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ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืžืข, ืœืžืฉืœ ื“ืึธ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– BGP? BGP ืื™ื– ืึท ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– EGP (External Gateway Protocol) ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜. ื–ืืœ ืก ืงื•ืง ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ BGP ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก.

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Router1 ืื•ืŸ Router3. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื–: 

router bgp 10
  network 192.168.12.0
  network 192.168.13.0
  neighbor 192.168.13.3 remote-as 10

router bgp 10
  network 192.168.13.0
  network 192.168.24.0
  neighbor 192.168.13.1 remote-as 10

ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– AS 10. ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 1, ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกืึทื ืกื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 3. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง. ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื•ื•ื™ bgp ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 1, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• TCP ืคึผืึธืจื˜ 179 - ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืกืขืกื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ Router3, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•.

ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Router1 ืื•ืŸ Router3, ืขืคึฟืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืืจื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Router1, ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืŸ ืขืคึฟืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ Router3, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ. ื–ืืœ ืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื ืขืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืคึฟืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’:

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืงืึทื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฆื˜. ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ืงืกื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืขืคึฟืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, Router1 ืื•ืŸ Router3 ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜:

  • ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข: ื“ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื™ BGP ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฆื˜. ื“ื™ ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ืงืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹BGP ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 4 ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื™ืŸ RFC 4271. ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ BGP ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžื™ืกืžืึทื˜ืฉ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ BGP ืกืขืกื™ืข.
  • ืžื™ื™ืŸ AS: ื“ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื™ AS ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ AS ื ื•ืžืขืจ (s) ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ iBGP ืึธื“ืขืจ eBGP.
  • ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜: ืื•ื™ื‘ BGP ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ื•ื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ 'ื˜ื•ื™ื˜' ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฆืขืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืกืขืกื™ืข. ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ืฆื• 180 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ Cisco IOS ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก, ื“ื™ ืงืขื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ื• ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 60 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท BGP ืกืขืกื™ืข.
  • BGP Identifier: ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข BGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืœืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ OSPF ื˜ื•ื˜:
    • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ-ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ bgp router-id ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ.
    • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืŸ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืœื•ืคึผื‘ืึทืงืง ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“.
    • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืŸ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“.
  • ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก: ื“ืึธ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ. ื“ืขื ืคืขืœื“ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฆื• BGP ืึธืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข.
    • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ MP-BGP (Multi Protocol BGP).
    • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื•ื˜ ืจืขืคืจืขืฉ.
    • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ 4-ืึธืงื˜ืขื˜ ืึทืก ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ.

ืฆื• ื’ืจื™ื ื“ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื˜ื ืึธื™ื ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื’ืขื’ื ื˜:

  • ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื ื•ืžืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ืงืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืื™ื– 4.
  • ื“ื™ AS ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ื—ื‘ืจ 192.168.13.3 ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜-ื•ื•ื™ 10.
  • ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืื“ื™ื ื’ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ืฅ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื•ืช. ื ืึธืš ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืคึฟืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจื•ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Router1 ืฆื• Router3:

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ื“ืึธ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš Router1 ืื•ืŸ Path ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœืึธื’ ืฆื• ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคึผืึทื˜ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ. Keepalive ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท TCP ืกืขืกื™ืข. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“, ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 60 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท Keepalive ื˜ื™ื™ืžืขืจ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท Keepalive ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ. ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื• 180 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.

ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืกื™ืžืŸ:

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ, โ€‹โ€‹ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ.

ืฆื• ืžืขืœื“ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ BGP ื˜ื™ืฉ, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ IGP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก, ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ IGP, ื ืึธืš ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ, ื“ื™ IGP ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืขืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื™ืŸ BGP ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ. ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืœืขืš ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึทื–ืึท ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ BGP ื˜ื™ืฉ.

