××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ××¢×€Ö¿×× ×¢× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ××Ö·×¥ ×€×× ××Ö·×עך××Ö·×ס ×××¢×× ×× RSTP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××××£ ×עך ××× ××¢×š× ×¢×¥. ××× ××¢× ×ַך××ק×, ××× ×€×֞ךש××Öž×× ×Š× ×€×ַך××××Ö·×× ×× RSTP ׀֌ך×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×š×ַ׀֌ך×××Ö·××¢×š× ×€ÖŒ×š×Öž××֞ק×Öž× ×€Ö¿××
ךס××€ÖŒ ×××€ÖŒ××¢××¢× ××Ö·×××Öž× ××¢××Ö·××ס
×××עך×××ק
ק×Ö·× ××עך××ש×Ö·× ×¡ ׊××× â 1-10 ס
××¢×××¢× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž××עס â ק×××
עס ××× ××××××× ××¢×××××× ×Ö·× RSTP ××××× ×Ö·××Ö·×× ×¡××××ש×× ×Š× ×××× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ××× ×Ö· ך×× ×:
×Öž×עך RSTP ×Ö·××Ö·×× ××ך ×Š× ×€×ַך××× ×× ×¡××××ש×× ××× ×§××× ×××¢× ××ך ×××××. ×€Ö¿×ַך ×××ַש׀֌××, RSTP ×§×¢× ×¢× ×©×¢×€ÖŒ× ××¢× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž××.
×ַ׀֌עך××××× × ×€ÖŒ×š×× ×Š××€ÖŒ
RSTP ך×Ö·××ס×Ö·× ×§××× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž×× ×Š× ×Ö· ××××. ×××× ×¢×š ×€×× ×× ×¡××××ש×× ×××¢×š× ×עך ×Š×¢× ×עך ×€×× ×עך ××Ö·×€ÖŒ×Ö·××Ö·×××©× - ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×. ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×§×ַך×× ×× ××¢×š×¡× ××Ö·×× ×××š× ×××.
×× ×ַ׀֌עך××××× × ×€ÖŒ×š×× ×Š××€ÖŒ ×€×× RSTP ××× ××× ××××:
- ××Ö·×× ××× ×¡×Ö·×€ÖŒ×××× ×Š× ×× ×¡××××ש××;
- ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×××ס×עק××××;
- ×× ×š××¢× ×¡××××ש×Ö·× ××ַש××××¢× ×× ×€×ַס××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×Š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×;
- ×× ×š××¢× ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× ××€×עש××¢×× ××× ×××¢×š× ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ.
סע×עק×××š× ××¢× ×××Öž×š×Š× ×¡××××ש
ס××××ש×Ö·× ××× RSTP ×××¢×§×¡× BPDU ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥. × BPDU ××× ×Ö· סעך×××ס ×€ÖŒ×ַק×Ö·× ×××֞ס ×ÖŒ××× RSTP ××× ×€Ö¿×֞ך××ַ׊××¢. BPDU ק××× ××× ×Š×××× ×××׀֌ס:
- ק×Öž× ×€×××ך×Ö·×××Öž× BPDU.
- ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž×× ××××©× ×Öž× ××Öž×.
ק×Öž× ×€×××ך×Ö·×××Öž× BPDU ××× ××¢× ××Š× ×Š× ××××¢× ×× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž××. ××××× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×¡×¢× ×× ×¢×¡. ק×Öž× ×€×××ך×Ö·×××Öž× BPDU ×ÖŒ×××:
- ×¡×¢× ×עך ש××Ö·× (×ך×ק ש××Ö·×);
- ×××Öž×š×Š× ×ך×ק ש××Ö·×;
- ××××¢× ×××€×׊××š× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×€×× ×××֞ס ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×ַק×Ö·× ××× ×עש××§× (×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×©××Ö·×);
- ׀֌ך××Ö·× ×€×× ×עך ××ַךשך×× ×Š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× (×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×֞ס×).
××¢×עך ××ַש××××¢× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×©××§× ×Ö· ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž×× ××××©× ×Öž× ××Öž×. ××× ××¢× ×¢× ×עש××§× ×××¢× ×× ××Öž×€ÖŒ×Öž××Öž×× ×¢× ×עך×× ××¢×.
