึทื ื ืคืื chroot (ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืขื ืงืืจื + ื) ืืื ืืืกืคืืจื
umount dev && umount proc && umount sys && cd .. && vzctl umount CTIDืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ืืึธืืืจ ืืืจืืคืืจื ืขืืืขืืข ืกืืขืคึผืก ืืืึธืก ืืืขื ืืขืืคึฟื ืืื ืื ืงืึทืืขืจ ืื VM ื ืึธื ืืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจืื ื ืคึฟืื OpenVZ.
ืืืืฃ ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก ืืื Systemd ืืึธืื ืืื ืื ืืืกืคืืจื ืึท ืืึทืคึฟืขื ืืืึธืก ืืืขื ืืขืืคึฟื ืืื ืื ืงืืึธืฅ ืืื ืฆื ืึท ืจืขืืืืขืจ ืงืึทื ืกืึธืื, ืืืฉื, ืืืจื ืึท VNC ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืืขืื
mv /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty2.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty1.serviceืืืืฃ ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก CentOS 6 ะธ CentOS 7 ืืืื ืืืืขืจ ืฆื ืื ืกืืึทืืืจื ืึท ืคืจืืฉ ืงืขืจื:
yum install kernel-$(uname -r)ืืขืจ ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืึธืืืื ืคึฟืื ืืื, ืึธืืขืจ ื ืึธื ืื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืขืก ืงืขื ืืึทืืื ืืจืืขืื ืึธืืขืจ ืืืขืจื ืืืืกืืขืืขืงื.
ืืืืฃ ืกืขืจืืืขืจ CentOS 7 ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืฆืืืืืื ืึท ืงืืืื ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ PolkitD, ืึทื ืืขืจืฉ ืืขืจ ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืืขื ืงืจืึทื ืืืืฃ ืืืืืืง:
getent group polkitd >/dev/null && echo -e "e[1;32mpolkitd group already existse[0m" || { groupadd -r polkitd && echo -e "e[1;33mAdded missing polkitd groupe[0m" || echo -e "e[1;31mAdding polkitd group FAILEDe[0m"; }
getent passwd polkitd >/dev/null
&& echo -e "e[1;32mpolkitd user already existse[0m" || { useradd -r -g polkitd -d / -s /sbin/nologin -c "User for polkitd" polkitd && echo -e "e[1;33mAdded missing polkitd usere[0m" || echo -e "e[1;31mAdding polkitd user FAILEDe[0m"; }
rpm -Va polkit* && echo -e "e[1;32mpolkit* rpm verification passede[0m" || { echo -e "e[1;33mResetting polkit* rpm user/group ownership & permse[0m"; rpm --setugids polkit polkit-pkla-compat; rpm --setperms polkit polkit-pkla-compat; }ืืืืฃ ืึทืืข ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก, ืืืื mod_fcgid ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืคึผืึทืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืกืืึทืืืจื, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืืจืืคืืจื ืึท ืงืืืื ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืืื ืจืขืื, ืึทื ืืขืจืฉ ืืืืืืขื ื ืืฆื mod_fcgid ืืืขื ืงืจืึทื ืืื ืืขืืช 500:
chmod +s `which suexec` && apachectl restartะ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต, ะฟัะธะณะพะดะธััั ะดะปั Ubuntu, Debian ะดะธัััะธะฑััะธะฒะพะฒ. ะญัะฐ ะะก ะผะพะถะตั ัะฟะฐััั ะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะน ะฑัั ั ะพัะธะฑะบะพะน
ืืืคึผืื ื ืฆื ืฉื ืขื. ืืขืจืื ืืืจืืคืืจืื ื ืึท ืืืกื
ืคึผืจืืงืจืข, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืืื ืคืึทืจืคืขืกืืืงื, ืืืคึผืขื ืืื ื ืืืืฃ ืื ืึทืก ืืืขืจืกืืข.
ืืืืฃ Debian 9 ืื ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืงืืงื ืืื ืืึธืก:
ืืืจ ืคืืจื ืืืืก
dbus-uuidgenืืืื ืืืจ ืืึทืงืืืขื ืึท ืืขืืช
/usr/local/lib/libdbus-1.so.3: ืืืขืจืกืืข `LIBDBUS_PRIVATE_1.10.8โฒ ื ืื ืืขืคึฟืื ืขื
ืงืึธื ืืจืึธืืืจื ืื ืืืึทืืืึทื ืคืื LIBDBUS
ls -la /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu | grep dbus
libdbus-1.so.3 -> libdbus-1.so.3.14.15
libdbus-1.so.3.14.15 <-- ะฝัะถะตะฝ ััะพั
libdbus-1.so.3.14.16ืืืื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืื ืกืืจ, ืืืจ ืืึธื ืืึธืก
cd /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
rm -rf libdbus-1.so.3
ln -s libdbus-1.so.3.14.15 libdbus-1.so.3ืืืื ืขืก ืงืขื ื ืืฉื ืืขืืคื, ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืื ืจืืข ืึธืคึผืฆืืข.
ืื ืจืืข ืืืืืื ื ืฆื ืืขื ืคึผืจืึธืืืขื ืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืจืืคืืจืื ื ืึท ืืืกื ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั Ubuntu ะธ Debian ะดะธัััะธะฑััะธะฒะพะฒ.
ืืืจ ืคืืจื ืืืืก
bash -x /var/lib/dpkg/info/dbus.postinst configureืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ Ubuntu 14, Debian 7 ืืื ืืขืจืฆื, ืืืจ ืืืจืืคืืจื:
adduser --system --home /nonexistent --no-create-home --disabled-password --group messagebus
rm -rf /etc/init.d/modules_dep.sh ะงัะพ ะผั ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ? ะะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะธ messagebus, ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะปะพ ะดะปั ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐ Debian/Ubuntu ะธ ัะดะฐะปะธะปะธ modules_dep, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธัะตะป ะพั OpenVZ ะธ ะผะตัะฐะป ะทะฐะณััะทะบะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะผะพะดัะปะตะน ัะดัะฐ.
ืฉืจืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
ืืืจ ืจืขืืึธืึธื ืื VM, ืืฉืขืง ืืื VNC ืืื ืื ืืึธืืืื ื ืืื ืคึผืจืึทืืจืขืกืื ื ืืื, ืืืืืื, ืึทืืฅ ืืืขื ืืึธืื ืึธื ืคืจืืืืขืืขื. ืืึธืืฉ ืขืก ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืึทื ืขืืืขืืข ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืก ืืืขื ืืขืจืฉืืึทื ืขื ื ืึธื ืื ืืืืืจืืืฉืึทื, ืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืืืึทืืขืจ ืคืื ืืขื ืคืึทืจื ืขื ืคืื ืืขื ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืงืขืจืขืงืืึทื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืขื.
ืืื ืืึธืคึฟื ืึทื ืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืื ื ืืฆืืง! ๐
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com
