×× ×קס׀֌×Ö·× ×©×Ö·× ×€×× ×ך××ס ש××¢× ××× ×× ×€×֞ך××ך×× × ×€×× ×Ö·×××Ö·×עך××ש×Ö·× × ××× ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ××××××ק ××š×¢× ×ס ××× ××¢××¢×ש×Ö·×€×××¢× ×Ö·× ××××ק××× × ×××Ö·× ×. ××֞סק×××¢ ×Ö·×××× ××Öž× ×קס׀֌×Ö·× × ××× 2019 ×××××Öž× ×§×××Ö·×ך×Ö·× ××¢×עך ×€×× ××Öž×ס×× × ××× 4 (××× ××֞ס ××× × ××©× ×§×Ö·×× ××× × ×× 15 סע××Ö·×××Ö·× ×¥ ×××֞ס ×××¢× ×××× ×Š×××¢××¢×× ××× 2020). ×××עך ××¢× ×××Ö·×¡× ×עך×××֞ך××¢, ××¢×עק×Öž× ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ×××¢× ××Öž×× ×Š× ×Š×ש××¢×× ××××¢×š× ×ַקסעס ×Š× ×× ××× ××¢×š× ×¢×. ×× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×©××Öž××ש ××קך×Öž××ס×ך×ק×ס ××× ××¢×××× ××Ö·×××-ס××Öž×š× ×× ×× ××, ×Öž×עך ×עך "××ס×ש×ַך××ש×" ×××Ö·×קע ×עך׀עך. ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ×§×ַסעס, ×× ××Ö·×× ×××Ö·×š× ×š×¢×§×××ךע××¢× ×¥ ××¢× ×¢× ×Ö· ×××¡× ×Ö·× ×עךש. ××ך ×Ö·× ×Ö·××××× ××¢×עך ×€×× ×× ×¡×× ×¢×š××Öž×× ××× ××ש××€× ×Ö· ×× ×××עךס×Ö·× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ××ַש××××¢× ××Öž××¢× - T2600G-28SQ. ××× ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×֞ס××, ××ך ×××¢×× ×Ö·× ×Ö·×××× ××× ××¢××Ö·× ×× ×§×××€ÖŒ×Ö·××××Ö·××× ×€×× ×× ×××× ×××֞ס ×××¢× ×××× ××× ×עךעס××š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עק×Öž× ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ×××עך ך×ס××Ö·× ×.
ש××¢×× ××××£ ×× × ×¢×¥
×× T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×××××× × ×××××¢ ×€Ö¿×ַך ×֞׀֌עך×ַ׊××¢ ××××£ ×× ×ַקסעס ××ך×× ××× ×× × ×¢×¥ ××× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×Ö·××ךע×××××× × ×€Ö¿×ַך××× ××× ××¢× ×€Ö¿×× ×× ×עךע ×ַקסעס ××ך×× ×¡××××ש××. ××֞ס ××× ×Ö· ש××××¢ 2600 ××ַש××××¢× ×××֞ס ׀֌עך׀×֞ך×× ×¡××××ש×× × ××× ×¡××Ö·××ק ך×××× ×. ×××× ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ××× ×¡×××××©× ×××××¢ ×Ö·××ךע××Ö·×××Öž× ××× ×ַקסעס (ך×××× × ××××× ××× ×× × ×¢×¥ ××ַךץ), ×× T28G-XNUMXSQ ×××¢× ×€ÖŒ×ַס×ק ××× ×§××× ×€×× ×× ××¢×××¢×ס. ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·× ×€×× ××× ×Ö·××ק×Ö·××× ×š×Ö·×××× ×Ö·××ךע××Ö·×××Öž×, ××ך × ×Öž× ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× × ×¢××¢× ××× ×ש××× ×¢×××¢××¢ ך×ס×ך×קש×Ö·× × ××××£ × ××Š× ×§×ַסעס.
×× T2600G-28SQ ××Öž××¢× ××× ×Ö· ×€××-×€××¢×××©× ×ַק×××× ×¢×××¢×š× ×¢× ××ַש××××¢× ×Öž× × ×Öž× ×š×ס×ך×קש×Ö·× × ×××֞ס ×עךש××Ö·× ×¢× ×××¢× ××ך × ××Š× xPON ×Öž×עך ×¢× ××¢× ××¢×§× ×Ö·××Ö·××ש××. ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××ַש׀֌××, ×Öž× ×× ×¡×ַק×Öž× ×¢ ×€×× ââ×Ö· ש×ַךף ק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ××× ×××ק××Ö·× ××× ×Ö· ×€×ַך××š×¢×¡×¢×š× ××× ×× × ××עך ×€×× × ×׊עךס ×Öž×עך × ×¢××¢× ×§×Ö·××€ÖŒ×Ö·××Ö·××××Ö·×× ×Š××××©× ××סך××× ×€×× ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ×××¢× ××֞ךס ××× ×€×ך××××ַךע. ×××××¢ ס××£ × ×׊עךס ××× ×Ö·× ×עך××××× × ×ַקסעס ס××××ש×× ××× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ××€ÖŒ××× ×§×¡, ××ש×, ×× T2600G-28TS ××Öž××¢×, ×§×¢× ×¢× ×€×ַך××× ×× ×Š× ×× ×××× ×× ×עך׀××ס××. ×× ×××Ö·×ך×Ö·××¢ ××× ×× ×××××× ×× ××¢×š×¡× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×¡× ×××ש׀××× ×€×× ×Ö·××Ö· ק×Ö·× ×¢×§×©×Ö·× ×.
×Š× ×ַקסעס ×× × ×¢×¥ ×€×× ×× ×¡××£ ××Ö·× ×׊עך, ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ×€××ךע ×Öž×עך ××××ס××× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך ק×Ö·×××¢ ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢××××× ×. ××××£ ×× ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × ×××Ö·×, ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ×€××ךע ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×עך××Ö·× ××××× ××× ×Ö· ×××××Ö· ק×Ö·× ××עך×עך (××¢×××¢ ק×Ö·× ××עך×עך), ××ש×, TP-Link MC220L; ××× × ××Š× ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ׊×××× × ××× ×Ö· SOHO ך×Ö·××עך.
×Š× ×€×ַך××× ×× ×Ö· × ×ך××× ×§×××¢× ×, ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× × ××Š× ×€×ך RJ-45 ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ××× ×¡×€ÖŒ××× ×€×× 10/100/1000 ×××× / s. ×××× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×¢×××¢××¢ ס××× ××֞ס ××× × ××©× ××¢× ××, ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× "×עך" ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ×× ×עך׀××ס×× ×€×× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×Š× ×§×׀֌עך. ××֞ס ×§×¢× ×××× ××¢××× ××× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×©×Ö·××××× "ק×׀֌עך" SFPs ××× ×Ö· RJ-45 ק×Ö·× ×¢×§×עך. ××עך ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ×××××× × ×§×¢× ×¢× × ×× ×××× ×עך××€× ×××€ÖŒ×ש.
×¢×××¢××¢ ×××ש׀××× ×€×× ×€×ך
×Š× ×€×Ö·×š×¢× ×××§× ××¢× ××××, ××ך ××¢×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×××ש׀××× ×€×× × ××Š× ×× T2600G-28SQ ס××××ש××.
××֞סק×××¢ ××¢×× × ×©×€ÖŒ××Ö·×עך
××¢×עק×Öž×××× ×ק×Ö·×××Öž× ×¡ ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך
×€Ö¿×ך××¢ ×ך×׀֌ע
ש׀֌××Ö·×עך
××× ×× ×€××××¢× ××¢ סעקש×Ö·× ×, ××ך ×××¢×× ×עק×׊עך ××ַשך××Ö·×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×€×× ââ×× ×€Ö¿×¢×֎ק×××× ×€×× ×× T2600G-28SQ. ××× ×¡×ך × ××©× ×Š× ×××Öž×××× × ××¢× ××Ö·×עך××Ö·×, ××ך ××× ×§×¡ ×Ö· × ××עך ×€×× ×֞׀֌׊×עס: QinQ (VLAN VPN), ך×××× ×, QoS, ×××"× ×. ××ך ×ך×Ö·××× ×Ö·× ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×Š×ך×קק×××¢× ×Š× ××× ××× ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ×€××××¢× ××¢ ×ַך××ק××¢×.