× ×Öž× ×¡××××ש×× × ××××£, ×Ö·××¢ ס××××ש×× ××Ö·×ך×Ö·××× ××× ××× ×××Öž×š×Š× ×¡××××ש××. ××× ×Öž× ××××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡××××× × BPDU ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥. ××× ××Ö·×× ××× ×Ö· ס××××ש ××ק××× ×Ö· BPDU ××× ×Ö· × ××עך×קעך ×ך×ק ID ××× ×××× ×××××¢× ×¢, עס ×××× ××× × ×× ×עך ××× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×.
×ך×ק ש××Ö·× ××ש×××× ×€×× ×Š×××× ×××Ö·××עס - MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ××× ×ך×ק ××××עךק××Ö·×. ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× × ××©× ××××©× ×× MAC ×Ö·×ךעס. ×ך×ק ׀֌ך×××֞ך×Ö·×× ×××š× ×€×¢××ק××Ö·× ××× 32768. ×××× ××ך ××Öž× × ×× ××××©× ×ך×ק ׀֌ך×××֞ך×Ö·××, ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×× ××Öž××Ö·×¡× ×עק ×Ö·×ךעס ×××¢× ×××¢×š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×. ×עך ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×עך ק××¢× ×¡×עך MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ××× ×× ×Öž××××Ö·×¡× ××× ×§×¢× × ××©× ×××× ×× ××¢×š×¡× ×€ÖŒ×¢×š×€×֞ך××× ×. עס ××× ×š×¢×§×Ö·××¢× ××× ×Š× ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ××¢×€×× ××š× ×× ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×€×× ×××× ××Ö·×€ÖŒ×Ö·××Ö·××ש×. ×Š× ××Öž× ××֞ס, ××ך ××Ö·×š×€Ö¿× ×Š× ×§×Ö·× ×€×××עך ×Ö· ק×××× ×ך×ק ××××עךק××Ö·× (××ש×, 0) ××××£ ×× ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×. ××ך ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××¢×€×× ××š× ×Ö· ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×××š× ××¢×× ×¢×¡ ×Ö· ×××¡× ××¢×עך ×ך×ק ××××עךק××Ö·× (××ש×, 4096).
סע×עק×××š× ××¢× ××š× ×Š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×
×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ×¡×¢× ×× BPDU ×€ÖŒ×ַק××¥ ×Š× ×Ö·××¢ ×ַק×××× ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ. ×× BPDU ××× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×Öž×¡× ×€×¢××. ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×Öž×¡× ××× ×Öž××¥ ×× ×€ÖŒ×š××Ö·× ×€×× ××¢× ×ך×. ×× ××¢×עך ×× ×€ÖŒ×š××Ö·× ×€×× ××¢× ×ך×, ×× ×עך עס × ×¢×× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×× ×€ÖŒ×ַק×Ö·× ×Š× ×××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××××¢×. ×××¢× ×Ö· BPDU ×€ÖŒ×ַס×× ×××š× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×, ×Ö· ׀֌ך××Ö·× ××× ××ס××£ ×Š× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×Öž×¡× ×€×¢××. ×עך ׊×××¢××××× × ××עך ××× ×עך××€× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×§×֞ס.
××ס××£ ×Ö· ×××עך ×××¢×š× ×Š× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×֞ס ×××¢× ×Ö· BPDU ×€ÖŒ×ַס×× ×××š× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×. ×× ×××¢×š× ×××֞ס ××ס××£ ××× ×עך××€× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×§×֞ס ××× ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××ש×××¡× ×Öž×עך ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×Öž×עך ×××××Öž××Ö·××ש. ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×§×֞ס ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××ש×××¡× ×Öž×עך ××Ö·× ×××Ö·×× ×Öž×עך ×××××Öž××Ö·××ש.
×××¢× ×Ö· × ××-×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×¢×××¢××¢ ×Öž×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·×ס ×Š× ×עך ×××֞ך׊×, עס ×ש×××× ×× ×€×ַס××Ö·×¡× ×××× ×¢×š. עס ק×Ö·××€ÖŒ×¢×š× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×֞ס ×€×× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·×ס. ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×€×× ×××֞ס ×× BPDU ×עק×××¢× ××× ×× ××Öž××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×§×֞ס ×××¢×š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×.
