ื˜ืจืึทืค ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก: ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ

ื”ืงื“ืžื”

function getAbsolutelyRandomNumer() {
        return 4; // returns absolutely random number!
}

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืกื™ื™ืคืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™, ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ "ืคึผื•ื‘ืœื™ืงืœื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืคื™ืึทื‘ืœืข ืจืึทื ื“ืึธื ื‘ื™ืงืึทืŸ" (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืคึผื•ืจื‘) ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ื ืึธืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื ืึธืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ื“ืขืึทืœ ืกื›ืขืžืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื: ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ, ืขืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืจืึธื•ื ื“ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืœื™ื™ืžืขืก ืฉื ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืคึผื•ื•ื•ืจื‘ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืฉืึทื™ื ืก, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขืจ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผื•ืจื‘, ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื– ื™ืกืขื ืฉืึทืœื™ ืึท ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ = ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืึทื‘ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ื ื™ื˜-ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื“ื•ื•ืึทืจืข - ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ืขืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ PVRB ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื™ื ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืจื•ืคืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื“ืึธืจื‘ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ - ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืึธืคึผื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืกื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืึท ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก. ื“ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง, ืึทื–ื•ื™ PVRB ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ืงืึทืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืžืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ืœืึธืงื˜ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื˜. ืื•ื™ืš, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื ืฅ ืึทื– ื“ื™ PVRB ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึทื’ืจื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื’ืจื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจืึทืค. ืึธื“ืขืจ, PVRB ืื™ื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทืกืœื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืขืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก. ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜-ื ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืึทืœ.

ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ PVRB

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ PVRB - ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืื•ืžืึธืคึผื”ืขื ื’ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก-ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึทื’ืจื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ. ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึธืœืงืก ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื–: ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื, ืขืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื™ืขื ืข ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ.

ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, PVRB ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืงืกืขืคึผืฅ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืกืขืจืก (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืจื™ืคืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ RP), ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ื–ื™ื™, ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื– ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืขืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ืฆื• ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืึทื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืืœื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขืคึผืจื™ื–ืขื ื˜ื™ื“ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืœื™ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื›ืขืžืข, ืจืคึผืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื™ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.

ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜:

  • ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ (ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจืึทื’ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืœืึธืงื˜ืฉื™ื™ืŸ)
  • ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ (ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ)
  • ืงืึทื ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืึทื ืก ืื™ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืกืงื™ืžื– (ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืกื™ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืก ื“ื™ ืฆื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ PVRB)
  • ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืฉืึทื™ื ืก

ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ืกืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–:

  • ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ (ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืงืคึผื• / ืžืขื / ื™ืึธ)
  • ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ (ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื–)
  • ื™ื ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืžืขืกื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืงื˜ืฉื™ื™ืŸ

ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ืึท PVRB ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื ืขืฅ, ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–.

ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก-ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, PVRB ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื ืึธื“ืข ืงืึธื“, ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–. ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผ 2 ืคึผ ื ืขืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก, ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– PVRB ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื“ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืขืกืงืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ PVRB ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ - ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึทื’ืจื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืขืก, PVRB ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึทื– ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง ืื™ื– ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผื•ื•ื•ืจื‘ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื•ื•ืจื‘ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ "ืงืึทื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก-ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“" ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜, ื“ื™ PVRB ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ PVRB ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉื•ื–. ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืกืึทื– ืึทื– ืœืึทืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง (ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื) ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืœืขืฆื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืจืœื ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืคืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ื’ืึธืคึผืœ ืึทืงืขืจื–. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืงืึธื™ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื - ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืข ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ EOS, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ืึธื ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขื ืข ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 432 ื‘ืœืึทืงืก (12 * 21 + 12 * 15, ืคืึทืจ-ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ + ืคืึทืจ-ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ). ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ืงืœื™ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ 2/3 ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืกืขืจืก (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืจื™ืคืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ BP) ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึธืจืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข LIB, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธื•ืœื“ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ื”ืื˜. ืื•ื™ืš, ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš 2/3 ื‘ืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืคึผืขืจืœืขื“ื–ืฉืขืจ, ื˜ืขื ื“ืขืจืžื™ื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผื‘ืคื˜-ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก. ืื•ื™ืš, ืขืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืคื™ื ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ ืึทืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทืกืœื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก. ื“ืึธ ืก ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื.

ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธืŸ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ืžืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท "ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ" ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ื•ื•ื• ื‘ืคึผ "ื”ืึทืœื˜" ื‘ืœืึทืงืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ื”ืื˜ "ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ" ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™, ื“ื™ ืืจื•ื™ืก ื’ืึธืคึผืœ ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท "ื’ื•ื˜" ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท "ืฉืœืขื›ื˜" ื’ืึธืคึผืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื’ืขืœื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ PVRB, ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ืกื˜ืจื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ PVRB ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ืจืึทืค ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืจืขื•ื•ืขื›ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’.

ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ - ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื‘ืœืึธืง = ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื˜ืจืึทืค, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื™ืฆื˜ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืื™ืŸ N ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ.

ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก-ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜:

  • ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทืก ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื‘ืœืึทืงืก - ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื, ื“ื™ PVRB ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธืง
  • ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™, ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื™ืžืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ
  • ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ

ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ืกืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–:

  • ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ - ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ ื ืขืฅ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก, ืคืขืœื ื“ื™ืง ื ืึธื•ื“ื–, ื ืขืฅ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืงืก
  • ื™ืžืคึผืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืึท ื ืขืฅ ื”ืึทืจื“ืคืึธืจืง

ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ PVRB ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืฉืึทื™ื ืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ืื™ื– ืึธืคื˜ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™, ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืงืœืืจ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœื™ืง, ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืื™ื– ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื•ื ื’ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ืงืกื ืึทืจืงืก ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื)

ื‘ืœืึธืงืงื˜ืฉืึทื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืžืขืกื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืงืึทื ืึทืœ, ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืจื™ื™. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื™ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ; ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืฃ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกืขืจื˜ืึทื“ ืคืึธืจืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทืงืึทื•ื ืฅ, ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจื– ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ื™ื˜ืจืึทืจื™ืฉ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ.

ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–.

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ืœื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื ืึธืš ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืคึผื•ืจื‘, ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคื™ืœืข ื’ืึทืžื‘ืœื™ื ื’ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ืึทื ื–. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทื ืขืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื’ืึทืžื‘ืœื™ื ื’ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืขืึธืก? ื“ืึธืก ืกืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืกืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ื™ื– ืื™ืจ, ื•ื•ื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข "ืคึผืขืจืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜" ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข?

ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื™ื‘ืกื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืงื˜ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ "ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ" ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึธืง ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก - ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื›ืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก. ื’ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืกืงื™ืžื– ื“ืึธ. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ "ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ" ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื”ืึทืฉ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–, ื ืขืฅ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ. ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ื”ืึทืฉ ื–ื™ื™, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืข, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื˜ืจืึทืค. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืคึผืึทืคึผืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืื™ื– "ืคึผืึธืกื˜-ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ" (ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื-ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ื”ืึทืฉ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– :)).

ืื‘ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืึธืš-ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื”ืึทืฉืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™. ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ื“ ืœื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ PVRB, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ:

  1. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทื‘ืึทื‘ืœื™ ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’, ื“"ื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืจืึทื‘ืึทื‘ืœื™ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™.
  2. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืึทื ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืึทื ืก, ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ืงืึทื ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืขื“ื™ืงื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ.
  3. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ
  4. ืึทืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ืงืึทืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขืจืœืขืš ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ (ืœืžืฉืœ, 1/3 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ).

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ 1 ืื™ื– ื‘ืื’ืขื’ื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ 2 ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืื’ืขื’ื ื˜. ื“ื•ืจืš ื›ืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื–. ืึธื‘ืขืจ BP ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืฆื• "ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึธืง ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜." ืื–ื•ื™, BP ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก: "ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข" ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึธืง. ื‘ืคึผ ืงืขืŸ "ืกื ื•ืคึผืŸ" ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง, ืื•ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืื–ื•ื™, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืœื˜, ืœืžืฉืœ, "ืืคื™ืœื•-ืžืึธื“ื ืข" ืึธื“ืขืจ "ืจื•ื™ื˜ / ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฅ" ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืœืขื˜, ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืจ ื–ืขื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืขื’ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื ื™ืฆืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง ื”ืึทืฉ "ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜" ืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจืงืึทื‘ืึทืœ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– "ืจืึทื ื“ืึธื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื›ืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ื™ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, N + 42, ื•ื•ื• N ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื”ื™ื™ืš. ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืจืขื ื’ื˜ืึทื ื– ื“ื™ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื‘ืคึผ, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ.

ื‘ืคึผ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืžืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ืœ. ืกื™ืžืคึผืœื™, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื ืขืœ ื˜ืฉืขืง ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ, ืขืคืฉืขืจ, ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืš ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื’. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ื‘ืคึผ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–; ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ืึทื“ืจืขืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืขืงืŸ ื—ืฉื“.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื•ืจื‘. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืกื™ื–ืขืก, ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ / ืึธื“ืขืจ KYC ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข (ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทื“ืจืขืกืขืก), ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ืžื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจื™ื™ึท, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขืจ.

ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ-ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ.

