ืคึผืจืึธื”ืึธืกื˜ืขืจ > ื‘ืœืึธื’ > ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข

ื˜ืขืžืข: ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข

ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืข ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ

ืกื™ืกืงืึธ ื”ื™ืคึผืขืจืคืœืขืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžืึทืกืข ื“ื‘ืžืก

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ Cisco Hyperflex. ื“ืึธืก ืžืึธืœ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ Cisco Hyperflex ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ Oracle ืื•ืŸ Microsoft SQL DBMSs, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื–. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืคึผืขืจืคืœืขืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก [โ€ฆ]

CRM ++

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื ืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืึทืš. ื˜ืึทืงืข, ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ: ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืขื ื˜ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–, ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืงืขืœื™ื”ืึธืึธื“ ืึทื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคื™ื™ืœื–, ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–. ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืจื™ืคึผื™ื˜ื™ื“ืœื™ ื’ืขืคึผืœืึธื ื˜ืขืจื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ืื™ืŸ ืึธืคื™ืก ื•ื™ืกืจื™ื›ื˜, ืงืึทืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึทื“ื’ืขืฅ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ [โ€ฆ]

ื•ื•ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื–, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ?

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ื”ืขืœื ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ! ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืขืจืขื•ื• ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ืจืก "ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืจ", ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ. ืžื–ืœ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ. ื ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืจื™ืข ื›ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืขืก ืฉืœืขืคึผืŸ ืื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชื”ื•ื. ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื’ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ [...]

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ 2.0 - ืคืจื™ื™ึท, ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืขืจืฉืขืจ

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ื”ืขืœื ืงื”ืœ! ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืื™ 18, ืึท ื–ื™ืฆื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ืขืฅ ืคื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืก ืฆืึทืจื™ืฆื™ื ืึธ ืคึผืึทืจืง. ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืฆืขื ืข: ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทืกื˜ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ืขืฅ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ HTTPS ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืขืคึผืกื™ื˜ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ืขืฅ, ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ื ืขืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ I2P ื ืขืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ . ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื–ืื›ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ. 1) [โ€ฆ]

ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ VRRP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

FHRP (First Hop Redundancy Protocol) ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™. ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก. ื“ื™ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทื“ืจืขืก. ื ืคืจื™ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืื™ื– ื“ื™ VRRP (ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื•ื ื“ืึทื ืกื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ). [โ€ฆ]

VMware EMPOWER 2019 - ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื˜ืขืžืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ืฆื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืื™ 20-23 ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืกื‘ืึธืŸ

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื“ืงืึทืกื˜ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ Habrรฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื˜ืขืœืขื’ืจืึทื ืงืึทื ืึทืœ. / ืคืึธื˜ืึธ ื“ื•ืจืš Benjamin Horn CC BY EMPOWER 2019 ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื™ืขืจืœืขืš ื‘ืึทื’ืขื’ืขื ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ VMware ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื ืขืจืก. ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขืจ ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉ - VMworld - ืึท ื–ื™ืฆื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื™ื ืึธื•ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IT ืจื™ื– (ืื’ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ื‘ืœืึธื’ ืžื™ืจ ื™ื’ื–ืึทืžืึทื ื“ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ). [โ€ฆ]

ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ-ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข Bash ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ -o xtrace ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืจื™ืคื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’, ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ -o ืขืจืจืขืงืกื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ืขื•ืช, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ -o ืขืจืจื•ื ืกืขื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื ื’ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜. ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก. ืžืืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทื ืึทืก, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืืžืœื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืึธ [โ€ฆ]

ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขืœืขืงืึธื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ืื‘ืื ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ื™ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ื–

