ืืขืจ ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืึธื ืืขืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืึท ืืืขื ืฆื ืืืขื ืื ืึท Raspberry ืืื ืึท ืืืืืจืืืก ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคืื ื ืืื ืื CentOS ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืกืืขื. ืืืจื ืึทืกืขืืืึทืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืืื ืืขื ืฆืืืืขื ืื ื, ืืื ืฆืืคึฟืจืืื ืืืื ืฉืขืคืขืจืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืงืืืขื ืึท ืืืกื ืคืื ืฉืืื ืคืื ืืืึทืกื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืงืจืืืืฉ ืขืืขืืขื ื ืคืื ืืืื ืืืืืืฉ ืื ืคืจืึทืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจ. ืึธืืขืจ, ืืึธืก ืืขืคืื ืคืื ืืขืจืขื ืืืงืืงืืื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืขืจืืขื ืคึผืขืจืคืขืงืฉืึทื ืืืึทื ืืึธื ืืื ืืืจ: "ืึท ืืืคึผืขืจืคืืงื ืจืขืืืืืึทื ืคืื ืึทืจืืขื ืืื ืงืืื ืจืขืื ืฆื ืขืงืืืกืืืจื." ืืขืจ ืืขืืึทื ืง ืึทื "ืืขืจ ืืืืขืึทื ืงืขื ืขื ืืื ืืึธื ืืืื ืืขืจืืจืืืื" ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืึธืื ืืืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืืื ืื.
ืืื ืืืื ืืึธื, ืืื ืืืื ืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืืืึทืืืง ืืจืืคึผืขืก, ืืื ืืขืคึฟืื ืขื ืึท ืืืกืงืืกืืข ืืืขืื ืื ืืืกื ืืืคืงืืึทื ืคืื ืืืืืกืืื ื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ Raspberry (aarch64 vs armhfp): ืืืึธืก 64-ืืืกื ืึทืก ืงืขื ืขื, ืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ, ืคึผืึทืกืืง ืืื ืึทืจืืขื ืืืืฃ Raspberry ืืืขืจืกืืข 3. ++?
ืืืึทื ืืืืืืืข CentOS ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ARM ืึทืจืงืึทืืขืงืืฉืขืจ ืคึฟืื "Userland" ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืืื ืงืืื ืืึทืื ืฆื ืืึทืฉืืืืขื ืฆื ืื ืืขืฆืืข ืืืขืจืกืืข ืคืื โโโโืื ืงืขืจื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืื 64-ืืืกื. ืืื ืื EPEL ืจืืคึผืึทืืึทืืึธืจื, ืคืืจืืื ืื ืคืื ืืึธื ืืืืืกื ืืื ืึธื ืึท ืืืืืืึทื ืืกืืืข, ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืึท ื ืืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืืง ืฉืืึธืคื ...
ืืขืจืขืื ืืื ืึท ืื ืืขื ืืขืจ ืคืื ืจืคึผื-ืืืืืจื ืืืกืืจืืืืืฉืึทื ื, ืืื ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืกืึทืคึผืจืืืื ืฆื ืืขืคึฟืื ืขื ืึทื ืื ืึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจ Raspberry ืืื ืืึธืจ ืคืืจืืขืกื ืืื ืืืกืงืืกืืขืก. ืคืขืืึธืจืึท! ืืื ืืขื ืืจืึธืฅ ืืขืจ ืคืึทืงื ืึทื ืืืึทื ืืขืืืื ื
ืืื ืืขื ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืื ืื ืกืืึทืืืจืื ื ืืืคึฟื ืคืขืืึธืจืึท (aarch64) ืืืืฃ ืืึทืืขื ืข ืคึผื ืงืกื ืืืงืก ืืึธืืขื ื + ะฒ ืขืงืกืืจืข ืืื ืืืึทื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืืื ื. ืืื ืืืขื ืืขืงืืฆืขืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืฃ ืื ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื ืคืื ืจืืืืื ื ืึท Wi-Fi ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคืื ื, ืืืืขื ืึทืคืืื ืืื ืึท ืจืขืืืืืึทื ืคืื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโโโืืืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ืืืืฃ .
