ืึทื ืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก, ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืงืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืงืœืขืคึผื™ืง ืžืึทืงืึทืจืึธื ืขืŸ

ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืก ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ืงืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื–ื™ืš. ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก (ืกื™ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข), ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•ื–, ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื’ืจื™ื™ึทื– ื•ื•ืึธืก Ansible ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ืžืึทื›ืŸ - ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ื˜ื™ื ื’ื– ืึธืŸ ืžืึทืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึธื ืขืก.

ืฆื• ืคืืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืืœืŸ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜, ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืืŸ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืฆื• Ansible ืคืืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ.

ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืึทืžืœืึท ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ, ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ "ืขืคึผืขืก ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืงืจื•ื."

ื˜ื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ

ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื’ืจื™ื™ึทื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืžืื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื–ืื’ื˜. ื ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ: ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืึทืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•, ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื™ืžื“ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื™ืŸ Ansible ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื "ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง?" ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ืกืึทื’ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ื™ื“ ืึทื– "ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ," ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืžื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ "ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืึธืก" ื ืื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ. ืžืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ืคืืจ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื–.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืคึผืขืก ืคึผืฉื•ื˜: ื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก? ืืคึฟืฉืจ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื“ืขื, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคึฟืฉืจ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.

ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข-ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ืฅ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง. ื ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ yml/yaml ืคืึทืจืœืขื ื’ืขืจื•ื ื’, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

---
- hosts: group1
  roles:
    - role1

- hosts: group2,group3
  tasks:
    - debug:

ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง. ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ. ืื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ืฉืคื™ืœ? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง?

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคืึทืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืขืก. ื‘ื™ื’ื™ื ืขืจื– - ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ. ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ - ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ "ื ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืึทืœ ื–ืื›ืŸ". ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜, ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืงืก ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืงืœืึทืก-ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื’.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ: ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง ืื™ื– ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ import_playbook.
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ:

- hosts: group1
  roles:
    - role1

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผื™ืขืกืข:

- hosts: group2,group3
  tasks:
    - debug:

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉืคึผื™ืœ? ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™?

ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืึทืกืึธื•ืฉื™ืึทืฅ ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ืื•ืŸ / ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ delegate_to, ื”ื™ื’ืข ืœื•ืงืึทืคึผ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก, ื ืขืฅ-ืงืœื™-ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก, ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื—ื ื•ืช, ืขื˜ืง. ื–ื™ื™ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ื• ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœื•ื’ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื ื™ืฆื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ื–ืื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ "ืขืคึผืขืก" "ืขืจื’ืขืฅ", ืื™ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข. ื ื™ื˜ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืœืึทื’ื™ื™ืฅ. ืื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืคืขืœื“ ืื™ืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื•ื• ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก / ื˜ืึทืกืงืก - ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ.

ืคึผืฉื•ื˜, ืจืขื›ื˜? ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ?

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืข ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึธืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ "ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึทืœืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ." ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึทืœืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืจืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืค, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืค ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ.

ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื˜ืฉืขื˜ื™ืคึผืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ื– ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืžื—ื ื•ืช (ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ). ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ. ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขืœืขื’ืึทื˜? ืื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื™ืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืœืขืก. ื“ืขืœืขื’ืึทื˜? ืื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ / ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืึท ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ DBMS ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’. ื“ืขืœืขื’ืึทื˜! ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉืืคืŸ ืคืขืœื ื“ื™ืง, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืœืึทื’ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ include_role ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ื™ืฃ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจื™ืงื™ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืŸ include_role ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžืขืจ delegate_to ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ...

ื ื’ื•ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืฉืŸ - ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืจืึธืœืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก "ื˜ื•ื˜ ืึทืœืฅ" - ืคื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืึธืคื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืื•ื™ืก: ืฆื• ืจื™ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืฅ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืฆืŸ.

ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื“ื ื’ืขืฉืขื”ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขื•ืช? ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึทื– ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ "X" ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก X ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก Y ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ "y" ื“ืึธืจื˜, ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’: ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก Y ื˜ื•ื˜ y. ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืฆื• "X", ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืฆืŸ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืึธื“ืขื“ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–.

ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทื’ืจืึทืคืก ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ! ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืจื™ื•ื–ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืจื•ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง-ื•ื•ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก.

ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื• ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ื’ืจื™ื™ึทื– ืœืขืจืงืก. ืึท ื˜ืขื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืœื˜ ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื™ืขืงื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืœืขืจืึทื‘ืœื™ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ (ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœืฅ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ) ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืจื•ื™ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก. ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืึธื˜ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก.

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื™ื–: ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ ื”ืื˜ ืจื•ื™ื ื“ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ื–ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ืกื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžืื›ื˜?

ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง, ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜. ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžืื›ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก (ืžืขืจ ื’ืขื ื•ื™, ืขืก ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข) ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื—ื ื•ืช.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื“ืขืœืขื’ืึทื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก ืฆื• ืึท ืจืึธืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช, ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืžื™ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš (ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผืึทืจื™ื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“) ืฆื• ืึท ืฆืึธืจืขื“ื™ืง ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ. ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ. ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื˜ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜.

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืขืก ื’ืขืคืขืจืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ืŸ Ansible ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก COBOL ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ Ansible, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึท. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืฆื˜, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš - ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื™ื ื“ืขืœื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื. ื•ื•ื™ ื ืืจ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ "ืฉืคื•ืจืŸ" ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉื ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืื™ื– ืืœืขืก ืื•ื•ืขืง.

ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ืžื™ืฉ: ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื“ืข ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ. ืขืกืŸ delegate_to ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ื ื™ืฆื˜. ืขืกืŸ meta: end host/play. ืึธื‘ืขืจ! ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก? ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ delegate_to. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ืงืึธื“. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ, ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ, ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’, ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืึทืžืึธืœ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ:

ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื“ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื”ืึทื ื“ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืขื’ื ืขืจืฉืึทืคื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืข. ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื•ื•ืก ืจืึธืœืข ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช.

ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก

ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ:

- hosts: somegroup
  pre_tasks:
    - some_tasks1:
  roles:
     - role1
     - role2
  post_tasks:
     - some_task2:
     - some_task3:

ื–ืืœ ืก ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืคืึธืึธ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ foo: name=foobar state=present. ื•ื•ืื• ื–ืืœ ืื™ืš ื“ืืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ? ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ? ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ? ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข?

...ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืื‘ืŸ?

ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก - ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืœืึธื–ื  ืฉื•ื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืฅ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ "ืฉืึทืงื™".

ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ืœ: ื”ืึธืกืฅ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•, ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™_ื˜ืึทืกืงืก, ื˜ืึทืกืงืก, ืจืึธืœืขืก, ืคึผืึธืกื˜_ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื™ ืจื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืฆื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก: pre_tasks, roles, tasks, post_tasks. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืกืขืžืึทื ื˜ื™ืงืึทืœืœื™ ื“ืขืจ ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ tasks ะธ roles ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืœืึธืจ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืกื™ื– ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ tasks, ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ roles... ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืก roles, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึทืœืข ืึทื˜ืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– pre_tasks/post_tasks.

ืขืก ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื ืึธืจ, ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืกืขืžืึทื ื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืœืึธืจ: ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ pre_tasks, then roles, then post_tasks.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื: ื•ื•ื• ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืจื•ืคืŸ? foo ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ? ืฆื™ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืจืึธืœืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข? ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ืง ืจืึธืœืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืฅ? ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข, ื•ื•ื• ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ - ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ?

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื–ืึทื ื“ื™ื“ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึฟืจืื’ืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข "ืฉืึทืงื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช." ื–ืืœ ืก ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืก. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืงืฉื™ื: ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื”ืื˜ pre_tasks ะธ post_tasks (ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืขืก), ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืขืคึผืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ post_tasks ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืึทืš ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ pre_tasks?

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ืฅ ืึทื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜?

... ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก. ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื– ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึทืงื˜: ืึทืœืข ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืœืึทืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ื ืึธืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’. ื™ืขื ืข. ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ pre_tasks, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“. ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“. ื ืึธืš post_tasks ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒืขืจืข ื”ืขื ื“ืœืขืจ.

ืื–ื•ื™, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืฉืœืขืคึผืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ post_tasks ะฒ pre_tasks, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทื˜ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœื™ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ pre_tasks ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’ื•ืจื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ post_tasks ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืขืก, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ pre_tasks ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ "ืฉื™ืงืŸ" ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ pre_tasks ะธ post_tasks? ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก) ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืœืคื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข. ื post_tasks ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืึธืœืขืก (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก).

ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–. meta: flush_handlers, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืคืœื•ืฉ_ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ื  ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ? ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ืึท: ืคืœื•ืฉ_ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืขืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื•ืžื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ื˜ื™ื ื’ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก, ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืจื ื™ื ื’ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ when ัƒ block ืืื–"ื• ื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท "ื˜ืจื™ืงื™" ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’. ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ - ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคืึทืจ / ืจืึธืœืขืก / ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ - ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื–.

ืื•ืŸ, ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ 'ืคื•'. ื•ื•ื• ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืขืก? ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ, ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืขืก? ื“ืึธืš, ื“ืึธืก ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื™ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึธืึธ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜, ืคืึธืึธ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ - ื“ื™ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ - ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื "ืจืึธืœืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜" ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ - ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ื“ืึธืจื˜, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื˜ืึทืกืงืก. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข (ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜). ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึทื– ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜.

ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ Ansible ื’ื™ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืก ืฆื• ืคึผืึธื ืขื ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง ืคืจืื’ืขืก.

ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก (ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™)

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง. ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคืึธืึธ, ื‘ืึทืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–. ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืจืึธืœืขืก? ืฆื• ืกืึทืžืขืจื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื: ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื•ื ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก? ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก?... ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืจืึธืœืข?

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก (ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื) ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ืึท ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืก ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง. ื•ื•ื™ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึท ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจื™ืง ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’? ืขืก ืึทืงืกืขืคึผืฅ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ืึทืจื’ื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ, ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื˜ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืจื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜.

ืื™ืฆื˜, ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ึทื˜. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืข? ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืกื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืจื•ืคืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืขืกืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข Ansible - ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ. ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช? ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ. ืื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ "ืคืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืก" - ืึทื– ืก ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ืจืึธืœืข. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืจืก ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืข. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืงืก (set_fact/register). ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ "ื”ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–". ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ "ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜" ืื•ืŸ "ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืก".

ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื: ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ืŸ Ansible ืึธืŸ ืงืึธื–ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ. ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืึท ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื– unsafe. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ Ansible ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข. ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜: ื ื™ืฉื˜ "ืคืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืข", ืึธื‘ืขืจ "ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื ื™ืฆื˜". ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก.

ื’ืึทื ืฅ: ืึท ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืข? ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื”ืื˜ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก (/default/main.yaml), ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก, ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื”ืื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขืจื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืขืก.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื ืขืคื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก? ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืจืึทืžื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ Maslow, Ansible ืก ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืžื˜ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืคึผืจื™ื™ืึธืจืึทื˜ื™ื–, ืจืึธืœืข ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง-ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ (ืžื™ื ื•ืก ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืฉื•ืจื” ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก). ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธืจื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืจื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ืึธืจื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืจืขื›ื˜ ืึธืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ. (ืื™ืš ืœื™ื’ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ |d(your_default_here), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืขืจื™ ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืจืึธืœืข ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ).

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืื™ื– ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืขืก? ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืงืึทื˜ืึทืœืึทื’ื–. ื“ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขืจื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจื“ื™ืง (ื“"ื” ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ (ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื™-ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ - include_vars ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ {{ ansible_distribution }}-{{ ansible_distribution_major_version }}.yml.). ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขืจื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ files/, templates/. ืื•ื™ืš, ืขืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก (library/). ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง (ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขื), ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื ื•ืฅ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึทืžืคึผื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืคืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคืŸ.

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ: ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ื™ื•ื– (ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืึทืœืึทืงืกื™). ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืจืึธืœืข ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ.

ืื–ื•ื™, ืจืึธืœืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ: ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ (ืึท ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš) ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“.

ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืงืฉื™ื: ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก? ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ "ืงืœื™ื™" ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ / ื ืึธืš ืจืึธืœืขืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ึท ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“). ื ื”ื•ื™ืคืŸ ื ืืจืžืืœืข ืื•ื™ืคื’ืื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืืœืขืก ืื™ื– ืืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืืงื•ื•ืขืžืœื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜. ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื“ื›ื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื ื•ืกื— - ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข. ืจืึธืœืขืก ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ, ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ. ื•ืกื•ืึทืœืœื™, ืžืขืจ "ืกื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืขืจื™" (ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜) ืงืึธื“ ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื’ื–ื™ืœื™ืขืจื™ ืกืงืจื™ืคึผืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืกื˜ื™ืœ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืจื˜_ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก.

ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ืจืึธืœืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืคื™ืจ ืจืึธืœืขืก, ืจืึธืœืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื“ื•ืจืš galaxy.yml, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš. include_role - ืื™ืš ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืกืงื™ืœื– ืื™ืŸ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื’ื™ืžื ืึทืกื˜ื™ืง.

ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก

ื–ืืœ ืก ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ื–ืึทืš: ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก. ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืึท ืงื•ื ืกื˜. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืœืขืคึผืŸ?

ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก, ื“ืึธ ืก ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ:

- hosts: group1
  tasks:
    - foo:
      notify: handler1
  handlers:
     - name: handler1
       bar:

ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ rolename/handlers/main.yaml. ื›ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืจื•ืžื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ: ืคืึทืจ / ืคึผืึธืกื˜_ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืจืึธืœืข ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืจืึธืœืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, "ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–-ืจืึธืœืข" ืจื•ืคื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ ืจื™ืคึผื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื ื™ืฉื˜ื™ืง ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ. (ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืกื™ื– ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ).

ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ (ืื™ื“ืขืžืคึผืึธื˜ืึทื ื˜ืœื™) (ืคึผืœื•ืก / ืžื™ื ื•ืก ื˜ืึทื’ืก ืื•ืŸ when), ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ - ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ( ื’ืขื‘ื  ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคื™ืจืขืก ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ). ื•ื•ืืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืก? ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ. ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืงืขืŸ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜? ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืคึผืขืก ืฆืขื‘ืจืื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืขืจืขืจืึทืœื™ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ. ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืก, ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’.

ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื“ (ืžืขืจ ื’ืขื ื•ื™, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขืงืข ืคืœืึทื’ืก, ืืื–"ื• ื•, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ 'ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทื ืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ' ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื). ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข: ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ืขืก .service-ื˜ืขืงืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืขืก daemon_reload ะธ state=started. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืึธืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึทืกืงืœื™ืกื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืœืข, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ื™ื™ื“ืขืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื‘ื•ืš ืฆืขื‘ืจืื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึทืœืข (ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ื“ืขืžืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืกื™ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ = ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“, ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืึธืึธืงืก ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื–, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื“ื™ืงืจื™ืกืึทื–.

ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ positive ืคืึทืจืžืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ - ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืข ืกืงื™ืคึผื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ - ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ื ืขื’ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคืึทืจืžืึธื’ - ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผืึธ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ืขืึทืจืœื™ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ, ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ, ื“"ื”. ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื‘ืื“ื™ื ื’ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ - ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืึทืจืขืœื™. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ื™ืืจ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืš, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืžืึธืœ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.

ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ื  ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืœื™ื™ืฃ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–? ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื˜ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืึทืœ, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ.

... ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืฉื™ื™ืŸ (ืึธืŸ ืคืจื™ืœื–) ืึธืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™.

ื“ืขืจ ืงืขืจืึธื•ืกื™ื•ื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทืกื˜ listenืึทื– ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ, ืึทื– ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืจื˜_ื˜ืึทืกืงืก (ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ_ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜_ื™ื˜ืขืžืก), ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ืŸ Ansible ืื™ื– ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’-ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขื˜ืข, ืึทื– ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ืข_ืจืึธืœืข ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืขืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื›ื•' .ื“. - ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืงืœืืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ "ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก").

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ WTF ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืึท ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ืžื™ื˜ delegate_to ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื  ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ืึธืŸ delegate_to, ื“.ื”. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ื•ื•ื• ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ื– ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื“. (ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ delegate_to ื–ืขืœื‘ืข).

ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจื™ื•ื–ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืจืึธืœืขืก. ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืจืึธืœืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ansible-galaxy install ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ. ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’: ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทืกืข include_vars, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ 100500 ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืžื“ ืฆื• ืชื”ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืœ ืคืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื’ื–. ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทืกื™ื•ื• ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืจื˜ืขืกื™ืึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ "ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืกื™ื ืขืจื™ืึธื•ื– ื‘ืื“ืขืงื˜." ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคื™ืœ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ืœื™ื ืขืึทืจ (ืกื™ืงืœืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™ 1).

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจืข ืื•ื™ื‘ (ืขืงืกืคึผืœื™ืกื™ืจื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืงืœืึทืจืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข - ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื when ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืขื include_vars ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–), ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข. ืžืืœ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจืข ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึทืœืึทืงืกื™ (ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜!) ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ when ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ "ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืก ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ" ืจืึธืœืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก. ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึทืœืึทืงืกื™ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก. ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ื‘ืจื™ื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื—ืฉื“ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ "ืจืึธืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึทืœืึทืงืกื™". ืื™ืจ ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทื ื–, ืึทื›ื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ when'ืึธื•ื• ... ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืก. ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ 5 ื˜ืึทืกืงืก, ืึท ืœื™ื ืขืึทืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ

  • ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ืึธืจื™, ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, host_group_vars ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ืŸ, hostvars. ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื ื“ ืึท ื’ืึธืจื“ื™ืึทืŸ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืกืคึผืึทื’ืขื˜ื™. ืคืึทืจื ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื™ื“ืึทื ืก ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, ืึทื ืกื™ื‘ืœืข ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ. "ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืงืจืึธื ื“ื™ ื ืืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก?"
  • jinja: {{ jinja }} - ื ืึธืกืงืœ ื ืึธื˜ื™ืคึผืข ื ืึธื–ื ืึทืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ื™ืกื™ืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื•ื• ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืขืก. ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ !!unsafe ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง ื™ืึทืžืœ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš ื”ืึธืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืžื™ื˜ DDoS ืฉื•ืฅ, VPS VDS ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ๐Ÿ”ฅ ืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ืคืึทืจืœืขืกืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืขื‘ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืึธืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ DDoS ืฉื•ืฅ, VPS VDS ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก | ProHoster