ืคึผืจืึธื”ืึธืกื˜ืขืจ > ื‘ืœืึธื’ > ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข > ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื’ืจืขืฉืึทืŸ: ื“ืขื LR ืื™ื– ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ.
ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ืึธ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœ / ืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ
ืžื™ื˜ RAID ืื•ืŸ LVM ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทืœื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜.

ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ LR:

  • ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื‘ืึธืงืก
  • ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืœื“, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ 9. ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ
  • ืึทื•ื•ืึทื™ืœืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–
  • ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ssh ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ VM (ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ)

ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ึทื˜

ื“ืขื ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืกืึทื˜ืึทืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื˜ - ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื•
ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืขื•ืช - ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื•ืžืขืจ.
ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคืึทืจ, ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ.
ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืขืจืคืึทืœื™, ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“
ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื™ืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.

ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–: ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข, ื“ื™ืกืง ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.
ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ sda ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื’ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืง, ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ sda. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืง, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท
ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ sdb, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ sda

ื“ื™ ืœืึทื‘ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจื•ืกืขืจ (ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ) ื•ื•ื™ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ
ืขืœืขื•ื•ืึทื˜ืขื“ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืกืงืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ื“ื•ืจืš ืกื•ื“ืึธ

ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก

  • ืึธื ืคืึทืœ
  • LVM
  • ื“ื™ืกืง ื ืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืึทืก
  • ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
  • ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืื™ื– ืขืก ืกื˜ืึธืจื“?
  • ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื•ื‘

ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜

1) ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข

  • lsblk -ืึธ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ, ื’ืจื™ื™ืก, FSTYPE, ื˜ื™ืคึผ, ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืคึผืึธื™ื ื˜
  • fdisk -l
    2) ื•ื•ื™ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ LVM
  • pvs
  • pvextend
  • pvccreate
  • pvresize
  • ืืื–"ื• ื•
  • vgreduce
  • lvs
  • lvextend
    3) ื•ื•ื™ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ RAID
  • cat /proc/mdstat
  • ืžื“ื“ื
    4) ื‘ืืจื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜
  • ืึทืจื•ืคื’ื™ื™ืŸ
  • ืื•ืžืึธื•ื ื˜
  • cat /etc/fstab
  • cat /etc/mtab
    5) ื“ื™ืกืง ืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
  • fdisk /dev/XXX
    6) ืงืึทืคึผื™ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–
  • ื“ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘=/ื“ืขื•ื•/ืงืกืงืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ=/ื“ืขื•ื•/ื™ื™ื™ื™
    7) ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ
  • partx
  • sfdisk
  • mkfs.ext4
    8) ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ
  • grub-install /dev/XXX
  • ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ-ื’ืจื•ื‘
    9) ืžื™ืกืง
  • ืœืกืึธืฃ
  • ืคื™ื™ื™ืง
  • rsync

ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 3 ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ:

  • ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื ื™ืฆืŸ lvm, raid
  • ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืขืจื–
  • ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ, ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.

ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ 1 (ืึทืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ LVM, RAID)

1) ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ, ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืก ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืงืขืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืก:

  • ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ
  • 1 ืงืคึผื•
  • 2 ื”ื“ื“ืก (ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ssd1, ssd2 ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืกื™ื–ืขืก, ื˜ืฉืขืง ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืก ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ssd ื‘ืึธืงืกืขืก)
  • SATA ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ 4 ืคึผืึธืจืฅ

ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

2) ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข:

  • ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ: ืžืึทื ื•ืึทืœ, ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ืœื“:
    ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

  • ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ: ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก

    • ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 512 ื
    • ื‘ืืจื’ ืคื•ื ื˜: /boot
    • ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื“ื™ืกืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ืงืœืึทืคึผืŸ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื’ ืคื•ื ื˜: ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข (ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ื–ืฉืึทืžื‘, ืฆื• ืคื•ื™ืœ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืึธ ืขืก):
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

  • RAID ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ:

    • ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ RAID
    • ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ "ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’"
    • ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื“ื™ืกืง, ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก
    • ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ "Configure software RAID"
    • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ MD ืžื™ื˜ืœ
    • ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ RAID ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื˜ื™ืคึผ: ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืจืขืจื“ ืžืขื ื’ืข
    • ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ RAID XXXX ืžืขื ื’ืข: ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–
    • ืกืคึผืขืจ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก: ืœืึธื–ืŸ 0 ื•ื•ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜
    • ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ RAID XX ืžืขื ื’ืข: ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ
    • ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ
    • ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

  • ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ LVM: ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืžืึทื ืึทื’ืขืจ

    • ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ LVM: ื™ืึธ
    • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข
    • ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ื ืึธืžืขืŸ: ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื
    • ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข: ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ RAID
    • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ: ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 25 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ื’ืจื™ื™ืก
    • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ: var
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 25 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ื’ืจื™ื™ืก
    • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ: ืงืœืึธืฅ
    • ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 15 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ื’ืจื™ื™ืก
    • ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืึทื™ืœืก, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก
    • ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ LVM, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

  • ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’: ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ LVM ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’ ื–ื™ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

    • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™: ืขืงืกื˜4
    • ื‘ืึทืจื’ ืคื•ื ื˜: /
    • ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืจืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื–ืึธืœ ืงื•ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก
    • ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึทืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึธืฅ, ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ (/var ืื•ืŸ /var/log ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ), ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜:
      ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก
    • ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื˜ื™ืึธืŸ
    • ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึฟืจืื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“. ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืคืจืื’ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขื’ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•.

  • ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืงื•ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:
    ืœืึทื‘: ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ lvm, ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก
    3) ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืก ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ื’ืจื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืกื“ืึท) ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.
    4) ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ sda ืคืึธืจ (ssd1) ืฆื• ื“ื™ sdb ืคืึธืจ (ssd2)

    dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1

    5) ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื’ืจื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ืžื™ื˜ืœ:

  • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื: 

    fdisk -l
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

  • ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ืขืก ืื™ื–

  • ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจ ื•ื•ื• ื’ืจื•ื‘ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’:
    grub-install /dev/sdb

  • ืงื•ืง ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืฅ /proc/mdstat ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ.

  • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื–: pvs, vgs, lvs, mount ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ

ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.

ื ืึธืš ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ
ื•ื•ืึทื’ืจืึทื ื˜ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ: https://t.me/bykvaadm/191

ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜: ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ssd1, ssd2

ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ 2 (ืขืžื•ืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืก)

1) ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืก ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ

  • ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง ssd1 ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก
  • ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ssd1.vmdk
    2) ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง
    3) ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง
    4) ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RAID ืžืขื ื’ืข: cat /proc/mdstat
    5) ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ VM ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืขืก ssd3
    6) ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–:
  • ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืง ืื™ื– ืื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื ื™ืฆืŸ fdisk -l
  • ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข: sfdisk -d /dev/XXXX | sfdisk /dev/YYY
  • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ื ื™ืฆืŸ fdisk -l
  • ืœื™ื™ื’ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข: mdadm โ€”manage /dev/md0 โ€”add /dev/YYY
  • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜: cat /proc/mdstat. ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“
    7) ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ื™ื™ื– ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RAID.
    ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ dd ื ื•ืฆืŸ, ืงืึทืคึผื™ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ "ืœืขื‘ืŸ" ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ.

    dd if=/dev/XXX of=/dev/YYY

    8) ื ืึธืš ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ, ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื’ืจื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึท ืคืึธืจ
    9) ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ื“ื™ VM ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
    ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.
    ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜: ื“ื™ืกืง ssd1 ืื™ื– ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ, ื“ื™ืกืง ssd2 ืื™ื– ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜, ื“ื™ืกืง ssd3 ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ.

    ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ 3 (ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทืš ืึท ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’)

    ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืžืึทื ืึทืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜.
    ืงื•ืง ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืขืจืคืึทืœื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.
    ืขืก ืื™ื– ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืขืก.
    ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืคืจื™ื™ึท ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื ื•ืž 2; ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื ื•ืž 1, ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ืกืง ื ืขืžืขืŸ.
    ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ.

    ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืœื™ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื–
    ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ OS ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ VM ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ
    ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืคึผืขืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื–, ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื•ื™ื‘
    ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืขืก ืคืึทืœืฉ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ / boot ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืง.
    ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ-ื˜ืฉืขืง ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืขืกืขืจ
    ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืขืกืคึผืึธื ื“ืขื ืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืก, ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช" ื“ื™ืกืง ื ื•ืžืขืจ. ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึธืจ ื‘ื•ื™ื
    ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื“ืจืึธื– lsblk, ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ืึธืคื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ.

    ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”...

    ื™ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 2 SSD ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืœื•ืฆืœื™ื ื’ ...

    1) ืกื™ืžื•ืœื™ืจืŸ ssd2 ื“ื™ืกืง ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ VM ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜ื™ื ื’
    2) ืงื•ืง ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ RAID:

    cat /proc/mdstat
fdisk -l
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

    3) ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืึทื–ืœื“ื™ืง - ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืกืกืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืกืงืก:

    2 ื’ืจื•ื™ืก-ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜ SATA ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื’-ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืึธื’ืก ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืง

    2 ืกืกื“ืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’.

    ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืึธืจื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 4 ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜,
    ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ.

    ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ HDD ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜ 2 ืžืืœ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ SSD.
    ื“ื™ SSD ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืื™ื– 1,25 ืžืืœ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข SSD.

    4) ืœื™ื™ื’ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ssd ื“ื™ืกืง, ืจื•ืคืŸ ืขืก ssd4, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทื“ื™ื ื’, ื˜ืฉืขืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืŸ:

    fdisk -l
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

    5) ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืขื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง.
    ื“ืึธืก ืžืึธืœ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ LVM:

    • ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข: 
      sfdisk -d /dev/XXX | sfdisk /dev/YYY

      ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ x, y ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ื˜ื•ื˜.

      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ lsblk -o NAME, SIZE, FSTYPE, TYPE, MOUNTPOINT ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืจื•ืคืŸ.
      ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ?
      ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ dd ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืฆื• ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืง

      dd if=/dev/XXX of=/dev/YYY

      ืื•ื™ื‘ / boot ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง:

      mount | grep boot # ัะผะพั‚ั€ะธะผ ะบัƒะดะฐ ัะผะพะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝ ะดะธัะบ
lsblk # ัะผะพั‚ั€ะธะผ ะบะฐะบะธะต ะดะธัะบะธ ะตัั‚ัŒ ะฒ ัะธัั‚ะตะผะต ะธ ัะผะพั‚ั€ะธะผ ะตัั‚ัŒ ะปะธ ะดะธัะบ, ะฟะพะปัƒั‡ะตะฝะฝั‹ะน ะธะท ะฟั€ะตะดั‹ะดัƒั‰ะตะณะพ ะฟัƒะฝะบั‚ะฐ
umount /boot # ะพั‚ะผะพะฝั‚ะธั€ัƒะตะผ /boot
mount -a # ะฒั‹ะฟะพะปะฝะธะผ ะผะพะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒัะตั… ั‚ะพั‡ะตะบ ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ /etc/fstab. 
# ะŸะพัะบะพะปัŒะบัƒ ั‚ะฐะผ ัƒะบะฐะทะฐะฝะฐ ั‚ะพั‡ะบะฐ ะผะพะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะธั /dev/sda, ั‚ะพ ะฑัƒะดะตั‚ ะฒั‹ะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะพ ะบะพั€ั€ะตะบั‚ะฝะพะต ะฟะตั€ะตะผะพะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะถะธะฒะพะน ะดะธัะบ

      ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ssd ืคืึธืจ

      grub-install /dev/YYY

      ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข?

      ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ssd ื“ื™ืกืง:

      mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md63 --level=1 --raid-devices=1 /dev/YYY

      ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ.
      ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ.

      ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ cat /proc/mdstat ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข. ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ?
      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ lsblk -o NAME, SIZE, FSTYPE, TYPE, MOUNTPOINT ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืจื•ืคืŸ.
      ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ?
      6) ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ LVM
      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ pvs ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ืžื–
      ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ RAID ืžืขื ื’ืข:

      pvcreate /dev/md63

      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ lsblk -o NAME, SIZE, FSTYPE, TYPE, MOUNTPOINT ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืจื•ืคืŸ.
      ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ?
      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ pvs ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ. ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ?
      ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ื’ืจื•ืคืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ:

      vgextend system /dev/md63

      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ.

      vgdisplay system -v
pvs
vgs
lvs -a -o+devices

      ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ืกืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ LV var, log, root ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืœื™ื’ืŸ?

      ืžืึทืš ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืคืึธืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ.

      pvmove -i 10 -n /dev/system/root /dev/md0 /dev/md63

      ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ืžื–

      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ.

      vgdisplay system -v
pvs
vgs
lvs -a -o+devices
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

      ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ VG ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื•ืŸ ืขืก. ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ.

      vgreduce system /dev/md0

      ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ.

      lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT
pvs
vgs

      ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืžืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ, ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ / ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ssd ื“ื™ืกืง (ssd4) ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ lsblk. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื“ื™ ssd3 ื“ื™ืกืง ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜
      ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“. ืงืขืจืคืึทืœื™ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง! ls /boot ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ
      ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืœื“ืขืจืก. ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืขืงืข ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก.
      7) ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขืžืขืŸ ssd3 ื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ssd5, hdd1, hdd2 ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ:
      ssd4 - ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ssd
      ssd5 - ืจื’ืข ื ื™ื™ึท ssd
      hdd1 - ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ื”ื“ื“
      hdd2 - ืจื’ืข ื ื™ื™ึท ื”ื“ื“

      8) ืงื•ืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืก:

      fdisk -l
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

      9) ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื•ืžืงืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข:

      • ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ืกืงืก: 
        sfdisk -d /dev/XXX | sfdisk /dev/YYY
      • ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื“ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง, ืขืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื’ืจื™ื™ืก
        ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืคืึธืจ ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜.
        ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ.
        ื–ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ:

        lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

        10) ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ssd4 ืฆื• ssd5 

        dd if=/dev/XXX of=/dev/YYY

        11) ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื’ืจื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคืึธืจ (ssd5)
        12) ืจืขืกื™ื–ืข ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ssd5 ื“ื™ืกืง

        ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื ื•ืฆืŸ:

        fdisk /dev/XXX

        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ืึท ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ (ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ 2)
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ n ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึผ ืฆื• ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืื™ื– "ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง"
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ 2 ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื ื•ืžืขืจ
        ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืงื˜ืึธืจ: ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืกืขืงื˜ืึธืจ: ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ l ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ t ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ (2) ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืฉืจื™ื˜.
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ w ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง.
        12) ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

        partx -u /dev/XXX
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

        ืœื™ื™ื’ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืง ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข (ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ืกืงืก)

        mdadm --manage /dev/md63 --add /dev/sda2

        ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืžืขื ื’ืข ืฆื• 2:

        mdadm --grow /dev/md63 --raid-devices=2

        ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜: ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ 2 ืขืจื™ื™ื– ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื’ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืกื™ื–ืขืก

        lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

        13) ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ssd4 ื“ื™ืกืง

        ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื ื•ืฆืŸ:

        fdisk /dev/XXX

        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ืึท ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ (ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ 2)
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ n ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึผ ืฆื• ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืื™ื– "ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง"
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ 2 ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื ื•ืžืขืจ
        ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืงื˜ืึธืจ: ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืกืขืงื˜ืึธืจ: ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’
        ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืงืึทืคึผ, ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ื’ืœื™ื“ืขืจืฉืึทืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื’ืข.
        ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ w ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง.
        12) ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

        partx -u /dev/XXX
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT

        ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืฆื˜ sda2, sdc2 ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื™ื™ืก> ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