ืึธื•ืงื™ื™, ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื›ืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื”ืึทืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜-ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจื–, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืžืขืจ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืกื›ืขืžืข - ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ื“ื™ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก: ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื–ืึทืš ืื™ืŸ IT ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– :)

ื ื ืึทื™ื•ื• ืกื›ืขืžืข, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึท ื”ืึทืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืึทื›ืึทืงืœ, ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ, ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ืฉื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื˜ืจืึทืค, ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืœื™ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืŸ-ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกื™ืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื”ืึทืฉืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื– (ืงืึทืžื™ืฅ), ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื– ื–ื™ืš (ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื–). ื“ื™ "ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ" ืคืึทืกืข ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืงืึทืžื™ื˜ืžืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืืžืœื˜, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทืค ื”ืึทืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ. ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึธืง, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ (ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก), ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื•ื•ืึทืœืึท - ื“ื™ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜! ืื™ืฆื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจ ื™ื ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก, ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ "ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื’ืŸ" ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื‘ืคึผ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืจื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜, ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ... ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืคืŸ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข - ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื’ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืกื•ืžืข ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ - ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืงืึทืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืคึผืจืึทืคื™ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืกืงื™ืžื– ืื•ื™ืš ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทืคึผืคึผืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’. ืื™ืฆื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืขื ื•ื ื’ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืคื•ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทืค - -ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืขืจ (ืจืคึผ) ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฆื™ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก.
ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืจืึธืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื›ืขืžืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜ื™ืง. ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึผืึทืฉื˜ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืžื™ื™ึทืœืข - ืžืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช.

ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืคึผ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ืคึผืกืขื•ื•ื“ืึธ-ืจืึทื ื“ืึธื ื ื•ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท "ืคึผืจืขื™ืžืึทื’ืข" - ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื›ืกื™ืžืข. ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืื™ื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, RSA, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ECS. ืื•ื™ื‘ RP ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ: RSA ืื•ืŸ ECC, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ RSA ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ONE AND ONLY ONE ื›ืกื™ืžืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ECS ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ECS ื›ืกื™ืžืข, ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜, ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’, ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ RSA: "ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜" + "ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึผืึธืจ" = "ืื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืกื™ืžืข". ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืกื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืจ.ืคึผ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื˜ืจืึทืค. ื“ืขื ืกื›ืขืžืข ืกืึทื•ื•ืขืก ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืงื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ื“ื™ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ "ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ" ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ื“ืขืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฆื™ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื›ืขืžืข, ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื”ืึทืฉืขืก ืฆื• ืขืก, ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื ื“ืก ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืขื“ื™ืงื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืก, ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก, ื ืึธืš ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึทื ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•. ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฅ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ RSA ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ (1024 ืื•ืŸ 2048 ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ) ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ. ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืžืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ.

PVRB ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ื“ ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืกืงื™ืžื–

ืื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืงื™ืžื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ื•ื•ืขืจื˜, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืึทื–ืึท ืกืงื™ืžื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ. ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืฉืžื™ืจ ืก ืกื•ื“ ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืกื›ืขืžืข. ืขืก ื“ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืึท ืกื•ื“ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึท ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ) ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• N ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ. ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ื“ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคืืจืฉืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื–ื•ื™, ืื– ืž'ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ' ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืจื™ื’ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืž' ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ M ืคื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜.
ื ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืก ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ืึทืงืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ื– ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืžืึธ ื‘ืœืึทื˜.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ FSSS (Fiat-Shamir Secret Sharing) ืกื›ืขืžืข ืื™ื– ืึธื ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื, ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ื™ื ื“ืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืคึผื•ื•ื•ืจื‘. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืคืึธืจืขื, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืงืขืŸ ืงื•ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

  • ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ืฅ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ืฉืึทืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ
  • ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืงืจื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ
  • ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ M ืฉืึทืจืขืก, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื˜ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ
  • ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื– ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืคึผื•ืจื‘

ื“ืึธ, ืึท ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื™ื ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืกืขืก ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึทื ื“ืึทืžื ืึทืก ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืงื•ื ื’ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืึธืจืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจืคึผืก ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื, ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ "ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ" ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื.

ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืืœ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข, ื“ื™ PVRB ืกื›ืขืžืข ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Fiat-Shamir ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืขืก ืงืึธืคึผ-ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ. ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืข ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ EOS ืกืžืึทืจื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืœ - ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืืจื•ื™ืก ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ: ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืงืึทืœืึทืจ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืคึผืœื™ืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก. ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ืึทื ื–, ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืงืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธืง-ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜. . ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข, ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ (0.5 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก).

ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืกืงื™ืžื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ. ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจื•ืคืก, ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ - ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื•ืกื™ื“ื–ืฉืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง-ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืกื˜ - ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผื•ื•ื•ืจื‘.

PVRB ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืงืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื•ื“ ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืกื›ืขืžืข, ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืคึฟืึทืจืื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื•ืขืจื“ "ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ". ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื“ื™ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ M ืขืจืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ N, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ื™ื˜ืจืึทืจื™ืฉ ืกืึทื‘ืกืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ N, ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ "ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ" ืกืงื™ืžื–. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ "ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ" ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ื“, ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ, ืขืจืœืขืš ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื. ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ืžื– ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ.

ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกืงื™ืžื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืžืึทืกื™ื ื’ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ืคึผื•ื•ื•ืจื‘ - ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ื“ืึธ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืก ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื’