ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ื”ืขืœื ื”ืื‘ืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก. ืžื™ืจ ืœืขืกืึธืฃ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืจื™ืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ Elbrus 8C ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–. ืึธืคืคื™ืกื™ืึทืœืœื™, ืกื™ืจื™ืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคืจื™ ื•ื•ื™ 2016, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทืกืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ 2019 ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 4000 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜.

ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืกืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข, ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ NORSI-TRANS, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื‘ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข Yakhont UVM, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ Elbrus 8C ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ MCST. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืงืึธื ืกื•ืžืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื– ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ.

ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ AERODISK ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื–ื™ืš, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข, ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก.

ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข

ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืื•ื•ืขื˜ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืื ื“. ืื™ืŸ 1973, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืงืึทื ื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืจื™ืข ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ ื ืึธืš S.A. ืœืขื‘ืขื“ืขื•ื• (ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื–ืขืœื‘ืŸ ืกืขืจื’ื™ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ืขื•ื•, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ื“ื™ ืื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ ืกืื•ื•ืขื˜ื™ืฉืŸ ืงืืžืคื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขืกื, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ BESM), ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก. ื•ื•ืกืขื•ื•ืึธืœืึธื“ ืกืขืจื’ืขืขื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื‘ื•ืจืฆืขื•ื• ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืคึผืึทืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ืึทืจื˜ืึทืฉืขืกืึธื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื‘ืึทื‘ืึทื™ืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืคึผื•ื˜ืึทื˜ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจื–, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง
ื•ื•ืกืขื•ื•ืึธืœืึธื“ ืกืขืจื’ื™ืขื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื‘ื•ืจืฆืขื•ื•

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง
ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ืึทืจื˜ืึทืฉืขืกืึธื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื‘ืึทื‘ืึทื™ืึทืŸ

ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืงื•ื ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ื™ ืึทืจืžื“ ืคืึธืจืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืกืกืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกืขื ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืกืึทืœ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ-ืฆื™ืœ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ. .

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ 1978. ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืœืขืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ 1 ืฆื• 10 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืกืงื™ืžื–. ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜ 15 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึผืขืจ ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืข. ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข 10 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 2 ืฆื• ื“ื™ 20 ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ 64 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ.

ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื– ืคื™ืœืข ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื–ื ืขืก ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ (ื™ื‘ื) ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืงื ืึทืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก, ื ื™ื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก. ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜.

ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืกืขื•ื•ืึธืœืึธื“ ื‘ื•ืจืฆืขื•ื•, ืกืึธื•ื•ื™ืขื˜ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื– ื’ืขืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจืขืžื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก. ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื™ื ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Burroughs ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก, Hewlett-Packard ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ BESM-6 ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ืคื™ืœืข ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ. ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื–ืึทืš ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ Elbrus-1 ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืกืกืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืื ื“ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 90 ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคืึธืจื“ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืคึผืขื ื˜ื™ื•ื ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–.

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘-ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึผืขืจื™ืคืขืจืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ. ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขื“ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ.

ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-2

ืื™ืŸ 1985, ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ื™ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-2 ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืกืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข. ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ืœ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ 10 ืžืืœ - ืคื•ืŸ 15 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึผืขืจ ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืข ืฆื• 125 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ. ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืฆื• 16 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ 72-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ 144 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ื‘ืึทื ื“ื•ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Elbrus-2 ืื™ืš / ืึธ ื˜ืฉืึทื ืึทืœื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 120 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ / s.

"ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-2" ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืกืขื ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง-70 ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื–ืึทืžืึทืก-16 ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ MCC, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ A-135 ืžื™ืกืึทืœ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืขืจื™ืฉ ืคืึทืกื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–.

ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืื™ื– ืจืขื›ื˜ ืึทืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืื•ื•ืขื˜ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืื ื“. ืคื™ืœืข ืื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืจื™ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื•ื™ื ื˜ ืึธืจื“ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื“ืึทืœื–. ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืกืขื•ื•ืึธืœืึธื“ ื‘ื•ืจืฆืขื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ืึทื™ืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ื“ืขื ืึธืจื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืืงื˜ืื‘ืขืจ ืจืขื•ื•ืืœื•ืฆื™ืข.

ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜-ื“ื™ื–ืขืจื•ื•ื“, ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ืึทื™ืึทืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜:

"ืื™ืŸ 1978, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ, Elbrus-1. ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ 92, ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ 78. ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืขื ื˜ื™ื•ื ืคึผืจืึธ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 95.