0. ืืืึธืก ืืืจ ืืืขื ืืึทืจืคึฟื
ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืื ืืขืืืข ืืื ืืืกืืขื ืืื ืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงืข ืึทืจืืืงื:
- Raspberry Pi 3 ืืึธืืขื ื +;
- microSD>= 4GB (ืฉืคึผืขืืขืจ ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื "ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื" ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืฆื ืึท 2GB ืคืึธืจ);
- ืืืขืจืงืกืืืืฉืึทื ืืื ืืื ืืงืก ืืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืงืึธืจื ืืืืขื ืขืจ;
- ืืืืืขืจื ื ืขืฅ ืงืึทื ืขืงืืืืืืื ืฆืืืืฉื ืื Raspberry ืืื ืึท ืืื ืืงืก ืืืขืจืงืกืืืืฉืึทื (ืืื ืืขื ืคืึทื, ืงืืื ื ืึธื ืืึธื ืืืึธืจ ืืื ืงืืึทืืืืึทืืืจ ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืจืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขืืึทืคึผ), ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคึฟืื ืืืืืข ืืขืืืืกืขืก;
- ืึทืืืึทื ืกืืจืืข ืกืงืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืก (ืฆื ืืืืกื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืขืจืฉืจืึธืงื: , ะธ ).
ืขื ืืขื ืฆื ืืืขืจืึทืืืื -ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืขื ืข ืืื ืืงืก, ืื ืคืขืืึธืจืึท ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืขืืืืื ื, ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืขืก, ืึท ืืื ืืืึทื ืกืืกืืขื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืฉืืคื (ืึธื "ืงืึธืืคึผืืืืื ื ืคึฟืื ืืงืืจ").
1. ืืึทื ืืึธื ืืืจืื ื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืึธืจืืืื ืขื ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืืืืื ื
ืงืึธืืึธืจืืึทื ืึทืฅ ืคืื ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืคืื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืจื ืขืฅ:
ื ืึธื ืจืขืงืึธืจืืื ื ืขืก ืืืืฃ ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืืื ืืืืืขืจ ืืืจ ื ืืฆื ืขืก, ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื:
- ืืงืกืคึผืึทื ื ืื "ืืืึธืจืฆื" ืคืื ืื ืืขืงืข ืกืืกืืขื (3rd ืฆืขืืืืืื ื, ืขืงืกื4)
parted /dev/mmcblk0 resizepart 3 100% e2fsck -f /dev/mmcblk0p3; resize2fs /dev/mmcblk0p3; e2fsck -f /dev/mmcblk0p3 for i in 1 2 3; do mkdir -p /mnt/$i; mount /dev/mmcblk0p$i /mnt/$i; done - ืืืกืืืืึทื SELinux
echo 'SELINUX=disabled' > /mnt/3/etc/selinux/config - ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขืืขื ืื ืขืจืฉื ืกืขืืึทืคึผ ืืืืืขืจื:
find /mnt/3/etc/systemd/ -iname initial-setup.service -delete - ืืึธืื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืืืจื ssh:
mkdir -p /mnt/3/root/.ssh cp -fv ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /mnt/3/root/.ssh/authorized_keys sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /mnt/3/etc/ssh/sshd_config
ืืืฆื ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืจืืคืงืืคืืข ืื "ืืึทืืขื ืข" ืคึฟืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืืื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืขืก ืืืจื ืื ื ืขืฅ.
ื ืงืึทืื ืึธื ืืืื ื ืขืื ืืืขืื ืืืื ืืื ืึท ืืึทืื ืืื ืื. TTX ืคืื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ื ืึธื ืืึธืืืื ื:
rpm -qa | wc -l
444
2. ืึทืกืขืืืึทื ืึท ืืื ืืืึทื ืกืืกืืขื
ืฆืื ืืึทืืืืขืจื, ืื "ืืื ืืืึทื ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืืืืื ื" ืคืื ืื ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืืื ืืืืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืกื ืืึทืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืงืึทื ืกืึทืืฉืึทื. ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืืืื ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืคืืื ืงืืขื ืขืจืขืจ.
ืฆื ืืึธื ืืึธืก, ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืืืืคื ืื ืฉืจืืคื ืืืืฃ Malinka:
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/os-release
P=$(mktemp --directory $(pwd)/$ID-$VERSION_ID.XXX)
dnf --installroot=$P --releasever=$VERSION_ID --setopt=install_weak_deps=false
--assumeyes install
bcm283x-firmware
dnf
grub2-efi-aa64
kernel
openssh-server
shim-aa64
for f in /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
/boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grubenv
/boot/efi/rpi3-u-boot.bin
/etc/default/grub
/etc/fstab
do
cp -fv $f $P$f
done
rm -fv $P/dev/*
rm -rfv $P/var/cache/dnf
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
du -hs $P
ื ืึธื ืคืืืกื ืืืง ืืขื ืฉืจืืคื, ืึท ืกืืืืืจืขืงืืึธืจื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืฉืืคื ืืื ืืขื ืงืจืึทื ื ืืืขืืืืืึทืืขืจ ($P) ืืื ืื ืืื ืืึทืื ืคืื ืื ืืืึธืจืฆื ืคืื ืื ื ืืึทืข ืืื ืืืึทื ืึทืก ืึทืืืฉืึทื. ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืงืขืจ ืึทืืืขืง ืื Raspberry ืืื ืฆืืจืืงืงืืืขื ืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืฆื ืื ืืื ืืงืก ืืืขืจืงืกืืืืฉืึทื.
3. ืืึทื ืืึธื ืืืจืื ื ืคืื ืึท ืืื ืืืึทื ืกืืกืืขื
ืืึทื ืืึธื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื ืงืึทืคึผืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืึทื ืึทืก "ืืืื" ืืขืงืขืก (ืืขืจืืจืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงืข ืฉืจืื) ืืืืฃ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืขื ืฆืืืขืืจืืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืืื ืื ืฆืื ืขืืขื ืืืจืขืงืืขืจืื.
ื 2GB ืงืึธืจื ืืื ืฆืืืื ืคึผืึทืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืืืืฃ ืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืืขื ืื:
- / ืฉืืืืื / ืขืคื - EFI + FAT32, ืฉืืืืื, 100 ืื;
- / (ืืืึธืจืฆื) - EXT4, ืึทืืข ืจืืขื ืคึผืืึทืฅ.
ื ืึธื ืคึผืจืืคึผืขืจืื ื ืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืืื ืงืึทืคึผืืื ื ืืขืงืขืก ืฆื ืขืก, ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื:
- ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืึทืก ืฉืืืืื;
- ืงืขืจ ืืืืฃ ืื ื ืขืฅ;
- ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืืืจื ssh.
ืื ืฉืืืืื ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืืึทืื ืื UUID ืคืื ืื ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื ืืื ืื ืืขืงืขืก:
microSD:/boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
microSD:/boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grubenv
ืืื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขืืขืจ saved_entry= ืืื ืื ืืขืฆืืข ืืขืงืข
ืืื ืืขืงืข:
microSD:/etc/fstab
ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืขืคึฟืื ืขื ืื ืึทืื ืืืึทืืืขืก ืืื ืื ืงืจืึทื ื (ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื) ืืืึทืืืขืก ืืื ืื ืืึทืคึฟืขื ืจืขืืืืืึทื:
blkid | grep mmcblk | sort
ื ืึธื ืคืึทืจืืืึทื, ืืืจ ืืึธื ืืืื ืจืืืืืง ืื ืืื ืืึทืื fstab ืืืืฃ ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืึทืืื ืึทื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืขื ืฆื ืื ื ืืึท ืฆืขืืืืืื ื UUIDs.
ื ืขืฅ ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ืึทืืืื ืืืขื ืืืจ ืขืจืฉืืขืจ ืงืขืจ ืืืืฃ ืื Raspberry ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืึทืืฉืืืื ืืื ืึท ืงืืืื "ืงืจืึทืืฉ" - ืฉืึทืคึฟื ืึท ืืื ืง (ืกืืขืืึทืืืฉ):
ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-networkd.service
microSD:/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants
ืืื ืืขืงืข:
mkdir -p microSD:/etc/systemd/network
cat > microSD:/etc/systemd/network/dhcp.network << EOF
[Match]
Name=*
[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
EOF
ื ืึธื ืึท ืืขืจืึธืื ืืจืืคืงืืคืืข, ืจืืื ืืงื ืื ืงืึทืืขืจ :
systemctl disable systemd-networkd
systemctl enable systemd-networkd
ืกืืคึผืขืจืืกืขืจ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืืืจื ssh ืืื ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจื ืขื ืืขื ืฆื ืฉืจืื 1.