××ַש××××¢× ×§×××€ÖŒ×Ö·××××Ö·×××
ךע×עך×××ַ׊××¢ - STP
STP - ס׀֌×Ö·× × ×× × ××š× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž×. ×עך ש׀֌×Ö·× ×× × ×××× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ××ק×× × ×€Ö¿×ַך ×Ö· ×××עך ××Ö·× × ×Š××Ö·×, ××Ö·× ×§ ×Š× ×× ×š×¢×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×§××¢× ×š×Ö·×××Ö· ׀֌עך×××Ö·× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×. ××× ××Öž××¢×š× × ×¢××××֞ךקס, ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ךס ׀֌ך××××š× ××× ××¢×עך ××¢×××¢× ×××¢× ×Š× ××ס××××× ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž×. ××Öž, STP ××× × ××©× ×Öž× ×××Ö·× ××ס×Ö·××××Ö·× ××××ש××. ××× ×¢×¡ ××× ×××עך ××× ×××× ×¢×¡ ××× ×Ö·× ×× ×עך ×ך××š× ×Š× ×××. ×Öž×עך, ××× ×Öž×€× ×עך ×€×Ö·×, ×× ×Öž×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××× ×Š× ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×××¢× ×Öž×€×¢× ××¢× ××××£ ×× ×€×ַךק××׀עך. ×עך××עך, ×Š× ××¢× ××Öž×, ס׀֌×Ö·× × ×× × ××š× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×××××× ×ÖŒ××¢× ×× ××××× ×××××× × ×××֞ס ××× ×עש×××Š× ×××š× ×ÖŒ××¢× ×Ö·××¢ ××Ö·× ××Ö·×€×ַק××©×¢×š×¢×š× ××× ××× ×××× ××ק×× × ×Š× ×Ö·××¢ × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ךס.
×× TP-Link T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ×©×××Š× ×ך×× ××עךס×עס ×€×× STP: ק××ַס×ש STP (IEEE 802.1D), RSTP (802.1W) ××× MSTP (802.1S).
×€×× ×× ×֞׀֌׊×עס, ךע×××עך RSTP ××× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×€ÖŒ×ַס×ק ×€Ö¿×ַך ך××Ö¿ ק×××× ××× ××¢×š× ×¢× ×€ÖŒ×š×Ö·××××××¢×š× ××× ×š×ס××Ö·× ×, ×××֞ס ××× ×××× ××××××§× ×××¢× ×××Ö·××¢ ×××עך ×× ×§××ַס×ש ××עךס××¢ - ×Ö· ×××××××ק ק×ך׊עך ק×Ö·× ××עך××ש×Ö·× ×¡ ׊×××.
×× ××¢×š×¡× ×€×עקס×Ö·××Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×××Ö·× × ××× MSTP, ×××֞ס ש×××Š× ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢××××֞ךקס (VLANs) ××× ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ××××עך, ×××֞ס ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× × ××Š× ×Ö·××¢ ×× ×××Š× ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ×€ÖŒ×Ö·×ס. ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך קך××××¥ ×¢×××¢××¢ ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ×××× ×× ×¡××Ö·× ×¡×× (×ַך×××£ ×Š× ×Ö·××), ××¢×עך ×€×× ×××֞ס סעך××עס ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש ××Ö·× × ×€×× ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢××××֞ךקס.
ס×Ö·××Ö·×××× ×€×× MSTP×Öž× ××××עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ךס ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ×××× ×××עך ×Öž×€ÖŒ××¢××× ×××¢× × ××Š× MSTP. ××֞ס ××× ××××Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× × ×Ö·××ך ××× ×Ö·× ×עךש ××× ×Ö· ××¢×× × ××× ×Š××××©× ×ק×××ת. ×עך××עך, ×××¢× ×§×Ö·× ×€×××עך×× × ×¡××××ש××, עס ××× ×××¢×š× ×Š× ××Ö·×× ×××עך ×Š× ×××××× ××× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ××¢×× ×.
×××֞ס ××× ××¢× × ×Öž×××֞ך××ַס ××¢×× ×? ××× MSTP ×עך××× ×¢×, ×Ö· ××¢×× × ××× ×Ö· ××Ö·× × ×€×× ×¡××××ש×× ×€×ך××× ×× ×Š× ××¢×עך ×× ×עךעך ×××֞ס ××Öž×× ×× ××¢×××¢ קעך×ַק×עך×ס××קס: ××¢×× × × ×Öž××¢×, ךע××××××¢ × ××עך, ××× ×€×ַךש׀֌ך××××× × ×€×× ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢××××֞ךקס (VLANs) ׊××××©× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×× ×¡××Ö·× ×¡××.
×€×× ×§×ךס, ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×Ö·× × ×× × ××š× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× (ק××× ××עךס××¢) ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך × ×× ××××× ×Š× ××Ö·× ×××¢× ××× ××׀֌ס ×××֞ס ש××××¢× ×××¢× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§××× × ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·××, ×Öž×עך ×××× ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×§×¢×× ×§×Ö·×××¢ ס××××ש×× × ×¢×š×š×֞ךס ×××¢× ×Ö· ×× ××©×¢× ×ך ×עק×××× ×Öž×עך ×Ö·× ×× ××¢× ×©×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§×¥ ×× ×××ךע×× ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ, קך×××××× × ×Ö· ש××××£ ××× ××××. ×ַקש×Ö·× ×.
×עך ×קס׀֌×ך××Ö·× ×¡× × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ךס ×עסעך ×Š× × ××Š× ×Ö· ×€×ַךש×××× ×§××Ö·× ×€×× × ×Öž× ×֞׀֌׊×עס ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×× STP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×€×× ×× ×€××× ×Öž×עך ק×Öž××€ÖŒ×עקס ×××××ק ס××××Ö·×××Öž× ×¡. ×× T2600G-28SQ ××Öž××¢× ×֞׀׀עךס ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×¥ ק××× ×€×× ×Ö·××Ö· ק×××€ÖŒ×Ö·××××Ö·×××: ×××€ÖŒ ׀֌ך×Öž××¢×§× ××× ×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×עק×, TC Guard, BPDU Protect ××× BPDU Filter.
××¢×עך×ק × ××Š× ×€×× ×× ×֞׀֌׊×עס ××ס××¢× ××××× ××× ×§×Ö·× ××ש×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ××× ×× ×עךע ×עש×××Š× ×©××¥ ×עק×Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×××¢× ×¡×××××Ö·×××× ×× ××××¢ × ×¢×¥ ××× ××Ö·×× ×¢×¡ ×עך ׀֌ך×××ק××Ö·××Ö·×.
ךע×עך×××ַ׊××¢ - LAG
LAG - ××× ×§ ×Ö·××ךע××Ö·×××Öž× ×ך××€×¢. ××֞ס ××× ×Ö· ××¢×× ×Öž××Öž×××¢ ×××֞ס ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×€×ַך××× ×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×ש×××ת ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ××× ×××× ××Ö·××ש×ק×Ö·×. ×Ö·××¢ ×× ×עךע ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž×ס ××Ö·××× ×Š× × ××Š× ×× ×ש×××ת ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ×ַך××Ö·× ×עךע×× × ××× ×× LAG סע׀֌עך×Ö·××× ××× ×Öž× ××××× ×Š× "××¢×" ×××× ××Ö·××ש×ק×Ö·× ×Š×××× ×. × ×××ש׀֌×× ×€×× ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× STP.
××Ö·× ×׊עך ×€×ַךקעך ××× ××Ö·××Ö·× ×¡× ×Š××××©× ×ש×××ת ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ××× ××Ö·××ש×ק×Ö·× ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ×××××š× ××××£ ×× ××ַש ס×Ö·××ַק×. ×Š× ×š×¢××¢× ×¢× ×¢×¡, ×× MAC ×××¢× ×× ×€×× ×× ×֞׀֌ש×קעך, ××ַק××עך ×Öž×עך ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך ×€×× ××× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢××××× ×; ××× ××¢××× × ××× ×× IP ×Ö·×ךעסעס ×€×× ×× ×֞׀֌ש×קעך, ××ַק××עך ×Öž×עך ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך ×€×× ×××. ש××××¢ XNUMX ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢ (TCP / UDP ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ) ××× × ××©× ××¢× ×××¢× ××× ×ש×××.
×× T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ×©×××Š× ×¡××Ö·××ק ××× ××× ×Ö·××ש ××Ö·×.
×Š× ×€×ַך××Ö·× ×××¢× ×× ×ַ׀֌עך××××× × ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×€×× ×Ö· ××× ×Ö·××ש ×ך×׀֌ע, ×× LACP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ××¢× ×׊×.
×××עך×××× - ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת (ACLs)
××× ××עך T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×€×××עך ××Ö·× ×׊עך ×€×ַךקעך × ××Š× ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת (ACL - ×ַקסעס ק×Öž× ×ך×Öž× ×š×©×××).
ש×××Š× ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×€×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ×××׀֌ס: MAC ××× IP (IPv4/IPv6), ק×Ö·××××× ×, ××× ×××× ×Š× ××ך××€××š× ××× ××Ö·×× ×€Ö¿×××ך×ך×× ×. ×× × ××עך ×€×× ××¢×עך ×ַקסעס ךש××× ×××€ÖŒ ×עש×××Š× ××¢×€ÖŒ×¢× ×ס ××××£ ×× SDM ××ס×עך ×××Š× ××× × ×׊×, ×××֞ס ××ך ××סקך×××× ××× ×× ×× ×עך ×Öž×€ÖŒ×××××× ×.