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ะ‘ั€ะธั‚ะฐะฝัะบะธะต ะฟั€ะพะฒะฐะนะดะตั€ั‹ ัƒัะปัƒะณ ั„ะธะบัะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะฝั‹ั… ั‚ะตะปะตั„ะพะฝะฝั‹ั… ะธ ะธะฝั‚ะตั€ะฝะตั‚-ัะตั‚ะตะน ะธ ะทะฐะบะปัŽั‡ะธะปะธ ัะพะณะปะฐัˆะตะฝะธะต โ€” ะบะฐะถะดั‹ะน ะฐะฑะพะฝะตะฝั‚ ะฑัƒะดะตั‚ ะฐะฒั‚ะพะผะฐั‚ะธั‡ะตัะบะธ ะฟะพะปัƒั‡ะฐั‚ัŒ ะฝะฐ ัั‡ั‘ั‚ ะบะพะผะฟะตะฝัะฐั†ะธัŽ. ะŸะพะฒะพะดะพะผ ะดะปั ะฒั‹ะฟะปะฐั‚ ัั‚ะฐะปะธ ะทะฐะดะตั€ะถะบะธ ะฟั€ะธ ะฐะฒะฐั€ะธะนะฝะพะผ ั€ะตะผะพะฝั‚ะต ะธะฝั„ั€ะฐัั‚ั€ัƒะบั‚ัƒั€ั‹. / Unsplash / Nick Fewings ะšั‚ะพ ัƒั‡ะฐัั‚ะฒัƒะตั‚ ะฒ ะธะฝะธั†ะธะฐั‚ะธะฒะต ะธ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะฐััŒ ะ’ะฒะตัั‚ะธ ะฐะฒั‚ะพะผะฐั‚ะธั‡ะตัะบะธะต ะฒั‹ะฟะปะฐั‚ั‹ ั‡ะฐัั‚ะฝั‹ะผ ะปะธั†ะฐะผ ะทะฐ ัะปะธัˆะบะพะผ ะดะพะปะณะธะน ั€ะตะผะพะฝั‚ ัะตั‚ะตะน ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดัƒ ะฟั€ะตะดะปะพะถะธะปะฐ [โ€ฆ]

ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ืงืึทืžืฃ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืฆืขื ื–ื•ืจ: ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืฅ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ MIT ืื•ืŸ Stanford ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ 2010 ืก, ืึท ืฉืœืึธืก ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื ืคึฟืึธืจื“ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜, ื“ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืกืกืึทื˜ืฉื•ืกืขื˜ืฅ, ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืจ ืคึผืจืึธื™ืขืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ SRI International ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืฆืขื ื–ื•ืจ. ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกืฅ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืกื™ื ื’ ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืฅ ืคืจืืงืกื™. ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืขืกืึทื ืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’. ื”ืงื“ืžื” [โ€ฆ]

ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ืง ืงืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืžืขืœืขืš ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก - ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ืจืขืงื•ื•ืึทื–ืึทืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. / ืคืึธื˜ืึธ ื™ื‘ื ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ CC BY-ND ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื? ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื•ื•ื™ืฅ. ื–ื™ื™, ื ื™ื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš ืงืœืืกื™ืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ 0 ืื•ืŸ 1 [โ€ฆ]

ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืœืขืกืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึทืงืก

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืœืขืกืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขืฆื™ื™ืขืš ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืคืืจื‘ื™ื™ ื’ืึทื ื’. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ ืก ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืœืขืกืก ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืึธืœืข ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืœืขืกืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ. ืฆื•ื ืกื•ืฃ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื•ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืจืขืจืœืขืกืก. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึทืŸ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจืึธื). [โ€ฆ]

ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ื™ื›ืขืจืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืงืก ืฆื• 800 ื’ื‘ื™ื˜ / s: ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ะžะฟัƒะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ

ื˜ืขืœืขืงืึธืžืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ื•ื™ืกืจื™ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ Ciena ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื™ื‘ืจืข ืฆื• 800 ื’ื‘ื™ื˜ / s. ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ - ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข. ืคืึธื˜ืึธ - Timwether - CC BY-SA ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืžืขืจ ืคื™ื‘ืจืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื•ืจ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื•ืœื™ืคืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื ื’ืก ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก - ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขืกื˜ืึทืžืึทืฅ, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ 50 ื‘ื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ [โ€ฆ]

ยซืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 ืฆื•ื ืกื•ืฃ "