ืืืื ืืืจ ืืึธื ืึทืืฅ ืงืขืจืคืึทืื ืืื ืึธื ืขืจืจืึธืจืก, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืืื ืื "ืืึทืืขื ืข" ืืื ืึธื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืื ืืื ืึท 64-ืืืกื ืึทืก ืืื ืึทื ืขืงืกืืจืข ืืื ืืืึทื ืืืขืจืกืืข.
4. ืืจืืื ืกืืกืืขื
ืื "ืืืื" ืคืื ืื ืคืึทืจืืืง ืกืืกืืขื, ืืืฉืืคื ืืืื ืื ืื ืกืืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื ืืืืื, ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืึทืื ืืึธืืืื ืคึฟืื ืื ืืื ืง:
ืืึธืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืึทื ืึทืจืงืืืื ืืื ืฆืืืื ืืขืงืขืก: ืื ืื ืกืืึทืืืจืื ื ืฉืจืืคื ืืื TGZ ืืื ืึทืก ืืขืงืขืก. ืื ืึทืจืงืืืื ืืึทืจืฃ ืืืื ืึทื ืคึผืึทืงื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืืื ืืงืก ืืืขืจืงืกืืืืฉืึทื, ืึทืจืืึทื ืืืืื ืึท ืืืงืจืึธืกื (ืึท 2 ืื ืงืึธืจื ืืื ืืขื ืื) ืืื ืืืืคื ืื ืฉืจืืคื ืืื ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขืืขืจ - ืื ื ืึธืืขื ืคืื ืื ืืืื:
./install /dev/mmcblk0
ืืืื ืึธืคึผืืขืืื!
ืึธื ืงืืื ืืืึธืจื ืื ืื, ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืคืึธืจืืึทืืืขื ืืื ืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืกืืขื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืกืืึทืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืขืก.
ื ืึธื ืืขืืช-ืคืจืื ืืืจืืคืืจืื ื ืคืื ืื ืฉืจืืคื, ืื ืงืึธืจื ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืจืืขืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืื "ืืึทืืขื ืข" ืืื ืืขืืืืื ื: ืืึทืคึผื ืืืจื ืืืงืคึผ, ืคึผืึทืจืึธื - "1".
ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืืื ืงืืืจื ืคืื ืึทืืข IDs ืืื ืฉืืืกืืขื, ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืืึธืก ืืขืืขืจ ื ืืึท ืื ืกืืึทืืืจืื ื ืืื ืืื ืฆืืง.
ืืื ืืืืขืจืืืจื ืึทืืึธื ืืืืืขืจ, ืื ืกืืกืืขื - ืืื ืืืึทื! ืืขืจืคืืจ ื ืืฉื ืืขืจืฉืจืืงื: ืื "ืค ืืื ืคืืจืื, ืืื ืขืก ืืื ืืจืืขืื ืืืขื ืืขื ืืืจืคื "ืืืืกืืขืจืคืื ืื" ืื ืจืืืืืืข. .
ืื ืงืึทืื ืึธื ืืืื ืคืื ืื Raspberry ื ืขืื ืืืขืื 40 ืกืขืงืื ืืขืก. TTX ืคืื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ื ืึธื ืืึธืืืื ื:
rpm -qa | wc -l
191
5. ืืื-ืคื
ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืื ืขื ืึท ืืืกื ืืืืฃ ืื ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื ืคืื ืืืคึผืืึทืืขื ืื ื ืึท Wi-Fi ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคืื ื. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืคึผืขืกืืคืืงืก, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืึธืคึผืฉืืงื ืฆื ืืืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงื .
EPEL ืืื ื ืื ืืขืจ ืืืจืฃ - ืึทืืข ืคึผืึทืงืึทืืืฉืึทื ืืขื ืขื ืงืึทื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืึทืึทืืืขืจ ืจืืคึผืึทืืึทืืึธืจืื.
ืขืก ืืืึธืื ืืืกืืึธืืข ืืืื ืืืขืจื ืืขืื ืึทืจืืืฃ , ืืื ื ืคืขืืึธืจืึท, ื ืื ืขื ืืขื CentOS, ืืื ืึท ืคืขืจืื ืคืจืืฉ ืกืืกืืขืื-ื ืขืืืืึธืจืงื, ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืขืืืื-ืืื DHCP / DNS ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก. ืึธืืขืจ ืืขืจ ืคืึทืงื ืืื ืึทื ืืื RHEL8 ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก , ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืืืึทืกืืขืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืฆืืงืื ืคึฟื ืคืื ืื ืคึผืจืืืขืงื (ืกืงืึทื ืืึทืื). ืืงืืฆืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืขืก ื ืืฉื ืคืจืืืืจื.