×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× × ××Š× ××¢× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ×Š× ×€×ַךש׀֌×Ö·×š× ×€×ַךש××× ×Ö·× ×××Öž× ××× ×€×ַךקעך ××××£ ×× × ×¢×¥. ×Ö· ×××ש׀֌×× ×€×× ×Ö·××Ö· ×€×ַךקעך ×××Öž×× ×××× IPv6 ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥ (× ××Š× ×× EtherType ×€×¢××) ×××× ×× ×§×֞ך×ַס׀֌×Ö·× ××× × ××× ×¡× ××× × ××©× ×Š××עש××¢××; ×Öž×עך ×€×ַךש׀֌×Ö·×š× ×¡×× ××××£ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× 445. ××× ×Ö· × ×¢×¥ ××× ×¡××Ö·××ק ×Ö·×ךעס×× ×, DHCP/BOOTP ×€×ַךקעך ××× × ×× ×€×ך××× ××, ×Ö·××× × ××Š× ×Ö· ×ַק×, ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×€×××עך ×××€ÖŒ ××Ö·××Ö·×ך×Ö·×ס ××××£ ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ 67 ××× 68. ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×€×ַךש׀֌×Ö·×š× ××××¢ ××€ÖŒ×Öž×¢ ×€×ַךקעך × ××Š× ×Ö·× ×ַק×. ×Ö·××Ö· ×××ַק×× × ×§×¢× ×××× ××× ××Öž× ×¢× ××× ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך × ×¢××××֞ךקס × ××Š× PPPoE.
×עך ׀֌ך×֞׊עס ×€×× × ××Š× ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת ××× ××֞ך ׀֌ש××. × ×Öž× ×§×š×××××× × ×× ×š×©××× ×××, ××ך ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ××××× ×Š× ×¢×¡ ×× ×€×ך××× ×× × ××עך ×€×× ×š×¢×§×֞ך×ס, ×× ×××€ÖŒ ×€×× ×××֞ס ××¢×€ÖŒ×¢× ×ס ××××Ö·× ××××£ ×× ×§×ַס××Ö·××××× ×××Ö·×.
××ַש××¢×××§× ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת
עס ××× ×××× ×Š× ××××¢×š×§× ×Ö·× ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת ×§×¢× ×¢× ××ך××€××š× × ×× ××××× ×× ××¢××××× ×××¢× ×ַ׀֌עך××ש×Ö·× × ×€×× ×Ö·××Ö·××× × ×Öž×עך ×€×ך××××§×¢× ×¢× ×€×ַךקעך, ×Öž×עך ×××× ×š××עךעק××× × ×¢×¡, ××ךעך×× × ×¢×¡, ××× ×××× ××ך××€××š× ×š×××ַךק×× × ×Öž×עך ק×ךס ××××Ö·××× ×.
×Ö·××Öž× ×Ö·××¢ ×× ×€×ך××× ×× ×Ö·×§× ×¡ ××¢× ×¢× ××ש××€×, ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×× ×¡××Ö·×××š× ×××. עס ××× ××¢×××¢× ×Š× ×Š×××©×¢×€ÖŒ×¢× ×Ö· ×ַקסעס ךש××× ×Š× ×××××¢ ×Ö· ×××š×¢×§× ×€×××ש ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥.
×××עך×××× - × ××עך ×€×× MAC ×Ö·×ךעסעס
××× ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ××Ö·××š×¢× ×¢×Š× ×× × ××עך ×€×× MAC ×××¢× ×× ×Ö·× ×Ö· ××ַש××××¢× ×××¢× ××¢×š× ×¢× ××× ×Ö· ××Ö·××× ×עך ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×. ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת ××Öž×× ××ך ×Š× ×עך×ך×××× ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×¡××€××¢× ×××ךק×× ×, ×Öž×עך ××× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ׊××× ××Ö·×š×€× ×Ö· ×קס׀֌××ס×Ö·× ×Öž× ××××Ö·× ×€×× ×× MAC ×Ö·××š×¢×¡× ×××. ×××× ××ך × ×֞ך ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ××Ö·××š×¢× ×¢×Š× ×× × ××עך ×€×× ×§×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×××¢× ××, ×Öž×עך × ××©× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ××× ××€×ך×ש, ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××עך×××× ×××¢× ×§×××¢× ×Š× ×š×Ö·××¢×××¢×.
×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ך×ס×ך×קש×Ö·× ×§×¢× ×××× ×€×ך××× ××, ××ש×, ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×§×¢×× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§××× × ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×¥ ××××¢ × ×¢×¥ ×Š× ×××× ×€ÖŒ×š×Ö·×××××עך ××ַש××××¢× ×Š×××× ×. עס ××× ×××× ×Š× ×עך××Öž× ×¢× ××Öž ×Ö·× ××ך ××¢× ×¢× ×עךע×× ×××¢×× ×Ö· ךע××-×ַך×××£ קשך, ××××Ö·× ×××¢× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§××× × ××× ×Ö· ך×Ö·××עך ××××£ ×× ×§×××¢× × ×××Ö·×, ×× T2600G-28SQ ×××¢× ××¢×š× ×¢× ××××× ×××× ×Ö·×ךעס - ××֞ס ××× ×× MAC ×××֞ס ××¢××¢×š× ×Š× ×× WAN ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×€×× ××¢× ×§×××¢× × ×š×Ö·××עך. .
עס ××× ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×¥ ק××ַס ×€×× ×× ×€××× ××ךעק××¢× ×§×¢×× ×× ×¡××××ש×× × ××ש. ××֞ס ×§×¢× ×××× ×Ö· ××ש ×Öž×××עך׀××Öž× ×Öž×עך MAC ס׀֌×Öž×Öž×€×× ×. ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××עך×××× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ×××¢× ××Öž×× ××ך ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×§×¢×× ×Öž×××עך׀××Öž× ×€×× ×ך×ק ××ש ××× ×Ö·××ַקס ×Ö·×××¢× ×Š× ×××××ך×Ö·××× ×š××ך××× ×× × ×× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×€×ַךס×Ö·××× × ×× ×ך×ק ××ש.
עס ××× ×××××¢×××¢× × ×× ×Š× ×עך××Öž× ×¢× ×€×©×× ×€×Öž××× ×§×××¢× × ××סך×××. עס ××¢× ×¢× ×Öž×€× ×¡××××Ö·×××Öž× ×¡ ×××¢× ×Ö· ××Ö·××€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×× × ×§×Öž××€ÖŒ×××עך × ×¢×¥ ק×Öž×š× ×Öž×עך ך×Ö·××עך קך××××¥ ×Ö· ×××Ö·× ×€×× ×š×Öž××¢× ××× ××֞ך ×ַך×××ך×ַך×ש ×¡×¢× ×עך ××× ××ַק××עך ×××¢× ××. ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ××××€× ×§×¢× ×¢× ××××× ×€×××¡× ×× ×§×Ö·×.
×× ×× ×עך ×××¢× ×Š× ××Ö·××š×¢× ×¢×Š× ×× × ××עך ×€×× ×ך×ק ××ש ×××× ×¡× ××× ×× MAC VLAN סעק×ך××× ×ע׊××Ö·×, ×××֞ס ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×Ö· ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×Š× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ×× ××ַקס×××× × ××עך ×€×× ×××× ×¡× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥.
××× ×Ö·××ש×Ö·× ×Š× ×€××š× ××× ×Ö·××ש ×××× ×¡× ××× ×× ×¡××××ש×× × ××ש, ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×©×Ö·×€Ö¿× ×¡××Ö·××ק ×Öž× ×¢×¡.
×× ××ַקס×××× ×ך×ק ××ש ×€×× ×× T2600G-28SQ ××Öž××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×ַק×Ö·××Ö·×××× ×ַך×××£ ×Š× 16 ק ךעק×֞ך×ס.
×× ×× ×עך ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ×××××× × ×Š× ×€×××עך ×× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡××ס××¢ ×€×× ââ××Ö·× ×׊עך ×€×ַךקעך ××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×ס×Öž××Ö·×××Öž× ×€×× ×§×Š××¢, ×××֞ס ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ××€×ך×ש ××× ×××֞ס ך××××× × ×€×֞ך××עך××× × ××× ×¢×š×××××.
×××עך×××× - IMPB
××× ×× ×××Ö·×¡× ×קס׀֌×Ö·× ×¡×× ×€×× ××× ××עך ×××Ö·×¡× ××Öž××××Ö·× ×, ×עך ׊×××Ö·× × ×€×× ××¢×עק×Öž× ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ×Š× ×× ×©×ך×× × × ×¢×¥ ×××עך×××× ×¢× ×× ×× ××עך×× ×€×× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×××××××¡× ××ק××× ×Š× ×× ××ַקס×××× ××¢×××¢× × ××Š× ×€×× ×Ö·××¢ ×֞׀֌׊×עס ×עש×××Š× ×××š× ×× ××סך×××.