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืข ื”ืขื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ USA, Keith Diefendorff, ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืึธืœืึท 88110, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืขืจื‘ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ:

"ืื™ืŸ 1978, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ 15 ื™ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืขืจื‘ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืืจื•ื™ืก, Elbrus-1 ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืงืœ, ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ืžืขื“ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ืึทืฉืึธืจืข."

ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-3

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 1986, ืื•ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข Elbrus, ITMiVT ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผื™ื ื’ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท Elbrus-3 ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ืคืึทื ื“ืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ. ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ื™ื™ึทืึทืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ "ืคึผืึธืกื˜-ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืึทืจ". ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ VLIW / EPIC, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ (ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ 90 ืก) ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ื™ื˜ืึทื ื™ื•ื ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ (ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืกืกืจ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1986 ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ 1991).

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก, ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ืื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืœื™ืกืึทื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœื™ื–ืึทื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“.

ืื™ืŸ 1991 ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ, ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-3 ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื ื‘ืจืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืื•ื•ืขื˜ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืื ื“, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ืืจืฃ ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ.

ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึท ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ

ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ITMiVT ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึธื•ื•ื™ืขื˜ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆืขื‘ืจืื›ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืžืงืกื˜ (ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืคึผืึทืจืง-ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–). ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ 90 ืก, ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืงื•ื•ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ MCST ืื•ืŸ Sun Microsystems ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ MCST ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ UltraSPARC ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธื•ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ืขื ืคึผืขืจื™ืึธื“ ืึทื– ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉื ืึทืœื™ ืคืึทื ื“ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš Sun. ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืคืจืื™ืขืงื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืื ืฆืŸ ืื•ืžืืคื”ืขื ื’ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ืื™ื ื˜ืขืœืขืงื˜ื•ืขืœืข ืคืืจืžืขื’ืŸ ืคืืจ ืื™ื ืื™ื– ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืงืกื˜ ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜.

"ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Sun ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื’ื ื˜, ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจืŸ ืฆื• Sun. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ 90% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ Sun ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ. (ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ื™ืึทืŸ)

E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึธืคื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ IT ืื™ื ื“ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืข:

"ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืจื™ืกืง ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ"
"ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืึธืก ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ"
"ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืื™ื– ืกืคึผืึทืจืง ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ"

ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžืึทื ืฅ ืื™ื– ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืืžืช, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื–, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืืžืช.

ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ E2K ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขื ืขืจื’ื™ืข ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ืกืงืึทืœืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™, ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืœื™ืกืึทื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœื™ื–ืึทื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ MCST ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ-ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืึทืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ (ืึท ืœืึท ืขืคึผื™ืง) ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ SPARC ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ (ืžื™ื˜ ืึท RISC ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜). ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, MCST ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– (Superscalars, Post-Superscalars ืื•ืŸ SPARC). ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงืข ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ.

ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืฆืขืžื™ืฉื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ื•ื•ืึธืก, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืคื™ื™ื“, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืœืืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืžื™ืกืึทื ื“ืขืจืกื˜ืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’.

ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ: "E2K", "Elbrus", "Elbrus 2000", ELBRUS ("ExpLicit Basic Resources Utilization Scheduling", ื“"ื” ื™ืงืกืคึผืœื™ืกืึทื˜ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ). ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื–ืึทืš - ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก, ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ E2K ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื™ื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ "E2K", ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ "ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก".

ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ

ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืื ืขืœืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ RISC ืึธื“ืขืจ CISC (x86, PowerPC, SPARC, MIPS, ARM), ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ ืคืจื™ื™ึท ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ (ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืกืงืึทืœืึทืจ) ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกื“ืจ (ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกื“ืจ). ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืึธืคืขื ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืคึผืขืจ ืฆื™ืงืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืคืึทืจื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืขื ืขืจื’ื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื™ืจื˜ ืžืืœ ืฆื• ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขื ืข. ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื™ื’ื–ืขืงื™ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฆื™ืงืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื ื“ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–: ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขื ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื“ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืฉืคึผืึธืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง.

ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ืคึผืึทืจืก ื“ื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื“ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ื•ื  ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืก RISC / CISC ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ึท ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื•ื ื™ืฅ ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืื ืขืœืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื–.

ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ:

  • 6 ื˜ืฉืึทื ืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื˜ืžืขื˜ื™ืง ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ื•ื ื™ืฅ (ืึทืœื•) ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ.
  • ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹256 84-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจืก.
  • ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื™ื™ืงืึทืœื–, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื™ืขื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผื™ื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืŸ. ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฅ.
  • ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืžืึทื‘ืœืข ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืขืคึผืึทืžืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ื“ืึทื•ื˜ ื˜ืฉืึทื ืึทืœื–. ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืคื•ืœืขืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ALU.
  • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืคึผืจืขื“ื™ืงืึทืฅ. ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ.
  • ื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 23 ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฆื™ืงืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืคื™ืœื•ื ื’ (ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 33 ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก).

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ x86

ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข, ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ Intel x86 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื, ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ (ื“"ื” ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึธื“ืขืจ "ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ") ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืก86 ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ E2K ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืงืึธื•ื“ื–. ื“ืขืจ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžืึธื“ืข (ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ WINE), ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืึธื“ืข ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึท ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ x86 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ).

ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืงืึธื“. ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืก86 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 20 ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ Windows) ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ Elbrus ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ.

ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื’ืขื“ืื ืงืขืŸ ื™ื ื›ืขืจืึทื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-1 ืื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก-2 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขื ืข ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืขืกืึทื ืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ืœืึธื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึท ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ-ืžืึธื“ื•ืœ ืฉื•ืฅ (ืœืžืฉืœ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืš ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง). ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืžืึธื“ืข, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคื•ืœ-ืคืœืขื“ื–ืฉื“ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ื ื˜ื™ืžืข ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืงืึธื“ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ C ++.

ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš "ืึทื ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ื™ื“" ืžืึธื“ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืื–ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ (ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื“ืจืขืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ ืจื•ืคื˜) ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืึทืงืกืขืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืฆื• ืึทื–ืึท ืื ืคืืœืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื•ืกืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืกืคึผืึธืึธืคื™ื ื’.

ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจืŸ, ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืงืึทื˜ืฉืึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืžื– ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืกืงืึทืœืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ื™ื˜ ืฉื•ืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืœืึธื’ืŸ x86 / amd64. ื‘ื•ืงืžืึทืจืงืก ื•ื•ื™ Meltdown (CVE-2017-5754), Specter (CVE-2017-5753, CVE-2017-5715), RIDL (CVE-2018-12126, CVE-2018-12130), Fallout (CVE-2018-12127), ZombieLoad (CVE-2019-11091) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™.

ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ x86 / amd64 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ืึทื– ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืงืึทืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื™ื– ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ 30% ืฆื• 80%. ืžื™ืจ, ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืก86 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• "ืขืกืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืงื˜ื•ืก", ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ืึธืกืคึผ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื– (ืื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทืžืขืจื–) ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ.

ั‚ะตั…ะฝะธั‡ะตัะบะธะต ั…ะฐั€ะฐะบั‚ะตั€ะธัั‚ะธะบะธ

ื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ืฉืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ (4C), ืงืจืึทื ื˜ (8C), ื ื™ื™ึท (8CB) ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ (16C) ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืงืก86 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืืคื™ืœื• ืึท ืงื•ืจืฆืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ (ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืœื’ืขืคืขืœืŸ) ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืึทืงืœืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ืกืขืจืžืึทื•ื ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ 10 ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 2021 ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Elbrus-16C (ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื™ื ื’ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ) ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึทื ืกืึทื–.

SHD AERODISK ืื•ื™ืฃ Elbrus 8C ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–

ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืข ืฆื• ืคื™ืจ. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ืง ื‘ื•ื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ MCST, Aerodisk, Basalt SPO (ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึทืœื˜ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก) ืื•ืŸ NORSI-TRANS, ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜, ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™, ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ , ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’, ืึท ื•ืžืœื™ื™ืงื ื“ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืึทื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื™ืง ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ื”ืขืจืœืึทื ื“.
ืื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ...

ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’

ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืื–ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข Yakhont UVM ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ NORSI-TRANS ืคื™ืจืžืข. ื“ื™ Yakhont UVM ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืึทืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื™ืกืจื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืจืึทื“ื™ืึธ-ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื– (2U ื™ืขื“ืขืจ), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท 1G ืึธื“ืขืจ 10G ืขื˜ื”ืขืจื ืขื˜ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืงืึทื ืขืงื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืขืจื“ ื“ื™ืกืง ืฉืขืœื•ื•ืขืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท SAS ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’.