×× ×§×֞ס ×€×× ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ×××֞ס ××¢× ×¢× ×ַס××× × ×××××Öž××Ö·××ש ×§×¢× ×¢× ×××× ××××× ××× ×× ××ש:
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××Ö·×× ×§×ךס
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×€ÖŒ×š××Ö·×
10 ××/ס
×§×¡× ××קס ×§×¡× ××קס ×§×¡× ××קס
100 ××/ס
200 000
1 Gb / s
20 000
10 Gb / s
2 000
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×š×Öž×עס ××× ×¡××Ö·××סעס
ס××××ש ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ××Öž×× ×¢×××¢××¢ ס××Ö·××סעס ××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×š×Öž×עס.
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×¡××Ö·××סעס (×€Ö¿×ַך STP):
- ×€×ַךקך××€ÖŒ×× - ×× ×ַק××××.
- ×××ַק×× × - ××ס×Ö·× × ×Š× BPDU, ×Öž×עך ××× × ××©× ××עךש×ק×. ××× × ××©× ×ַך××עך׀××š× ××Ö·××.
- ׊×××¢××¢×š× - ××¢×š× ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU. ××× × ××©× ×ַך××עך׀××š× ××Ö·××.
- ××¢×š× ×¢× - ××ס×Ö·× × ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU. ׀֌ךע׀֌×ַךעס ×€Ö¿×ַך ××Ö·×× ×ַך××עך׀××š× - ×€ÖŒ××Öž××××š× ×× MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ××ש.
- ×€×֞ך××עך××× × - ×€×֞ך××עך×× ××Ö·××, ××ס×Ö·× × ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU.
STP ק×Ö·× ××עך××ש×Ö·× ×¡ ׊××× ××× 30-50 סעק×× ×עס. × ×Öž× ×××ס××¢×ך××× ××××£ ×× ××ַש××××¢×, ×Ö·××¢ ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ×××× ×××š× ×Ö·××¢ ס××Ö·××סעס. ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××××× ××× ××¢×עך ס××Ö·××ס ×€Ö¿×ַך ×¢×××¢××¢ סעק×× ×עס. ×עך ×ַ׀֌עך××××× × ×€ÖŒ×š×× ×Š××€ÖŒ ××× ×××֞ס STP ××× ×Ö·××Ö· ×Ö· ××Ö·× × ×§×Ö·× ××עך××ש×Ö·× ×¡ ׊×××. RSTP ××× ××××× ×קעךע ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×©××Ö·××.
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×¡××Ö·××סעס (×€Ö¿×ַך RSTP):
- ××סק×ַך××× × - ×× ×ַק××××.
- ××סק×ַך××× × - ××ס×Ö·× × ×Š× BPDU, ×Öž×עך ××× × ××©× ××עךש×ק×. ××× × ××©× ×ַך××עך׀××š× ××Ö·××.
- ××סק×ַך××× × - ××ס×Ö·× × ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU. ××× × ××©× ×ַך××עך׀××š× ××Ö·××.
- ××¢×š× ×¢× - ××ס×Ö·× × ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU. ׀֌ךע׀֌×ַךעס ×€Ö¿×ַך ××Ö·×× ×ַך××עך׀××š× - ×€ÖŒ××Öž××××š× ×× MAC ×Ö·×ךעס ××ש.
- ×€×֞ך××עך××× × - ×€×֞ך××עך×× ××Ö·××, ××ס×Ö·× × ××× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××× BPDU.
- ××× RSTP, ×× ××ס×Ö·×××¢×, ×××ַק×× × ××× ××ס××¢× ×× × ×¡××Ö·××ס ××¢× ×¢× ×§×Ö·××××× × ××× ×××× - ××סק×ַך××× ×.
×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×š×Öž×עס:
- ×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× - ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××š× ×××֞ס ××Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××××¢×. עס סעך××עס ××× ×× ×€×ַס××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×Š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×.
- ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× - ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××š× ×××֞ס ××Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××××¢×. ×××€××× × ×€Ö¿×ַך ××¢×עך ××Ö·× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ××.
- ×Ö·×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××××¢ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× - ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××š× ×××֞ס ××Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× × ××©× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××××¢×. עס ××× ×Ö·× ×Öž×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××× ×××¢× ×Š× ×עך ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×.