×× IPv4 IMPB (IP-MAC-Port Binding) ××× IPv6 IMPB ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× × ××Öž×× ××ך ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×§×¢×× ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×¥ ק××× ×€×× ×× ×€××× ×©××Ö·××ת ×Š× ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×Öž×Öž×€×× × ×€×× IP ××× MAC ×Ö·×ךעסעס ×€×× ×××× ×¢× ×× ×××š× ×××× ××× × ×× IP ××× MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ×€×× ×§×××¢× × ××סך××× ×Š×. ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Ö·×××××עך ס ××ַש××××¢× ×Š×××× ×. ××¢× ×××× ××× × ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢××× ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×Öž×עך ××× ×× ARP סק×Ö·× ×× × ××× DHCP ×¡× ×Öž×Öž×€ÖŒ×× × ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×.
×קעך××ק IMPB סע×××× ×ס
×Š× ×××× ×©×××, עס ××Öž× ×××× ××¢××Öž×× ×Ö·× ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××¢× ×€×× ×§×Š××¢ ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢××××× × ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×× DHCP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× - DHCP Filter.
××× ××¢× ×€Ö¿×× ×§×Š××¢, ×עך × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ×× ×× ×עך׀××ס×× ×Š× ×××֞ס ×€×ַק××ש DHCP סעך××עךס ××¢× ×¢× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢×. ××֞ס ×××¢× ×€×ַך×××Ö·×× ×ש×××ק DHCP סעך××עךס ×€×× ×× ×עך׀×ך×× × ××× ×× IP ×€×ַך××Ö·× ×××× × ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊עס.
×××עך×××× - DoS Defend
×עך ××Öž××¢× ××× ×עך ××Ö·×ך×Ö·×××× × ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××× ×× ×Š× ××ַש××Š× × ×׊עךס ×€×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×€×× ââââ×× ××¢×š×¡× ××Ö·××××¡× ××× ××× ×Ö·×עך ××××××¡×€ÖŒ×š×¢× ××֞ס ×× ×€×××.
ך××Ö¿ ×€×× ×× ××ס××¢× ×× ×€××× ××¢× ×¢× × ×× ×עך ×ע׀עך××¢× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×××סעס ××× ××Öž××¢×š× ×֞׀֌עך××××× × ×¡×ס××¢××¢×, ×Öž×עך ××× ××עך × ×¢××××֞ךקס ×§×¢× ×¢× × ×Öž× ××š×¢×€× ××¢× ×¢ ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××֞ס ×× ×ע׊××¢ ×××××××××š× ×עך×××Ö·× ×××§× ××× ××¢×××× ××× ×€×××¢ ××Öž×š× ×Š×ך×ק.
DHCP ש××׊×
×× TP-Link T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×©×€ÖŒ××× ××× ×Ö· DHCP סעך××עך ×Öž×עך ךע××¢ ××× ××ך××€××š× ×€×ַךש××× ×€Ö¿×××ך×ך×× × ×€×× DHCP ×ַך××ק××¢× ×××× ×× ×× ×עך ×××× ×Ö·×§× ××× ×Ö· סעך××עך.
×× ××××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×Š× ×Š×ש××¢×× × ×׊עךס ××× ×× IP ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×××֞ס ××× ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ×ַך××¢×× ××× ×Š× × ××Š× ×× ××¢××××-××× DHCP סעך××עך ×€×× ×× ××ַש××××¢×. ××× ×××Ö·× ××××£, ×× ×קעך××ק ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×§×¢× ×¢× ×©××× ×××× ××¢××¢×× ×Š× ×××× ×¢× ××.
××ך ק×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ××× ××עך Archer C6 SOHO ך×Ö·××עך ×Š× ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×× ×עך׀××ס×× ××× ××¢×××× ×××עך ×Ö·× ×עך ק×××¢× × ×××× ×׊××× ××ק×××¢× ×Ö·× ×Ö·×ךעס.
עס ק××§× ××× ××֞ס
×עך DHCP סעך××עך ××¢×××× ××× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ××Öž×עך × ××©× ×× ××¢×š×¡× ×¡×§×Ö·××Ö·×××¢ ××× ×€×עקס×Ö·××Ö·× ×××××× ×: עס ××× ×§××× ×©×××Š× ×€Ö¿×ַך × ××-× ×֞ך××Ö·× ×֞׀֌׊×עס, ××× ×¢×¡ ××× ×§××× ×§×©×š ××× IPAM. ×××× ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ך×ק×××××¢×š× ×עך ק×Öž× ×ך×Öž× ×××עך ×× ×€×ַךש׀֌ך××××× × ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊עס ×€×× IP ×Ö·×ךעס, ×Ö· ××¢××ַק××××Ö·× DHCP סעך××עך ×××¢× ×××× ××¢××××× ×.
T2600G-28SQ ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ×Ö· ××Ö·××× ×עך ××¢××ַק××××Ö·× DHCP סעך××עך ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עך ××Ö·× ×׊עך ס××× ×¢× ×Š× ×××֞ס ×ַך××ק××¢× ×€×× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×עך ××סק×ס××¢ ×××¢× ×××× ×š××עךעק×××. ×× ×¡××× ×¢× ××× ×××ס×עק×××× ×××š× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ×× ×Š×× ×¢××¢× × 3 ׊×××× ×: ××××Ö·× (ס×××), ך×Ö·×××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×Öž×עך ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×-ק×Ö·× ×Ö·×.
×Š× ×€ÖŒ×š××××š× ×× ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×× × ×€×× ×× ×š×¢××¢, ××ך ק×Ö·× ×€××××¢×š× ×Ö· ××Ö·××× ×עך ך×Ö·××עך ×€×× ×× ×× ×עך ×€×ַךק××׀עך ×Š× ×ַך××¢×× ××× ×Ö· DHCP סעך××עך, ×× ×¡×¢×××× ×ס ×€×× ×××֞ס ××¢× ×¢× ×עך××× ×× ××× ××.
R1#sho run | s pool
ip dhcp pool test
network 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.0.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
×עך ק×××¢× × ×š×Ö·××עך ××× ×׊××× ××ק×××¢× ×Ö·× IP ×Ö·×ךעס ××××עך.
R1#sho ip dhcp binding
Bindings from all pools not associated with VRF:
IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type
Hardware address/
User name
192.168.0.2 010c.8063.f0c2.6a May 24 2019 05:07 PM Automatic
××× ×עך ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×××עך - ×× ××× ××Ö·×× ×€×× ×× ×× ×עךסע׀֌××Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×ַק×Ö·× ×Š××××©× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×Ö· ××¢××ַק××××Ö·× DHCP סעך××עך.
×€ÖŒ×¢×§× ××× ××Ö·××
עס ××Öž× ×××× ×× ××¢××××× ×Ö·× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×©×××Š× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ 82. ×××¢× ×¢× ××××Ö·××, ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×××¢× ××××× ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢ ×××¢×× ×× ××Ö·× ×׊עך ׊×××× × ×€×× ×××֞ס ×× DHCP Discover ×Öž× ××Öž× ××× ××ק×××¢×. ××× ×Ö·××ש×Ö·×, ×× T2600G-28SQ ××Öž××¢× ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×§×Ö·× ×€×××עך ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž××××ק ×€Ö¿×ַך ׀֌ך×ַסעס×× × ×Š×××¢××¢×× ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢ ×××¢× ×× ×¡×¢×š××× × ×֞׀֌׊××¢ × ×× 82. ×× ×××Ö·×××Ö·× ×€×× ×©×××Š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× × ×׊×ק ××× ×Ö· ס××××ַ׊××¢ ××× ×עך ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × ××ַךף ×××× ××¢××¢×× ×× ××¢×××¢ IP ×Ö·×ךעס, ך×Ö·××ַך×××ַס ×€×× ×××֞ס ק×××¢× ×-ID ×עך ק×××¢× × ×š××€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ×××¢×× ×××.
×× ×€×××ך ××× ×× ×××××× ×Ö· DHCP Discover ×Öž× ××Öž× (×עש××§× ×××š× ×š×¢××¢) ××× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ × ×× 82 ׊×××¢××¢××.
×Öž× ××Öž× ××× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ × ×× 82
×€×× ×§×ךס, ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×€××š× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ × ×× 82 ×Öž× ××ַש××¢×××§× ×Ö· ×€××-×€××¢×××©× DHCP ךע××¢, ×× ×§×֞ך×ַס׀֌×Ö·× ××× × ×¡×¢×××× ×ס ××¢× ×¢× ×עך××× ×× ××× ×× "DHCP L2 Relay" ס×Ö·×סעקש×Ö·×.
×××Š× ××Öž×× ××× ×× ××××©× ×× DHCP סעך××עך סע×××× ×ס ×Š× ××Ö·××××Ö·×× ××× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ × ×× 82 ×ַך××¢×.