ื“ืึธืš, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ "ืงืœื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืขืกื˜ืœ" (ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื‘ืึทืงืคึผืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 2U ืฉืึทืกื™) ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜. ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื‘ืึธื•ื•ืก" ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืคึผื˜ืขืจ, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ื”ืขืจื‘ืึธืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ ืกืœืึธืฅ (DDR3 ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท 8C ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ). ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืจืขื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 4 1G ืขื˜ื”ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคึผืึธืจืฅ (ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš AERODISK ENGINE ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜) ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ PCIe ืกืœืึธืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง-ืขื ื“ (SAS) ืื•ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜-ืขื ื“ (ืขื˜ื”ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื‘ืจืขื˜ืฉืึทื ื ืขืœ) ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ืขืจื–.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–, ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ SATA SSD ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ืคื•ืŸ GS Nanotech, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืจื™ืคึผื™ื˜ื™ื“ืœื™ ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขืจืคืึทืœื™ ื™ื’ื–ืึทืžืึทื ื“ ืขืก. ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืื’ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึทื“ืขืจื™ื ื’, ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ืœื™.

ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹OS Alt 8SP ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืึทืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทื’ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’.

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก 4.9 ืงืขืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ E2K (ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš MCST ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ), ืกืึทืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜. ื›ืœ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ALT ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืงืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜.

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Alt OS ืคึฟืึทืจ Elbrus ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืก (ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 6 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืžืงื•ืจ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 12 ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทื ื˜).

ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ Basalt SPO, ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืก, ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืก, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื– ืกื™ืžืœืึทืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ.

ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’, ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื“ ืคืืจืœืื–ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ x2 ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ E86K, ืื•ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš (ืฆื•ืž ื’ืœื™ืง, Alt ื”ืื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื).

ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ืื›ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืขื ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ื’ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ (ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืกื˜ืึทืงืก ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ) ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ (ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืึธืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื›ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆืขืจ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ JIT).

ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื“ื™ E2K ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ AERODISK ENGINE ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ x86. ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹AERODISK ENGINE (A-CORE ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 2.30) ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’

ืึธืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ E2K, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื  ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜:

  • ืฉื•ืœื“ ื˜ืึธืœืขืจืึทื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืคึผืึทื˜ื” ื™ / ืึธ (ืžืคึผื™ืึธ)
  • ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืึทืงืกืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ืžื– (RDG, DDP ืคึผืึธืึธืœืก; FC, iSCSI, NFS, SMB ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข Directory ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ)
  • ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ RAID ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื“ืจื™ื™ึทื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜ื™ (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ RAID ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ)
  • ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ (ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ SSD ืื•ืŸ HDD ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ืขืงืŸ, ื“"ื” ืงืึทืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจื™ื ื’)
  • ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฉืคึผืึธืจืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื“ื•ืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ
  • ROW ืกื ืึทืคึผืฉืึทืฅ, ืงืœืึธื•ื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก
  • ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ QoS, ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื”ืึธืฆืคึผืึทืจืข, VLAN, BOND, ืขื˜ืง.

ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ E2K ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™, ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื– (ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ื˜ืจืขื“ื™ื“ ืื™ืš / ืึธ ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข-ืคืœืึทืฉ ืคึผืึธืึธืœืก ืžื™ื˜ 20-30% .

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืึท ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜.

ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’

ื ืึธืš ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืกืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืžื™ืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืžืึทืกืข ื˜ืขืกืฅ.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื (2xCPU E8C 1.3 Ghz, 32 GB RAM + 4 SAS SSD 800GB 3DWD), ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ ืงืึทืฉ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืคึผืœื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื“ื“ืคึผ ืคึผืึธืึธืœืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ RAID-10 ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ 500G. LUNs ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ LUNs ืื™ื‘ืขืจ iSCSI (10G ืขื˜ื”ืขืจื ืขื˜) ืฆื• ืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก. ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทื•ืจืœื™ ื˜ืขืกืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœ ืžืึทืกืข ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ FIO ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื.

ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ positive.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื‘ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ 60%, ื™.ืข. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ืข ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึธืœืขื.

ื™ืึธ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืžืึทืกืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืœืืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ื“ื‘ืžืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜, ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ 80% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜.

ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืึทืจื™ื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข ื˜ืขืกืฅ ืคื•ืŸ Elbrus ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข.

ื”ืขืœ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹Elbrus 8C ืึทืงืฉืœื™ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก - ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ 2019 ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 4000 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš, ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 4 ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื“ื•ืจ Elbrus 5000C ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืขืก.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืœืึธืจ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืึทืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืงืขืึทืŸ, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืžืึทืจืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืกื˜ืขืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ.
ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ืขื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Elbrus 2020C ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ื– ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ 8, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึท ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก 2020, ื“ื™ Elbrus-8SV ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ MCST ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืฆื• ืžืึทืกืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข.

ืึทื–ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžืึทืจืง.

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืœืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’, ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืขื’ื™ืข, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืื–ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ-ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื (ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ Elbrus-16C). ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืœื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื˜ื ืึธื™ื.

ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืขืคึผืึธืก ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืืœืฅ ืจื•ืคืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืžืึทื ื™ืึทืคืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจืขืจื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืงื ืึทืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ึทืขืš-ื’ืœื•ื™ื ื’ ืœืึทื‘ืขืœืก ืึธืŸ ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืจืขืžื“ ืคืึทื‘ืจื™ืงืึทื ื˜, ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืงืึทืคึผ. ืึทื–ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก, ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ืึท ืฉืึธื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ืึทืคืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจืขืจื–.

ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืงืœืืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื“ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึทืงืข ืื•ืŸ ื™ืคื™ืฉืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก IT ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืคื™ืจ ืกืึทื‘ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืึทืœืข ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ื‘ืข ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ืขืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืขืก ื‘ืขืกืขืจ.

ืฉื“ ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก 8ืง

ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื ื‘ืจืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืกืกืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฆื•ื•ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืื ื“. ืžืข ืŸ ื”ื ื˜ ื–ื™ ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืข ืŸ , ื“ ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ , ืื• ืŸ ื“ ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืœืขืงื˜ื•ืขืœ ืข ืคืืจืžืขื’ ืŸ ืื™ ื– ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขืฐืข ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืืจืŸ , ืคื ืจ ืฐืขืœื› ืŸ ืื™ ืš ืฐืืœ ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืื ืง ื˜ ื“ ื™ ื“ืื–ื™ืง ืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืŸ ื“ืื ืง !

ืึทื– ืก ืึทืœืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืฆื˜, ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืคืจืื’ืขืก ืื•ืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืง. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ.

ืื•ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื›ืึทืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืึทืขืจืึธื“ื™ืกืง ืคื™ืจืžืข, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืจืึทื˜ื•ืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืขืก ืงื”ืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ื ื™ื• ื™ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืฉืŸ 100% ื•ืคึผื˜ื™ืžืข - ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึท ื™ืึธืจ))).

ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜

ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–, ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ:
https://www.ixbt.com/cpu/e2k-spec.html

ื ืงื•ืจืฅ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ "ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก":
https://topwar.ru/34409-istoriya-kompyuterov-elbrus.html

ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ e2k ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ:
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81_2000

ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ 4th ื“ื•ืจ (Elbrus-8S) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 5th ื“ื•ืจ (Elbrus-8SV, 2020):
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81-8%D0%A1

ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ 6 ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– (Elbrus-16SV, 2021):
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81-16%D0%A1

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก:
http://www.elbrus.ru/elbrus_arch

ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข "ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก" ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืงืกืึทืกืงืึทืœ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’:
http://www.mcst.ru/files/5a9eb2/a10cd8/501810/000003/kim_a._k._perekatov_v._i._feldman_v._m._na_puti_k_rossiyskoy_ekzasisteme_plany_razrabotchikov.pdf

ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ Elbrus ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก, ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจื–:
http://www.mcst.ru/files/5472ef/770cd8/50ea05/000001/rossiyskietehnologiielbrus-it-edu9-201410l.pdf

ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ืึทื™ืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง:
http://www.mcst.ru/e2k_arch.shtml

ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ืงื•ื–ืžื™ื ืกืงื™:
https://www.osp.ru/os/1999/05-06/179819

MCST ืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข:
https://yadi.sk/i/HDj7d31jTDlDgA

ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืขืœื‘ืจื•ืก ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข:
https://altlinux.org/ัะปัŒะฑั€ัƒั

https://sdelanounas.ru/blog/shigorin/

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’