- ××ַקק××€ÖŒ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× - ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××š× ×××֞ס ××Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× × ××©× ×ך×Ö·× ×¡×××××¢×. עס ××× ×Ö· ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ××š× ×€Ö¿×ַך ×Ö· ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× ××× ×××× ×¢×š RSTP-×¢× ××××Ö·×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×©××× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢×. ××ַקק××€ÖŒ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ××¢× ××Š× ×××× ×Š×××× ××ַש××××¢× ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×Š× ×××× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× (××××¢× ×¢× ××Ö·×).
- ×€×ַךקך××€ÖŒ×× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× - RSTP ××× ×€×ַךקך××€ÖŒ×× ××××£ ××¢× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×.
×× ×ך××š× ×€×× ×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ××סקך×××× ×××××. ××× ××× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××ס×עק××××?
עךש×עך ×€×× ×Ö·××¢, ××Öž×× ×¡ ××¢×€×× ××š× ×××֞ס ×Ö· ××Ö·× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× ×××. ×× ××Ö·× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× ××× ×Ö· ׊×× ××׀ש×××ס ×€×¢××. ×€Ö¿×ַך ×Ö· ××ַש××××¢× ×Öž×עך ך×Ö·××עך, ××¢×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×€×ך××¢× ×Ö· ××Ö·××× ×עך ׊×× ××׀ש×××ס ×€×¢××. ××Ö·× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× ××× ×Ö· ק×Ö·× ×Ö·× ×Š××××©× ×¡××××ש×× ×Öž×עך ך×Öž××עךס. ×××× ××ך ךע×× ×××¢×× ×× ××Ö·×, ×× ××Ö·× ××× ×Ö·××¢ ×××Ö·× ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ ××× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ׊×× ××׀ש×××ס ×€×¢××.
××××× ×××× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×ַס××× × ×€ÖŒ×¢×š ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ××.
××× ×× ×€×Ö·× ×€×× ×¡×¢×××Ö·× ×¥ ××× ×¢×¡ ××¢× ×¢× ×©××× ×××Öž×š×Š× ×€ÖŒ×֞ךץ, ×Ö·××¥ ××× ×§××֞ך. ×× ×š××¢ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××××£ ×× ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ×× ×××¢×š× ×× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×.
×Öž×עך עס ×××××× ××ַק×Ö·×€ÖŒ ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·××, ××× ×¢×¡ ×××¢× ×××× ×××× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×××× ×Ö·×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××××¢ ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×. ××× ×××¢× ××× ×××× ×××ס×עק××××? ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××¢× ×××× ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×× ××Öž××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×§×֞ס ×Š× ×× ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×. ×××× ×× ×€ÖŒ×Ö·× ×§×֞ס ××¢× ×¢× ××××Ö·×, ×× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××¢× ×××× ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××֞ס ××× ×××× ××××£ ×× ××ַש××××¢× ××× ×× ××Öž××Ö·×¡× ×ך×ק ש××Ö·×. ×××× ××× ×ך×ק ש××Ö·× ××¢× ×¢× ××××Ö·×, ×× ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××¢×š× ×עך ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×× ××Öž××Ö·×¡× × ××עך. ×× ×š××¢ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ×××¢× ×××× ×Ö·×××¢×š× ×Ö·×××××¢.
עס ××× ×××× ×ע׊××¢ ×€×× ×: ×××¢× ××× ×× ××ַקק××€ÖŒ ך×Öž××¢ ×ַס××× × ×Š× ×Ö· ×€ÖŒ×֞ך×? ××× ×©××× ×עשך××× ×××××, ×× ××ַקק××€ÖŒ ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ××¢× ××Š× ××××× ×××¢× ×Š×××× ××ַש××××¢× ×ש×Ö·× ×Ö·×× ××¢× ×¢× ×§×Öž× × ×¢×§××¢× ×Š× ×עך ××¢×××קעך ×Öž×€ÖŒ×©× ××, ××֞ס ×××, ×Š× ×× ××Ö·×. ××× ××¢× ×€×Ö·×, ××¢×××× ××××× ×€ÖŒ×Öž×š× ××× ×××ס×עק×××× ××× ×× ××¢×××¢ קך××××ך××Ö·:
- ××Öž××Ö·×¡× ×××¢× ×§×֞ס ×Š× ×× ×××Öž×š×Š× ××ַש××××¢×.
- ק××¢× ×¡×עך ×ך×ק ש××Ö·×.
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