R1#sho run | s dhcp
ip dhcp pool test
network 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.0.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
class option82_test
address range 192.168.0.222 192.168.0.222
ip dhcp class option82_test
relay agent information
relay-information hex 010e010c74702d6c696e6b5f746573740208000668ff7b66f675
R1#sho ip dhcp binding
Bindings from all pools not associated with VRF:
IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type
Hardware address/
User name
192.168.0.222 010c.8063.f0c2.6a May 24 2019 05:33 PM Automatic
ע׀֌עס ××× ××֞ס
×× DHCP ׊×××× × ×š×¢××¢ ×€Ö¿×× ×§×Š××¢ ×××¢× ×××× × ×׊×ק ××× ×Ö· ס××××ַ׊××¢ ××× ×× ××ַש××××¢× × ×× ××××× ××× ×Ö· L3 ׊×××× × ×€×ך××× ×× ×Š× ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש × ×¢×¥, ×Öž×עך ×× ×Š×××× × ×××× ××× ×Ö· IP ×Ö·×ךעס. ×××× ×¢×¡ ××× ×§××× ×Ö·×ךעס ××××£ ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ׊×××× ×, ×× DHCP VLAN ךע××¢ ×€Ö¿×× ×§×Š××¢ ×××¢× ×§×××¢× ×Š× ×š×Ö·××¢×××¢×. ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢ ×××¢×× ×× ×¡××× ×¢× ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·× ××× ××¢× ×××¢× ×€Ö¿×× ×× ×€×¢××ק××Ö·× ×Š×××× ×, ××֞ס ×××, ×× ×Ö·×ךעס ס׀֌××ס×Ö·× ××× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢××××֞ךקס ×××¢× ×××× ×× ××¢×××¢ (×Öž×××עך××Ö·×€ÖŒ).
×Öž×€×, ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ×××× ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ××ַש××Š× ×××× ×¢× ×× ×€×× ×¢×š×Öž×× ××ַס ×Öž×עך ×××××¢ ×ַק××Ö·××××ש×Ö·× ×€×× ×× DHCP סעך××עך ××××£ ק×××¢× × ××סך×××. ××ך ××ַש××Öž×¡× ×Š× ××סק××××š× ××¢× ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×Ö·×××× ××× ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ×¡×¢×§×©×Ö·× × ××¢××ַק××××Ö·× ×Š× ×××עך×××× ×ש××.
××¢×¢×¢ 802.1 קס
×××× ×××¢× ×Š× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××× × ×׊עךס ××××£ ×Ö· × ×¢×¥ ××× ×Š× × ××Š× ×× IEEE 802.1X ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž×. ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×€ÖŒ×××ַך×××¢× ×€×× ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×× × ×¢××××֞ךקס ×€×× ××¢×עק×Öž× ×֞׀֌עך××××¢×š× ××× ×š×ס××Ö·× × ××× ×©××× ××××£ ×× ×ַך×Öž×€ÖŒ××××; עס ××× × ×Öž× ××¢× ××Š× ×עך ××××€ÖŒ× ××× ×× ××××¢ × ×¢××××֞ךקס ×€×× ×ך××ס ק×Öž××€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×עס ×Š× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××× ×× ×¢×š××¢× × ×׊עךס ×€×× ×עך ×֞ך××Ö·× ×××ַ׊××¢. ×× T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ××× 802.1X ש××׊×, ×Ö·××× ×עך ש׀֌××Ö·×עך ×§×¢× ×¢× ××××× × ××Š× ×¢×¡ ×××× × ××××ק.
×€Ö¿×ַך ×× IEEE 802.1X ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×Š× ×ַך××¢××, ×ך×× ×€ÖŒ×ַך××ס×Ö·×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×¥ ××¢× ×¢× ×€×ך××× ××: ק×××¢× × ××סך××× (ס××€ÖŒ××ק×Ö·× ×), ׀֌ך×Ö·×××××עך ×ַקסעס ××ַש××××¢× (×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·×) ××× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·× ×¡×¢×š××עךס (×××ש×Ö·×××Ö·×× RADIUS סעך××עךס).
×× ×ך×× × ×§×Ö·× ×€×××עך××ש×Ö·× ××××£ ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ×××Ö·× ××× ××֞ך ׀֌ש××. ××ך × ×֞ך ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×Š××€×׊××š× ×× IP ×Ö·×ךעס ×€×× ×× RADIUS סעך××עך ××¢× ×׊×, ××××£ ×××֞ס ×× ××Ö·× ×׊עך ××Ö·××Ö·×××ס ×××¢× ×××× ×¡××֞ך×, ××× ×××× ×××סק×××Ö·×× ×× ×× ×עך׀××ס×× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××֞ס ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·× ××× ×€×ך××× ××.
×קעך××ק 802.1X סע××Ö·×€ÖŒ
××× ×¢×š××עך××ק ק×Ö·× ×€×××עך××ש×Ö·× ××× ×××× ×€×ך××× ×× ××××£ ×× ×§×××¢× × ×××Ö·×. ×Ö·××¢ ××Öž××¢×š× ×֞׀֌עך××××× × ×¡×ס××¢××¢× ×©××× ×Ö·× ×××Ö·××× ×× × ××××ק ××××××××ך×. ×Öž×עך ×××× × ××××ק, ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×× ×¡××Ö·×××š× ××× × ××Š× TP-Link 802.1x Client - ×Ö· ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××ַק××ש×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××× ××¢× ×§×××¢× × ××××£ ×× × ×¢×¥.
×××¢× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§××× × ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×׊עך 'ס ×€ÖŒ××¡× ××××Ö·× ×Š× ×× ×©×€ÖŒ××Ö·×עך ס × ×¢×¥, ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·× ×¡×¢×××× ×ס ×××× ×××× ×ַק××××××××× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× × ×¢×¥ ק×Öž×š× ××¢× ××Š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ×§×©×š.
×עך××××Ö·×, עס ××× × ××©× ×עך ××Ö·× ×׊עך 'ס ק×Öž××€ÖŒ×××עך ×××֞ס ××× ×××ש×Ö·×××Ö·×× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×Š× ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ס × ×¢×¥, ×Öž×עך ×Ö· SOHO ך×Ö·××עך ×××֞ס ×× ×©××š× ×× ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×× × ×€×× ×× ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × ×¡ ××××¢ × ×¢×¥ (×××××¢ ×××××¢×š× ××× ××××ך××ס סע×××Ö·× ×¥). ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·×, ×Ö·××¢ 802.1X ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×¡×¢×××× ×ס ×××× ×××× ××¢×××× ××××Ö·× ××××£ ×× ×š×Ö·××עך.
עס ×××× × ×Š× ××× ×× ×Ö·× ××¢× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·× ×××€Ö¿× ××× ×Ö·× × ×¢×¡×¢×š××××× ×€×ך××¢×¡× ××× ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך × ×¢××××֞ךקס. ××Öž, ש××š×¢× × ×××× ××× × ×Ö· ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × ×Š× ×Ö· ××ַש××××¢× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×§×¢× ×××× ×Ö· ס×××€ÖŒ×עך ×××××× × ××× ×× ×€×× × ×€×× ×××× ×× × ×€×× ××Ö·× ×׊עך ××סך××× ×¡×¢×××× ×ס. ×Öž×עך ×××× ×× × ××Š× ×€×× ×Ö· ××Öž××× ××× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Öž× ××× × ××××ק, 802.1X ×××¢× × ××©× ×××× ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ש××עך ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×§×Ö·××€ÖŒ×¢×š× ××× ×× ×§×Ö·× ×¢×§×©×Ö·× × ×××××š× ××××£ PPTP/L2TP/PPPoE ××Ö·× ×Ö·××.
PPPoE ID ×× ×¡×¢×š×©×Ö·×
×€×××¢ ××××¢×š× × ×× ××××× ××× ××× ××עך ××Ö·× ×, ×Öž×עך ×××עך ×עך ×××¢×× × ×Öž× ×עסעך ×Š× × ××Š× ××֞ך ׀֌ש×× ×€ÖŒ×ַס××עך××. ××× ×§×ַסעס ×€×× ×§×š×Ö·××¢× ×ש×Ö·× ×× ×××××¢, ××××, ××¢× ×¢× × ××©× ××××¢××××× ×××¢×. ×××× ×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך × ××Š× ×× PPPoE ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×××× × ×¢×¥ ×Š× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××× × ×׊עךס, ×× TP-Link T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ×××¢× ××¢××€Ö¿× ×¡×Öž××××¢ ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×××¢× ×€Ö¿×ַך××× ×× ××× ××ק×Ö·××ש ×€×× ×§×š×Ö·××¢× ×ש×Ö·××. ××֞ס ××× ×Ö·×ש×××× ×××š× ×Ö·××× × ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××¢× ×€×ך××¢ ×Š× ×× PPPoE Active Discovery ×Öž× ××Öž×. ××× ××¢× ×××¢×, ×עך ש׀֌××Ö·×עך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××× ×× ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × × ×× ××××× ×××š× ××Öž××× ××× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Öž×, ×Öž×עך ×××× ×××š× × ×Öž× ××Ö·××. ×× × ×Öž× ××Ö·×× ×××× ×× MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ×€×× ××¢× ×§×××¢× × ××××, ××× ××¢××× × ××× ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×Š×××× × ×Š× ×××֞ס עס ××× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢×.