ืืขืจืฆื, ืื ืงืจืึทื ื ืืจืืืืขืจืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืืขืืืื-ืืื Wi-Fi ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจ ืงืขื ืขื ื ืื ืืืื "ืกืืืืื" ืคึฟืื ืื ืจืึทืกืคึผืืืึทื ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืืืืื ื, ืึธืืขืจ ืืึทืื ืืึธืืืื ืืืืึทื ืคึฟืื .
ืืึธืก ืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืึธืืงืึธื ืคืืจืืืืึทืจืข ืืขืงืขืก ืงืืงื ืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืื Raspberry (ืกืืฉืขืืึทืืืงืึทืืื):
ls /usr/lib/firmware/brcm | grep 43455
[612775] brcmfmac43455-sdio.bin
[14828] brcmfmac43455-sdio.clm_blob
[symlink] brcmfmac43455-sdio.raspberrypi,3-model-b-plus.txt -> brcmfmac43455-sdio.txt
[2099] brcmfmac43455-sdio.txt
ืึธื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืงืืืขื 5GHz/AC.
ืืืขืื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืืื ื ืขืืขื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืคืืืกืื. ืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืจืง ืจืขืงืึธืืขื ืืืจื ืฆื ืึทืืขืืขื ื ืืฉื ืฆื ืจืืืึธืจื ืฆื ืื "ืกืขืจืืืืก" ืคืื ืืืืืืืืืจื ืกืืืืืฉืึทื ืกืืึทืื ืืขืืึทืืจืข ื ืืืืืง (), ืืืึธืก ืืึทืงืขื ืขื ืืึทืืืืืืง ืืึทืกืข ืืื ืื ื ืขืฅ ืึธื ืืืืื ืืื ืืจืืงื ืจืืืื ื. ืืืื ืืืจ ืืึธื ื ืื ืคึผืืึทื ืฆื ืืึธืื ืงืืืคื ืืืืืจืืืก ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจื, ืืืจ ืืึธื ื ืืฆื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืื ืืขืจืคืืืกืื. ืืื ืืึธืื ืฆืืืื Wi-Fi, ืึทืืื ืืื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืึท ืืืืืืืืืจื ืืจืืง (ืืึธืืฉ ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืึธื ืึธื ืืขื ืืืจื ืงืืงื ืืืึท ืื Hostapd ืกืขืืึทืคึผ ืืืคืขืจืขื ืืื).
ืืื ืืื ืืืืข ืจืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืขืจืคืืืกืื.
ืฆื ืืึธื ืืึธืก ืืื ืคืขืืึธืจืึท ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืฉืึทืคึฟื ืึท ืกืืืืึธืืืฉ ืืื ืง:
/etc/systemd/network/99-default.link -> /dev/null
ืืื ืืขืืึธืื ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืืขืืืขื ืฆื ืืขืื ืืึทืืืืืืง ื ืขืืขื ืึธื ืคึผืึธืืงืื ื ืึทืจืื , ืึธืืขืจ ืืืืื ื ืืฆื systemd-networkd.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืืึธืก ืืื ืืืึธืก ืื ื ืขืฅ ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจื ืืื ืืืื ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืขื ืขื ืืขืจืืคื:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
2: wan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
3: lan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
4: int: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master lan state UP group default qlen 1000
5: ext: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master lan state UP group default qlen 1000
- ืื ื โ ืืฒื ืืขืืืื , ืขืงืกื - ืคืื ืืจืืืกื ืืืง (ืืกื) ืืื-ืคื ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจื ืคืืจืืืืื ืืื ืึท "ืืจืืง" ืืึทื;
- ืืืึทื - ืขืืืขืจื ืขื ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจ ืืื ืืืึธืก ืื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืืื ืงืึธื ื ืขืงืืขื.