        13) ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืข ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื“

        mdadm --grow /dev/md63 --size=max
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT # check result

        ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ืœืกื‘ืœืง ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ
        14) ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืกื™ื–ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ vg root,var,log ื–ื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ

        • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ PV ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 
          pvs
        • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ PV: 
          pvresize /dev/md63
        • ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ PV ื’ืจื™ื™ืก: 
          pvs

          15) ืœื™ื™ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™-ื‘ืืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืึธืจื˜ VG var,root 

          lvs # ะฟะพัะผะพั‚ั€ะธะผ ัะบะพะปัŒะบะพ ัะตะนั‡ะฐั ั€ะฐะทะผะตั‡ะตะฝะพ
lvextend -l +50%FREE /dev/system/root
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/system/var
lvs # ะฟั€ะพะฒะตั€ัŒั‚ะต ั‡ั‚ะพ ะฟะพะปัƒั‡ะธะปะพััŒ

          ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื•ื ื˜, ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืžืขื ื’ืข ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืงืก. ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ssd1, ssd2 ืื™ื– ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜

          16) ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ /var/log ืฆื• ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื™ืกืงืก, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžืขื ื’ืข ืื•ืŸ lvm ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื“ื“ ื“ื™ืกืงืก.

          • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข HDD ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ 
            fdisk -l
          • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข 
            mdadm --create /dev/md127 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
          • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผื•ื• ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ืกืงืก 
            pvcreate data /dev/md127
          • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื PV ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ 
            vgcreate data /dev/md127
          • ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคืจื™ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืขืก val_log 
            lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n var_log data # lvs # ะฟะพัะผะพั‚ั€ะธะผ ั€ะตะทัƒะปัŒั‚ะฐั‚
          • ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ext4 
            mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/data-var_log
          • ืœืืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ 
            lsblk

            17) ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืงืœืึธืฅ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข

            ื˜ืขืžืคึผืขืจืขืจืึทืœื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืงืœืึธืฅ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ

            mount /dev/mapper/data-var_log /mnt

            ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–

            apt install rsync
rsync -avzr /var/log/ /mnt/

            ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ /var/log

            apt install lsof
lsof | grep '/var/log'

            ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื–

            systemctl stop rsyslog.service syslog.socket

            ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืœืขืฆื˜ ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– (ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ)

            rsync -avzr /var/log/ /mnt/

            ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื–

            umount /mnt
umount /var/log
mount /dev/mapper/data-var_log /var/log

            ื–ืืœ ืก ื˜ืฉืขืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืŸ

            lsblk

            18) ืจืขื“ืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ /etc/fstab
            fstab - ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื˜ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ื‘ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ
            ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ืจื” ื•ื•ื• /var/log ืื™ื– ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ system-log ืื•ื™ืฃ data-var_log

            19) ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื–ืึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื“ืขืœืึท ื˜ื™ืฉ (ืขืงืกื˜4, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ). ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืกื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืจื™ื™ื“, lvm, ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ FS ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ื™ึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ. ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ resize2fs ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ FS.

            20) ืœืขืฆื˜ ืงืึธืจื“

            • ื–ืืœ ืก ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœืฅ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืก (ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ืš-ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’)
            • ื˜ืฉืขืง ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืงืฉืœื™ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ: 
              pvs
lvs
vgs
lsblk
cat /proc/mdstat

            21) [ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ] ื’ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืขืคึผืก

            • ืจืขื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืจื™ื ื’ืœืขืš F12 ืฆื• ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ
              ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ssd ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉืจืึธืงืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™
            • ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง LV ืงืœืึธืฅ ืื™ืŸ VG ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ
              ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื– 100% ืคืจื™ื™ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ืึทื ื˜ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ -L ืฉืœื™ืกืœ:

              -L 500M
            • ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืึทื– / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืื™ื– ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึธืŸ ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง,
              ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ / ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ.

              • ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ sda1,sda2 ืื™ืŸ ืขืก
              • ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ืžืงืขืจืŸ / ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืึธื ืคืึทืœ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืžืึทื•ื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืขืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’