×¢×××¢××¢ ×֞׀֌עך×××עך×, ××× ×€ÖŒ×š×× ×Š××€ÖŒ, ××××× ×Š× ××××§×¢× ×¢× ×× ×Ö·××Öž× ×¢× × (×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך ×€×× ××Öž××× ××× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Öž×) ×× ×€×××ק××Ö·× ×Š× × ×Ö·××××××š× ×× × ×¢×¥. ×× PPPoE ID ×× ×¡×¢×š×©×Ö·× ×€Ö¿×× ×§×Š××¢ ×××¢× ×××× ××¢××€Ö¿× ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·×.
IGMP
×× IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) ××× ××¢×××¢× ×ַך×× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×עק×Ö·×עס. ×××Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×€ÖŒ×××ַך×××¢× ××× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×€×ַךש××××ק ××× ××××× ×עךק×עך×. ×Öž×עך, עס ××¢× ×¢× ×Š×××× ×€ÖŒ×ַך××עס ×× ×××Ö·×××× ××× IGMP ×× ×עך×ַקש×Ö·×: ×עך ××Ö·× ×׊עך 'ס ×€ÖŒ××¡× (×Öž×עך ק××× ×× ×עךע ××××, ××ש×, ×Ö· STB) ××× ×× IP ך×Ö·××עך סעך×××× × ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש × ×¢×¥ ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ××. ס××××ש×× ××Öž× × ×× ×Öž× ×××× × ×¢××¢× ××× ××¢× ×××¢×§×¡× ××× ×§××× ×××¢×. ××ת, ×× ×ע׊××¢ ×עךק×עך×× × ××× × ××©× ××× ××× ×Š× ××ת. ×Öž×עך ××× ××Öž××¢×š× × ×¢××××֞ךקס ××֞ס ××× × ××©× ××ת ××× ×Ö·××¢. ס××××ש×× ×©×××Š× IGMP ×Š× ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××Ö·×××× ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך ×€×֞ך××עך××× ×. ׊×××¢××¢×š× ×Š× ××Ö·× ×׊עך ×€×ַךקעך, ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ×××עקץ IGMP ××ך××× ×ַך××ק××¢× ××× ×¢×¡, ××× ×× ××××£ ×€×× ×××֞ס עס ×××עך××Ö·× × ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ×€Ö¿×ַך ×€×֞ך××עך××× × ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך. ×× ××סקך×××× ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ××× ×עך××€× IGMP Snooping.
ש×××Š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× IGMP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢××××× × × ×× ××××× ×Š× ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××Ö·×××× ×€×ַךקעך ××× ×Ö·××Ö·, ×Öž×עך ×××× ×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×××× ×¢× ×× ×××֞ס ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×Š××עש××¢×× ××× ×Ö· ×××עך ××× ×¡×, ××ש×, IPTV. ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×עך×ך×××× ××¢× ××¢××××× ×Š×× ×Öž×עך ×××š× ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ××ַש××¢×××§× ×€×××עך×× × ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×Öž×עך × ××Š× ×Öž××¢× ××ַק××ש×Ö·×.
ש×××Š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך ××××£ ××€ÖŒ-××× ×§ ס××××ש×× ××× ×××€ÖŒ××Ö·××¢× ×Ö·× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×€×עקס×Ö·××Ö·×. ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××ַש׀֌××, ×Ö·××¢ ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××ַש×××× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עך ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥ סע׀֌עך×Ö·×××.
×××× ×§×××€× ×¡××× ×¢×¥ ××× ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך ך×ס××€ÖŒ××Ö·× ×¥ ××¢× ×¢× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×Š× ×××× ×š×Ö·××עך ׊×××× ×, ×עך ך×Ö·××עך ×××¢× ×××× ×ע׊×××× ××¢× ×Š× ×©××§× ×§×××€× ×§××€×עס ×€×× ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥ ×××š× ××¢× ×Š×××× × (×××× ×¢×š ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עך ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥).
××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·×, ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××Ö·×××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊ע××ך ×€Ö¿×ַך ×€×֞ך××עך××× × ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך ××× MVR ××¢×× ×Öž××Öž×××¢ - ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ××××Ö·× ×š×¢××ס×ך×ַ׊××¢.
×× ×¢×¡×Ö·× ×¡ ×€×× ×× ×××××× × ××× ×Ö·× ×××× ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥ ××× ××ש××€× ×××֞ס ××× ×××¥ ×Ö·××¢ ך×ס××€ÖŒ××Ö·× ×¥. ×Öž×עך, ××¢× ×××ך×××Ö·× × ×¢×¥ ××× ××¢× ××Š× ××××× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך. ×עך ׊×××Ö·× × ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×× ×š×Ö·××עך ×Š× ×©××§× ××××× ×××× ×§×Öž×€ÖŒ××¢ ×€×× ââ×× ×××××ק×Ö·×¡× ×€×ַךקעך ×××š× ×× ×Š×××× ×.
DDM, OAM ××× DLDP
DDM - ××××××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×֞ס××ק ××Öž× ×××֞ך×× ×. ×עש×ַס ×× ×֞׀֌עך×ַ׊××¢ ×€×× ââ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ××Ö·××ש×××, עס ××× ×Öž×€× × ××××ק ×Š× ××Öž× ×××֞ך ×× ×Š×ש××Ö·× × ×€×× ×× ××Öž××××¢ ×××, ××× ××¢××× × ××× ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ק×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×Š× ×××֞ס עס ××× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢×. ×× DDM ×€×× ×§×Š××¢ ×××¢× ××¢××€Ö¿× ××ך ק×֞׀֌ע ××× ××¢× ×ַך××¢×. ××× ×××Ö·× ××××£, ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ×¢× ××ש×Ö·× ××š× ×§×¢× ×¢× ××Öž× ×××֞ך ×× ××¢×׀֌עך×Ö·××ך ×€×× ××¢×עך ××Öž××××¢ ×××֞ס ש×××Š× ××¢× ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×Ö·××××, ×××Ö·× ×××Öž××××××ש ××× ×§×š×Ö·× ×, ××× ××¢××× × ××× ×× ××Ö·×× ×€×× ×× ×עש××§× ××× ××ק×××¢× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ס××× ×Ö·××.
××ַש××¢×××§× ×©×××¢× ××¢×××¢×ס ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ×€×š×עך ××סקך×××× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ×××¢× ××Öž×× ××ך ×Š× ×××©×¢× ×¢×š××× ×Ö· ××¢×©×¢×¢× ×ש ×××× ××× ×€×Ö·×× ×ַך××ס ×× ×€ÖŒ×ַס×ק ק×××.
××ַש××¢×××§× DDM ×¢× ×׀עך ×ךעש××Öž××××
××¢××××× ×××¢×, ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ××¢× ×× ×§×š×Ö·× × ×××Ö·××עס ×€×× ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×¡××€××¢× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס.
×× TP-Link T2600G-28SQ ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×Ö·× ×ַק×××× ×××€× ×§×Öž×Öž××× × ×¡×ס××¢×. ×עך׊×, ××ך ××Öž×× ×§××× ××Öž× ××¢×€ÖŒ××Öž× ××¢×š× ×Öž×××עך××××× × ×€×× SFP ××Ö·××ש××× ××× ××× ××עך ס××××ש×× ×š×¢×× ×Š× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××¢××××ק××Ö·×. ×Öž×עך, ××××, ך××× ××× ××¢×֞ך××¢, ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ××¢×××¢×ק××× ××× ×¢×š××××× (××ש×, ךע×× ×Š× ×¢×××¢××¢ ׀֌ך×Öž×××¢× ×× ×× SFP ××Öž××××¢), ××× ×× ××××£ ×€×× DDM ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×××¢× ×××× ××× × ×Öž×××Ö·×€××× ×€×× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×Ö·××¢× ×ש×Ö·×× ×ע׀עך××¢× ×¡××××ַ׊××¢. ×× ××¢×€×ַך ××Öž, ××Öž×, ××× × ××©× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×××, ×Öž×עך ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ××××Öž×× / ××××עך ×× ×× SFP, ××××Ö·× ×××¢× ×××Ö·× ××¢×׀֌עך×Ö·××ך ×× ×§×š×ס××, ×× ××Ö·×× ×€×× ×× ×××××× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ס××× ×Ö·× ×§×¢× ×××ך×××, ×××֞ס ×××¢× ×€××š× ×Š× ×Ö· ×€×ַךק××¢× ×¢×š× ××× ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ××××שע×.
עס ××× ×××× ×Š× ××××¢×š×§× ××Öž ×Ö·× TP-Link ס××××ש×× ××Öž× × ×× ××Öž×× ×Ö· ×€×ַךק××׀עך ש××֞ס "×€×× ×§×Š××Öž× ×ך×", ××֞ס ×××, ק××× ×§×Ö·××€ÖŒ×Ö·××Ö·××Ö·× SFP ××Ö·××ש××× ××¢× ×¢× ×עש××׊×, ×××֞ס, ×€×× ×§×ךס, ×××¢× ×××× ×××עך ××ַק×××¢× ×€Ö¿×ַך × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ךס.