ืืืกืื ืืืืขืจืงื? - ืึท ืืึทืงืข ืงืื ืืึทื. ืฆืืืึทืืขื ืืื ืึท ืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืงืก ืงืขืจื, ืืื ืึทืจืืขื ืคืึทืงืืืฉ ืืืจืึทืงืึทืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืืืก ืงืืื: ืึท ืฆืึธืจื ืืืง "ืืึธืจืจืขื ื ืืจืืคืงืืคืืข" ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืคืืจื ืฆื ืึท ืคึผืืืฆืขืืืืง ืืขืจื ืืืขืจืืงืื ื ืคืื ืืืืงืืึทื ืฆืืืืฉื ืฉืื ืื. ืืคืืื ืึท ืืืื ืืคึผ-ืืขืืขืืืืืืข ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืืื ื "ืืืืขืจ ืื ืืืคื" ืืื ืึท ืืึธืืืื ืงืึทื ืึทื ืืื ื ืืฉื "ืืจืขืื ืืื" ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื "ืฉืืึทืืืขื" ืืื ืึทืืข!
ืื ืืืืืึทื ืืื ืกื ืืขืงืข ืืื ืึทื ืืขืจืืึธื ืืื ืขืจืืืขืจืืืง ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื .
ืขืก ืืืฆื ืงืืงื ืืื ืืึธืก (ื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืคืื ืึท ืืขืืืื-ืืื ืึทืืึทืคึผืืขืจ):
[Unit]
Description=Hostapd IEEE 802.11 AP, IEEE 802.1X/WPA/WPA2/EAP/RADIUS Authenticator
After=network.target
BindsTo=sys-subsystem-net-devices-int.device
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/hostapd-int.pid
#ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/iw dev int set power_save off
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/hostapd /path/to/hostapd-int.conf -P /run/hostapd-int.pid -B
[Install]
RequiredBy=sys-subsystem-net-devices-int.device
ืืื ืื "ืืึทืืืฉ" hostapd-int.conf ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืืขืื ืืื 5GHz/AC:
ssid=rpi
wpa_passphrase=FedoRullezZ
# 5180 MHz [36] (20.0 dBm)
# 5200 MHz [40] (20.0 dBm)
# 5220 MHz [44] (20.0 dBm)
# 5240 MHz [48] (20.0 dBm)
# 5745 MHz [149] (20.0 dBm)
# 5765 MHz [153] (20.0 dBm)
# 5785 MHz [157] (20.0 dBm)
# 5805 MHz [161] (20.0 dBm)
# 5825 MHz [165] (20.0 dBm)
channel=36
#channel=149
# channel+6
# http://blog.fraggod.net/2017/04/27/wifi-hostapd-configuration-for-80211ac-networks.html
vht_oper_centr_freq_seg0_idx=42
#vht_oper_centr_freq_seg0_idx=155
country_code=US
interface=int
bridge=lan
driver=nl80211
auth_algs=1
wpa=2
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
macaddr_acl=0
hw_mode=a
wmm_enabled=1
# N
ieee80211n=1
require_ht=1
ht_capab=[HT40+][SHORT-GI-40][SHORT-GI-20]
# AC
ieee80211ac=1
ieee80211d=0
ieee80211h=0
vht_oper_chwidth=1
require_vht=1
vht_capab=[SHORT-GI-80]
ื ืืืกื ืคืึธืืึธืฉืึธืคึผ ืืขืืืื ืคืื ืืืื Ericsson A1018s:
(ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืงืฉืจ - 100 ืืืื / ืกืขืง)
ืืื ืืขืกืึธืฃ, ืึท ืงืืืื FAQ.
6. FAQ
6.1 ืคืืจืืืืก ืืึทืื ืึท Wi-Fi ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืืืฃ Raspberry?
ืืืื ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืคึฟืขืจื ืคึผืฉืื, ืืื "ืขืก ืืื ืืฉืืงืึทืืืข ืฆื ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืืื ืึทืืข ืืืึธืก."
ืืืขืจ ืืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืขืืข ืืื ืืื ืฅ ืขืจื ืกื. ืืื ืืขืจ ืชืงืืคื ืคืื ืื "ืืืืืืง" ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื, ืืืืื ื ืึท ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืื ืึท ืงืจืึธื ืืื ืืืืืื ืึธืจืขืืื ืืง ืฆื ืืืึทื ืคืึทืืจืืงืึทื ื ืืื ืึท ืืืืขืจ ืฉืืืขืจ ืืืกืงืืง. ืคืืืข ืืขื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืืืื ืึทื ืืืฆื ืืื ืึท CVE ืึธืืขืจ ืึท ืืขืืืื-ืืื ืืึทืงืืึธืจ ืืื ื ืื ืืขืืืขื.
ืืึธื, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืืืืจืืื ืฆื WRT ืคืืจืืืืึทืจืข ืคึฟืื ืขื ืืืืืึทืกืฅ. ืขืก ืืื ืืืกืืึธืืข ืืขืจ ืฆืืืจืื ืืื ืืื, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืื ืืืจ ืืึธื ื ืืฉื ืืืขืื ืฆื ืึธืคืขื ืืขื ืืืืฃ ืืื, ื ืึธืจ ื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืืขื ืข ืคึผืจืึธืืืงื. ืืืขืึทืืื, ืึท ืคืื-ืคืืขืืืฉื ืงืึธืืคึผืืืืขืจ ืึทืืื ืึทื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืขืจ ืืืขืื ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืืคึผืืึทืืขื ืึทื ืืืืฃ ืขืก. ืืื ืืขืจืืื ืขื ืคืื ืจืืืื ื, ืคืื ืืืืฃ.
ืืขืจืืืขืจ, ืืฉืืืื ื ืึท "ืืึทืืขื ืข" ืืื ืึท ืจืืื ืขืงืึธื ืึธืืืฉ ืืึทื: ืึท ืคืึทืงืืืฉ ืงืึธืืคึผืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืืืืงืขืจ ืฆืืึทื ืึท ืืืืืง. ืืึธืืฉ, ืืึธืืขืจ ืืืื - ืืื ืืืืขืจ "ืืึทืืึทืื" ืืื ืขืืืืื ืืง.
6.2 ืึธืืขืจ Raspberry ืืื ืึท "ื ืืืขืจืืง ืจืึทืืืขืจ": ืคึผืึทืืขืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืืขืจื ืขื ืคึผืึธืจื!
ืืื ืึท ืืืื Wi-Fi ืจืึทืืืขืจ, ืื Raspberry ืืื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืึทืคืจืืืืงื ืืืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืจ. ืืืขืื ืืืคื-ืืืืงืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืขืจืขืื. ืืื ืขืก ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืขืืืขืจื ืขื, ื ื, ืืื ืึท ืขื ืืขื ืคึผืจืึธืืืงื ืคืื ืขืคึผื ืขืก ืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืขืืืข!
ืืืขืจ ืขืืขืก, ืคืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืืึธืื ืืื ืืขืจ. ืืื ืืจืึธืฅ ืืขื ืคืึทืงื ืึทื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืขืืื ื ืึทืืข ืืขืืืืกืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืืืืืจืืืก ืงืึธื ื ืขืงืืขื, ืืื ืึท ืงืืคึผืขืจ ืงืฉืจ ืืื ื ืึธื ืคืืจืืื ืื. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืืึท ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืืื ืืึธืื ืึท "ืจืืจืขืืืืืง ืืึทื" ืืื ืืึทืืขืจ:
ืืืื - ืขืคึผืขืก ืืื ืืึธืก
6.3 ืืืื ืืึธืก ืืื ืึท ืจืึทืืืขืจ, ืืึธืจื ืืฉื ืืื ืืขืืึธืื ืืืขืื "ืืื ืื ื" TCP / IP, ืืืืึทื ืืึธืก ืืื ืืืืืืืง!
ืืื ืึทืืืฉืึทื ืฆื ืืึทืฉืืขืืืงื ืื ื ืขืฅ ืึธื ืืืืื (ืืงืคึผ_ืคืึทืกืืึธืคึผืขื, ืืึธ, ืืื"ื ื), ืืขื ืืื ืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงืข ืึทืจืืืงื ืืึธื ื ืื ืืขืงื ืื ืืขืจืข ื ืืึทื ืกืื, ืกืคึผืขืฆืืขื ืืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคืื ืคึผืจืืคึผืขืจืื ื ืืืงืจืึธืกื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืคึผืืืืึทื ื ืืฆื (ืืึธืืฉ ืื ืื ืกืืึทืืืขืจ ืคืจืืืื ืฆื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทื ืื ืืึผืจืื ืงืึธืจื ืืื ืึท ืฉืืืขืจ ืืืขื). ืืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคืื ืคึฟืึทืจืืขืกืขืจืื ื ืืื ืกืึธืฃ, ืืืจ ื ืึธืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืืึทืืื ืืื ืฆืืื.
6.4 ืคืืจืืืืก ืคืขืืึธืจืึท?
ืืืืึทื ืืื ืืื! ืคืขืืึธืจืึท ืืื ืึท "ืืืื ืกืืจืื" ืกืืกืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืขืงืก, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึธืก ืืขืจ ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืึทืงืฉืื ืืืขื. ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื ืคืื ืฉืจืืืื, ืืึธืืขืจ ืื ืืืืื ืึทืก ืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ Raspberry ืืื 64-ืืืกื ืืืขืจืกืืข ืืื ืึทืคืืฉืึทืื ืืขืฉืืืฆื ืืืจื ืึท ืืึทืืืืืืง ืฉืืขืงื ืคืื ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก (ืคืื ืืืขืืขื ืืื ืงืขื ื ืืฉื ืืืึทืจืื ).
6.5 ืืื ืืืืขืืึธืึธืื ืึทืจืืขื? ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืขื / ืืขืืื ื / GPIO?
ืืืืืก ื ืืฉื. ืืขืจ ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืึทื ืืึทื ืืึธื ืืืจืื ื ืคืื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืืื ืืืึทื ืกืึทืืกืึทืงืืืึทื ื ื ืืฆื ืืื ืึท Wi-Fi ืจืึทืืืขืจ.
6.6 ืคืืจืืืืก ืืึธื ืึทืืข ืึทืจืืืงืืขื ืืืขืื CentOS / Fedora / RedHat ืึธื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืืึทื SELinux?
ืืืืึทื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืึทื, ืขืก ืงืขื ื ืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืึธืื ืึท ืคืืืจืืืึทื ืึธืืขืจ ืืืืืืึทืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืึทืฉืืขืืืงื ืขืก. ืืืขืจ ืขืก ืื ืืืืก ืืึทืจืฃ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขื ืื ืกืืึทืืืจื ืึทืืืฉื ืึทืื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืึทืจืคึฟื.
6.7 ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืงืขื ืขื ื ืื ืืืื ืืขืืืืื ื, ืื ืคึผืึทืจืึธื ืงืขื ืขื ื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื - ืงืืื ืคึผืึทืกืกืืื. ืงืืื ืคึผืื ื, ืงืืื ืืึธืจื ืืฉื!
ืขืก ืื ืคืึทืจืึทื . ืึธืืขืจ ืื ืื ืกืืึทืืืจืื ื ืึธืคึผืฆืืข ืืื ื ืืฉื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืจ - ื ืืฆื ืื ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืืืืื ื ืื ืืืขื ืืึทืจ ืคืื ืื ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจืก.
6.8 ืืื ืืื SWAP? ืืื ืงืขื ื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืึธื ืืื!
ืืื ืขืก ืืืช? ืืื ืืขืืึธืื:
fallocate -l 1G /swap
chmod -v 0600 /swap
mkswap -f /swap
swapon -v /swap
grep "/swap" /etc/fstab || echo "/swap swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
6.9 ืืื ืืืึธืื ืืื ืฆื ืืื ืืจืืคืงืืคืืข ืึท ืคืึทืจืืืง ืืืื ืืื ืึท ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจื Wi-Fi ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคืื ื!
ืคึผืจืืคึผืขืจืื ื ืึท ืื ืกืืึทืืืขืจ "ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืืขืืขื" ืืืขื ืืึทืจืคื ืขืืืขืืข ืฆืืื ืืื ืื. ืืืื (ืคึผืืืฆืืื ื!) ืขืืขืฆืขืจ ืืึทืงืข ืืขืคืื ื ืืึธืก ืืฉืืงืึทืืืข ืืื ื ืืืืืง, ืฉืจืืึทืื ืฆื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืขื ืงืืืขื ืึทืจืืืฃ ืืื ืขืคึผืขืก.
ืืื ืืืขื ืขื ืืืงื ืืื ืืขื.
ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืึทืืขืืขื ืืืืขืจ ืกืขืจืคืื ื ืืื ืืึทืงืกืืืื ืงืึธื ืืจืึธื ืืืืขืจ ืื ืื ืคืจืึทืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจ!
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com