ืงื•ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ IP ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ; ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ IP ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกืฅ, ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœืขื ื˜ NLRI ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข BGP ื˜ื™ืฉ.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ BGP ืฆื• ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS. ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ BGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ืจื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจ, ืขืก ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžืึทืœ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜. ื“ืึธ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ - ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง. ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื™ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ื—ื‘ืจ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง? ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜:

neighbor 192.168.13.3 remote-as 10

ื“ื™ ืจื™ืžืึธื•ื˜-ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ AS, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ bgp 10 ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ. ืจื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš AS ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง AS ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง. ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ, ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธืคึผืึธืœืึธื’ื™:

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืœื•ืคึผื‘ืึทืงืง ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ IP: xxxx 255.255.255.0 - ื•ื•ื• X ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื ื•ืžืขืจ. ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ9 ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืœื•ืคึผื‘ืึทืงืง ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืจืขืก - 9.9.9.9 255.255.255.0. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืขืœื“ืŸ ืขืก ื“ื•ืจืš BGP ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืกืคึผืจืขื“ื–. ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• Router8 ืื•ืŸ Router12. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 8, ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 12 ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 11 ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืš. ื–ืืœ ืก ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืก. ื–ืืœ ืก ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ9 ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ืจื™ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜. ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Router9 ืฆื• Router8.

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทื˜ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ.

ืคึผืึทื˜ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ 4 ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืขืก:

  1. ื‘ืื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืžืึทื ื“ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ - ื›ืœ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ BGP ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ. ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.
  2. ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืจืขืฉืึทืŸ - ื›ืœ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ BGP ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ. ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜.
  3. ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• - ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืœืข BGP ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜, ืขืก ืžืึทืจืงืก ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืขืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืจืขืงืึทื’ื ื™ื™ื–ื“ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜.
  4. ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื ื™ื˜-ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• - ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืœืข BGP ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ืื™ื’ื ืึธืจื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฉื›ื ื™ื.

ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ BGP ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ:

  • ื‘ืื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืžืึทื ื“ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™:
    • ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืจืš
    • ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ
    • ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘

  • ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืจืขืฉืึทืŸ:
    • ืœืืงืืœืข ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื”ืึทื ื˜
    • ืึทื˜ืึธืžื™ืฉืข ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื–ืึทื
  • ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•:
    • ืึทื’ื’ืจืขื’ืึทื˜ืึธืจ
    • ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช
  • ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื ื™ื˜-ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•:
    • ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ืžื™ื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ (ืžืขื“)
    • ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ
    • ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื”

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ, AS Path. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืžื™ืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Router8 ืื•ืŸ Router9, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ.

ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ - ื™ื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ืฅ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก:

  • 0 - IGP: NLRI ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื;
  • 1 - EGP: NLRI ืื™ื– ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกื˜ืขืจื™ืึธืจ ื’ืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ (EGP). ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฆื• BGP, ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜
  • 2 - ื“ืขืจืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜: NLRI ืื™ื– ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขื’

ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• 0. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 12, ื“ืขื ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื“ 1.

ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜

  • ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ eBGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื ืขืฅ ื’ื™ื™ื˜.
  • ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืขืคื™ืงืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ AS.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ iBGP, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 192.168.89.9. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 8 ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6, ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 8 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 192.168.68.8. ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื:

  1. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื—ื‘ืจ, ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ.
  2. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ื—ื‘ืจ, ืขืก ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ IP ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“.

ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื - ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ Router5 ืื•ืŸ Router11. ื–ืืœ ืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื ืขืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง. ืึทื–ื•ื™, Router6 ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ 9.9.9.0/24 ืื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ:

Router6#show ip route bgp
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        9.9.9.0 [20/0] via 192.168.68.8, 00:38:25<source>
ะขะตะฟะตั€ัŒ Router6 ะฟะตั€ะตะดะฐะป ะผะฐั€ัˆั€ัƒั‚ Router5 ะธ ะฟะตั€ะฒะพะผัƒ ะฟั€ะฐะฒะธะปัƒ Next-hop ะฝะต ะธะทะผะตะฝะธะป. ะขะพ ะตัั‚ัŒ, Router5 ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะธั‚ัŒ  <b>9.9.9.0 [20/0] via 192.168.68.8</b> , ะฝะพ ัƒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั‚ ะผะฐั€ัˆั€ัƒั‚ะฐ ะดะพ 192.168.68.8 ะธ ะฟะพัั‚ะพะผัƒ ะดะฐะฝะฝั‹ะน ะผะฐั€ัˆั€ัƒั‚ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะฝะต ะฑัƒะดะตั‚, ั…ะพั‚ั ะธะฝั„ะพั€ะผะฐั†ะธั ะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะฐั€ัˆั€ัƒั‚ะต ะฑัƒะดะตั‚ ั…ั€ะฐะฝะธั‚ัŒัั ะฒ ั‚ะฐะฑะปะธั†ะต BGP:

<source><b>Router5#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 1, local router ID is 5.5.5.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 * i 9.9.9.0/24       192.168.68.8             0    100      0 45 i</b>

ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Router11-Router12. ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6 ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 12, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคืึธืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ:

neighbor 192.168.56.5 next-hop-self

ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ, Router6 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’, ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ IP ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ Gi0/0 Router6 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื•ืฅ - 192.168.56.6, ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ Router7 ืื•ืŸ Router10. ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืืœืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ip bgp ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ:

ืจื•ื˜ืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืคึผืึทื’ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืฉื›ื ื™ื.

ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื—ื‘ืจ. ื›ึผื“ื™ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืจื•ื˜ ืจืขืคืœืขืงื˜ืึธืจ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ื‘ืืฆื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ (ืคื•ืœ ืžืขืฉ), ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5-7 ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื—ื‘ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ Route Reflector. ืื•ื™ืฃ Router5 ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ:

neighbor 192.168.57.7 route-reflector-client

ืจื•ื˜-ืจืขืคืœืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ BGP ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึธืจืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื—ื‘ืจ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื—ื‘ืจ ืื™ื– ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜-ืจืขืคืœืขืงื˜ืึธืจ-ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืจื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ื™ื–ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ.

ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7? ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš. ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• Router7, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœืœ:

ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืจื•ืฅ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืจื•ืฅ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื˜.

ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ IGP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืจื•ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ AS. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ืจื•ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6 ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7 ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื™ืŸ AS 678, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ - ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ืจื•ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ 192.168.112.0/24 ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 10 ืื•ืŸ 192.168.110.0/24 ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 12. ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Router10 ืื•ืŸ Router12. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ Router12 ืฆื• ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืฆื• Router10:

neighbor 192.168.110.10 next-hop-self

ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– Router10 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ 9.9.9.0/24, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข Router7 ืื•ืŸ Router12. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืจื™ืจื” Router10 ืžืื›ื˜:

Router10#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 3, local router ID is 6.6.6.6
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network              Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>i 9.9.9.0/24       192.168.112.12           0    100       0      45 i

                               192.168.107.7                                0     123 45 i

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ื™ึทืœ (>) ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš 192.168.112.12 ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ.
ื–ืืœ ืก ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜:

  1. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ. ืึทื– ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ-ื–ื™ืš, ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.
  2. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทื˜ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ (PA) ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ BGP ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืœืึธื•ืงืึทืœื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื•ืœื™ืจืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš. ื–ืืœ ืก ืงื•ืง ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– Router10 ื”ืื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ 9.9.9.0/24 ื“ื•ืจืš Router12 (192.168.112.12). ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื”ื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜-ืžืึทืคึผืข ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืจื•ืฅ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ: 
     neighbor 192.168.107.7 weight 200

    ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืœืข ืจื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื–ืืœ ืก ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ:

    Router10#show bgp
*Mar  2 11:58:13.956: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 6.6.6.6
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight      Path
 *>  9.9.9.0/24       192.168.107.7                        200      123 45 i
 * i                          192.168.112.12           0          100      0 45 i

    ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Router7 ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก.

  3. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืœืืงืืœืข ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื”ืึทื ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืจืขืฉืึทื ืขืจื™ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคืขืงืฅ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืฉื›ื ื™ื. ืึทื– ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื‘ื“ืขื” ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื—ื‘ืจ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืฉื›ื ื™ื. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืœืึทืกืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืจืขืฉืึทื ืขืจื™. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5. ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ 9.9.9.0/24 - ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6 ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7.

    ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ:

    Router5#show bgp
BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 5.5.5.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>i 9.9.9.0/24       192.168.56.6             0    100      0 45 i

    ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6. ื•ื•ื• ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7? ืงืขืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7 ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืขืก? ืœืืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ:

    Router#show bgp
BGP table version is 10, local router ID is 7.7.7.7
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network                Next Hop            Metric LocPrf  Weight    Path
 *>i 9.9.9.0/24       192.168.56.6             0     100           0      45 i

                              192.168.107.10                                  0     678 45 i

    ืžืึธื“ื ืข, ืึทืœืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜. ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5? ื“ื™ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ืึทื– BGP ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ:

    ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื ื™ืฆื˜.

    ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7 ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 10 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืœืืงืืœืข ืคึผืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฆืŸ. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืœืืงืืœืข ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื”ืึทื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7 ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ืจื™ืึทืงืฅ ืฆื• ื“ืขื:

    route-map BGP permit 10
 match ip address 10
 set local-preference 250
access-list 10 permit any
router bgp 123
 neighbor 192.168.107.10 route-map BGP in</b>

    ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜-ืžืึทืคึผืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7 ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึธืงืึทืœ ืคึผืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฆืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• 250 ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ื– 100. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5:

    Router5#show bgp
BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 5.5.5.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight        Path
 *>i 9.9.9.0/24       192.168.57.7             0          250      0 678 45 i

    ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜, ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ืคึผืจืึทืคืขืจื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7. ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ืจืขื•ื•ืขื›ื“ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 8. ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืึท ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’. ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ. ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืœืืงืืœืข ืคึผืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฆืŸ. ื–ืืœ ืก ืžืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ.

  4. ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ-ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ 0.0.0.0, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ื”ื™ื’ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื’ืจืึทื’ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืจื•ืฅ. ื“ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื“ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื-32678-ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ: 
    Router#show bgp
BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 9.9.9.9
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight    Path
 *>  9.9.9.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0            32768    i
  5. ืฉืึธืจื˜ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื“ื•ืจืš AS. ื“ื™ ืฉืึธืจื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืึทืก_ืคึผืึทื˜ื” ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจืข ืึทืก ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš, ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื–. ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืฆื• 9.9.9.0/24 ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 10: 
    Router10#show bgp
BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 6.6.6.6
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *   9.9.9.0/24     192.168.107.7                           0           123 45 i
 *>i                     192.168.112.12           0    100       0       45 i

    ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ10 ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš 192.168.112.12 ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืก_ืคึผืึทื˜ื” ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 45, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ 123 ืื•ืŸ 45. ื™ื ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืงืœืึธืจ.

  6. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ. IGP (ื•ื•ืขื’ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ BGP) ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ EGP (ื•ื•ืขื’ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ BGP ืก ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืขืจ, ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ), ืื•ืŸ EGP ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื™ื ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขื˜ืข? (ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก, ืœืžืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทืŸ).
  7. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– MED. ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื”ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืœืึธื•ืงืึทืœื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœืืงืืœืข ืคึผืจืขืคืขืจืขื ืกืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ, MED ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ.

ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืึทื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜:

  1. ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ื™ืจืึทืกื˜ IGP ื—ื‘ืจ.
  2. ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื•ืœื“ืึทืกื˜ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ eBGP ื“ืจืš.
  3. ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ BGP ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ.
  4. ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื•ืึทืกื˜ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ BGP ืงืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืก.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6 ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ 9.9.9.0/24 ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 9. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ Gi0/1 ืคื•ืŸ Router6, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ BGP ืกืขืกื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ Router8 ืื™ื– ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืฉื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง. ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 6 ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืกืขื ื“ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ื™ื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ 9.9.9.0/24 ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื“ืจืึธืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืก ืคืขืœื“. ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 5 ื‘ืืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืึธื ื–ืึธื’, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจ 7. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื˜ Router7 ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Router10, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืจื™ืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžืึทืจืฉืจื•ื˜. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืœื“ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ื™ึทืขืจ.

ืงืึธื ืคืขื“ืขืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืึธืคื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ื˜ืึทืคึผืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™. ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืงืึธื ืคืขื“ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืก ืื™ื– ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืึทื‘-ืึทืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื˜ืึทืคึผืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™.

ื•ื•ื™ BGP ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืึท ืœื™ื ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขื labuืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ GNS3.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึทืคึผืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ AS 2345 ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ, โ€‹โ€‹ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืงืึธื ืคืขื“ืขืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกืึทื ืก ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ. ื–ืืœ ืก ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ AS 2345, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ laForge ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืžืืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ืงืึทืจื“ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืจืก ื“ืึทื˜ืข ะธ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฃ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื ืงืจื•ืฉืขืจ . ืื•ื™ืš ืจื•ืฅ ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš laForge, ืฐืืœื˜ ืŸ ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืงืจื•ืฉืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฃ-ืื•ื™ ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืข.

ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ืึท ืจื•ื˜-ืจืขืคืœืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช. ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ืŸ AS 2345 ืื™ืŸ 4 ืกืึทื‘-ืึทืก (2,3,4,5) ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง. ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืฉืœื™ื™ืžืขืก ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ืึธ.

ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ:

  1. CCIE ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ื•ื•5.0 ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืจื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื“, ื‘ืื ื“ 2, ืคื™ื ืคื˜ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, Narbik Kocharians, Terry Vinson.
  2. ืคึผืœืึทืฅ xgu.ru
  3. ืคึผืœืึทืฅ GNS3Vault.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’