OAM - ×֞׀֌עך×ַ׊××¢, ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×ַ׊××¢ ××× ××ש×Ö·×× (IEEE 802.3ah). OAM ××× ×Ö· ׊××××××¢ ש××××¢ ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×€×× ×× OSI ××Öž××¢× ×××××× × ×€Ö¿×ַך ××Öž× ×××֞ך×× × ××× ×ך×Öž×××עש×Öž×Öž××× × ×¢×××¢×š× ×¢× × ×¢××××֞ךקס. × ××Š× ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž×, ×× ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ××Öž× ×××֞ך ×× ×€×֞ךש××¢××× × ×€×× ×Ö· ס׀֌ע׊××€×ש קשך ××× ×¢×š×š×֞ךס, ××× ×××©×¢× ×¢×š××× ×Ö·×עךץ ×Ö·××× ×Ö·× ×עך × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×€××š× ×× × ×¢×¥ ×עך ××€×ש×Ö·× ×××.
×קעך××ק OAM סע××Ö·×€ÖŒ
OAM ×€×Ö·× ×קש×Ö·× ×Ö·× ××¢××Ö·××ס׊×××× ×ך×××קע OAM-×¢× ××××Ö·×× ××¢×××סעס ×€ÖŒ×ך××Ö·××ק×× ×××¢×§×¡× ×ַך××ק××¢× ×××š× ×©××§× OAMPDUs, ×××֞ס ק×××¢× ××× ×ך×× ×××׀֌ס: ×× ×€×֞ך××Ö·×××Öž× ×Ö·×, ××¢×©×¢×¢× ×ש × ×Öž×××€×ק×Ö·×××Öž× ××× ×××€ÖŒ××ַקק ק×Öž× ×ך×Öž×. × ××Š× ×× ×€×֞ך×××ש×Ö·× ×Ö·× OAMPDUs, ×ך×××קע ס××××ש×Ö·× ×©××§× ××¢×עך ×× ×עךע ס××Ö·××ס××ש ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢ ××× ××¢××× × ××× ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך-×××€××× × ××Ö·××. ×עך ×××€ÖŒ ×€×× ×Öž× ××Öž× ××× ×××× ××¢× ××Š× ×Š× ××Ö·××× ×Ö· קשך ×××š× ×× OAM ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž×. ××¢×©×¢×¢× ×ש × ×Öž×××€×ק×Ö·×××Öž× ×ַך××ק××¢× ××¢× ×¢× ××¢× ××Š× ×××š× ×× ×§×©×š ××Öž× ×××֞ך×× × ×€×× ×§×Š××¢ ×Š× ××¢×× ×Š× ××××¡× ×× ×× ×עךע ×€ÖŒ×ַך××× ×Ö·× ×€×××××¢×š× ××Öž×× ×€×ך×עק×××¢×. ××Öž×Öž×€ÖŒ××ַקק ק×Öž× ×ך×Öž× ×ַך××ק××¢× ××¢× ×¢× ××¢× ××Š× ×Š× ××¢××¢×§× ×Ö· ש××××£ ××××£ ×Ö· ש×ך×.
×× ×עך ××ך ××ַש××Öž×¡× ×Š× ×š×©××× ×× ××××€ÖŒ× ×€Ö¿×¢×֎ק×××× ×Š××עש××¢×× ×××š× ×× OAM ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž×:
- ס××××××¢ ××Öž× ×××֞ך×× × (×××עקש×Ö·× ××× ×§×Ö·×× ××× × ×€×× ×Š×¢×ך××× ×š×Öž××¢×),
- RFI - ך×××Öž×× ×€×Ö·×××ךע ×× ××ק×Ö·×××Öž× (ש××§× ×Öž× ××Öž× ×€×× ×Ö· ××ך××€×Ö·× ××××£ ××¢× ×§×Ö·× ×Ö·×),
- ך×××Öž×× ×××€ÖŒ××ַקק (ק×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×עס××× × ×Š× ×עס×× ×××××Ö·× ×¡×, ×€×ַך××Ö·××× ××עך×××ש×Ö·× (××ש××עך), × ××עך ×€×× ×€×ַך׀×Ö·×× ×š×Öž××¢×).
×× ×× ×עך ×֞׀֌׊××¢ ×××֞ס ××× ××× ××Öž× ×¢× ××××£ ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ס××××ש×× ××× ×× ×€×××ק××× ×Š× ××¢××¢×§× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×××¢×ס ××××£ ×× ×§×Öž××× ×ק×ַ׊××¢ ק×Ö·× ×Ö·×, ×××֞ס ××××× × ×Š× ×× ×§×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×××¢×š× ×¡×××€ÖŒ×עקס, ××֞ס ×××, ××Ö·×× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×עש××§× ××××× ××× ×××× ×š××××× ×. ××× ××עך ס××××ש×× × ××Š× ×× DLDP - Device Link Detection Protocol ×Š× ××¢××¢×§× ××× ×××ךעק×××Öž× ×Ö·× ×€Ö¿×ַך××× ××× ××¢×. ×Š× ×××× ×©×××, עס ××× ×××× ×Š× ××××¢×š×§× ×Ö·× ×× DLDP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×עש×××Š× ××××£ ×××××¢ ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ××× ×§×׀֌עך ×× ×עך׀××ס××, ×Öž×עך ××× ××× ××עך ×××× ×× ×, עס ×××¢× ×××× ××¢×š×¡× ×€×Öž×קס ×××¢× × ××Š× ×€××ךע ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××ק ש×ך×ת.
×××¢× ×Ö· ×× ×××ךעק×××Öž× ×Ö·× ××× ×§ ××× ×××עק××Ö·×, ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××××Öž××Ö·××ש ×€×ַך××Ö·×× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×××¢××Ö·××ק ׊×××× ×, ×××֞ס ×××¢× ×€××š× ×Š× ×× ×š××××××× × ×€×× ×× STP ×××× ××× ×× × ××Š× ×€×× ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ק×Öž××× ×ק×ַ׊××¢ ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·××.
××× ××× ××עך ×Ö·×š×¡×¢× ×Ö·× ×¢×¡ ××¢× ×¢× SFP ××Ö·××ש××× ×××֞ס ××ַק×××¢× ××× ××עךש××§× ×¡××× ×Ö·×× ×××עך ×××× ×€××ךע. ××× ×ַך××¢×× ×××סש××ס××¢× ××× ×€ÖŒ×¢×š× ××× × ××Š× ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ס××× ×Ö·×× ××× ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ××××××××¢× ××ס ×€Ö¿×ַך ×ך×Ö·× ×¡××ס××¢ ××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך. × ×××ש׀֌×× ××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך TL-SM321A ××× TL-SM321B. ×××¢× × ××Š× ×Ö·××Ö· ××Ö·××ש×××, שע×××§× ×Š× ×××× ×€××ךע ×××¢× ×€××š× ×Š× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×× ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·×××××× ×€×× ×× ××× ×Š×¢ ×Öž×€ÖŒ××ש ק×Ö·× ×Ö·×. ×Öž×עך, ××€××× ××××£ ×Ö·××Ö· ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ×× DLDP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×××¢× ×××× ××× ××Öž× ×¢×, ××××Ö·× ××Öž×ש ××֞ס ××Ö·×€ÖŒ×Ö·× × ××֞ך ך×ַךע××, ×עך ק×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×§×¢× ××Öž×× ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ××ך×××¢×ק××Ö·× ×§×¢×š×ַק×עך×ס××קס ×€Ö¿×ַך ×€×ַךש×××¢× ×¢ ××××××××¢× ××ס. × ×עך ×סת֌×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×××¢× ××× ×Ö·× ×× ×§×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×¡ ××ך×××¢×ק××Ö·× ××עך×× ×××€ÖŒ×¢× ××× × ××××£ ×× ×š××××× × ×€×× ×××× ×€ÖŒ×š×Ö·×€ÖŒ×Ö·×××ש×Ö·×. ×Ö· ךע׀×עק××Öž×ך×Ö·× ×××¢× ××¢××€× ××××¢×§× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž×××¢×ס, ×Öž×עך ××֞ס ××× ×Ö· ××֞ך ×Ö·× ×עךש ×עש××××¢.
LLDP
××× ×ך××ס ×€Ö¿×ך××¢ ×Öž×עך ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך × ×¢××××֞ךקס, ׀֌ך×Öž×××¢×ס ×€ÖŒ×ך××Ö·××ק×× ×××׀ש×××× ××× ×× ×Ö·×ס×Ö·×עס×Ö·× ×¡ ×€×× × ×¢×¥ ××ַק××××¢× ×××ש×Ö·× ×Öž×עך ×× ×ַק×עך×ַס×× ××× ×××Ö·× ×Š××ך××××× ×. × × ×¢×¥ ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך ×§×¢× ×××× ×€×××¡× ××× ×Ö· ס××××ַ׊××¢ ××× ×¢×¡ ××× × ××××ק ×Š× ××¢×€Ö¿×× ×¢× ×××ס ×××֞ס ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך ××סך××× ××× ×ַקש×× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×Š× ×Ö· ××Ö·××× ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ×Š×××× ×. ×× LLDP - Link Layer Discovery Protocol (IEEE 802.1AB) ×××¢× ×§×××¢× ×Š× ×š×Ö·××¢×××¢×.
LLDP ×֞׀֌עך×ַ׊××¢ ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס
××× ××עך ס××××ש×× ×©×××Š× LLDP × ×× ××××× ×Š× ×Ö·× ×××¢×§× ×ך×××קע ס××××ש×× ×Öž×עך ×× ×עךע × ×¢×¥ ××¢×××סעס, ×Öž×עך ×××× ×Š× ××ַש×××¡× ×××עך ק×××€ÖŒ×Ö·××××Ö·×××.
×× ×§×׀֌עך ק×Ö·×× ×¢×š×€ÖŒ×ַךץ ×€×× ××× ××עך ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× × ××Š× LLDP-MED ×Š× ×€×ַך׀֌×֞שע××¢×š× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊ע××ך ×€Ö¿×ַך ק×Ö·× ×¢×§××× × IP ×€×Öž× ×¢×¡. ××××, ××× ××¢× ×֞׀֌׊××¢, ×× PoE ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×€×ַך××Ö·× ×××¢× ××Ö·×× ×€ÖŒ×ַך×Ö·××¢×עךס ××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·××¢×š× ××××. ××ך ××Öž×× ×©××× ×עךע×× ×××¢×× ××¢× ××× ×¢×××¢××¢ ××¢××Ö·× ××× ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ××× ××עך
SDM ××× ×Öž×××עךס×Ö·×סקך×׀֌ש×Ö·×
×ÖŒ××¢× ×Ö·××¢ ××Öž××¢×š× ×¡××××ש×Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊עס ×××× ×€×ך××× ×š×Öž××¢× ××× ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥ ×Öž× × ××Š× ×Ö· ××××€× ×€ÖŒ×š×ַסעסעך. ׀֌ך×ַסעס×× × (ק×Ö·×ק××Ö·×××××× × ×שעקס×Ö·××, ×Ö·×€ÖŒ××××× × ×ַקסעס ךש×××ת ××× ××ך××€××š× ×× ×עךע ×××עך×××× ×שעקס, ××× ××¢××× × ××× ××ַש××××¢× / ך×××× × ××ס××ש×Ö·× ×) ××× ××ך××עק×Öž×× ××× ×¡×€ÖŒ×¢×©×Ö·××××× ×ש×׀֌ס, ×××֞ס ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡××ס××¢ ס׀֌××× ×€×× ××Ö·× ×׊עך ×€×ַךקעך. ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×עך ××סק×ס××¢ ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×€ÖŒ×š×ַסעס×× × ×€×ַךקעך ××× ×××× ×××ק××Ö·×. ××¢× ×××× ×Ö·× ×× ×€×֞ךש××¢××× × ×€×× ×× ×××× ××× ××¢× ×× ×Š× ×©××§× ××Ö·×× ××× ×× ××¢×ס×× ××¢×××¢× ×¡×€ÖŒ××× ××××£ ×Ö·××¢ ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ××× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ׊×××. ×× T2600G-28SQ ××Öž××¢× ××× 24 ××Ö·×× ××× ×§ ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ (×Š× ×××עך×), ×ַ׀֌עך××××× × ××× ×¡×€ÖŒ××× ×€×× 1 ×××× / s, ××× ××¢××× × ××× 4 ××€ÖŒ××× ×§ ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ (×Š× ×× × ×¢×¥ ××ַךץ) ×€×× 10 ×××× / s. ××× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ׊×××, ×× ×€×֞ךש××¢××× × ×€×× ×× ×§×š××Ö·×-×××Öž××ס ××ַש××××¢× ××× 128 ×××× / s, ×××֞ס ××× ××¢× ×× ×Š× ×€ÖŒ×š×֞׊עס ×× ××ַקס×××× ×¡×××¢ ×€×× ââ×× ×§×Ö·××× × ×€×ַךקעך.
×Š× ×××× ×©×××, עס ××× ×××× ×Š× ××××¢×š×§× ×Ö·× ×× ×€×֞ךש××¢××× × ×€×× ×× ×¡××××ש×× × ××Ö·×ך××¥ ××× 95,2 ×××××Öž× ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥ ׀֌עך סעק×× ××¢. ×Ö·× ×××, ×××¢× × ××Š× ×× ××× ×××× ××¢×××¢× ×š×Öž××¢× ××× ×Ö· ××¢× × ×€×× ××××× 64 ×××עס, ×× ××Ö·× ×¥ ×€×֞ךש××¢××× × ×€×× ×× ×××× ×××¢× ×××× 97,5 ×××× / s. ×Öž×עך, ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ×€×ַךקעך ׀֌ך×Öž×€×× ××× ×ÖŒ××¢× ×××××¢×××¢× ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עק×Öž× ×֞׀֌עך×Ö·××֞ך × ×¢××××֞ךקס.
×××֞ס ××× ×Öž×××עךס×Ö·×סקך×׀֌ש×Ö·××× ×× ×עך ××××××ק ×ַך××ס××¢×× ××× ×× ×€×ַך××¢×××¢× ×ש ×€×× ×× ×¡×€ÖŒ××× ×€×× ×ַ׀֌ס×ך×× ××× ××Ö·×× ×¡×ך×× ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× (×Öž××עךס×Ö·×סקך×׀֌ש×Ö·×). ××Öž, ××Öž×, ×Ö·××¥ ××¢×€ÖŒ×¢× ×ס ××××£ ×× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž××. ×××× ×עך ×Ö·×××× ×ס×ך×Ö·××֞ך × ××Š× ×Ö·××¢ ×€×ך 10 GE ×× ×עך׀××ס×× ×Š× ×€×ַך××× ×× ×Š× ×× × ×¢×¥ ××ַךץ ××× ×§×Ö·××××× × ××× ××× LAG (Link Aggregation Group) ×Öž×עך ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×-×ש×Ö·× × ×¢× ××¢×× ×Öž××Öž×××¢, ×× ×¡××Ö·××ס××ש ××ק×××¢× ×××ק××Ö·× ×Š× ×× ××ַךץ ×××¢× ×××× 40 Gbit / s, ×××֞ס ×××¢× ×××× ×עך. ××¢× ×× ×Š× ××ַ׀ך××××§× ×× ××××¢×š×€×¢× ××©× ×€×× ×Ö·××¢ ק×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×××× ×¢× ××. ×עך׊×, עס ××× × ×× × ××××ק ×Ö·× ×Ö·××¢ ×€×ך ××€ÖŒ××× ×§×¡ ×€×ַך××× ×× ×Š× ×××× ×ש×××ת ××××. ×× ×€Ö¿×ַך××× ××× × ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢×××× ×Š× ×Ö· ×Öž× ××××× ×€×× ×¡××××ש××, ×Öž×עך ×Š× ×Š×××× ××¢×××סעס ק×Ö·××××× × ××× ×Ö· ×§× ××× (× ××Š× ××׀֌ק ××¢×× ×Öž××Öž×××¢ ×Öž×עך ×¢× ××¢×). ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·× ×¢×¡ ××× ×§××× ×Öž×××עךס×Ö·×סקך×׀֌ש×Ö·×.
××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× × ××Š× ×Ö·××¢ ×€×ך ××€ÖŒ××× ×§×¡ ס××××Ö·××××× ××ַס×× × ×× ××××× ×××š× ×§×Ö·××××× ×× × ××× ××× LAG. × ×¢× ××¢× ×××ךק×× × ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ×Ö·×ש×××× ×××š× ×š×¢×× ×§×Ö·× ×€×××עך×× × MSTP, ×Öž×עך ××֞ס ××× ×Ö· ××֞ך ×Ö·× ×עךש ×עש××××¢.
×× ×Š××××××¢ ק×Ö·××Ö·× ×× ××¢× ××Š× L2 קשך ×××€Ö¿× ××× ×Š× × ××Š× ×Š×××× ×€×š××Ö· ××Ö·× (×××× ×¢×š ×Š× ××¢×עך ×Ö·××ךע××Ö·×××Öž× ××ַש××××¢×). ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·×, ך××Ö¿ ×סת֌××, ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ×××ך×××Ö·× ×€Ö¿×ַך××× ××× ××¢× ×××¢× ×××× ××€×עש××¢×× ×××š× ×× STP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× (×××¢× ××ך × ××Š× STP ×Öž×עך RSTP). ×Öž××עךס×סקך××€ÖŒ×××Öž× ×××¢× ×××× 5:6.
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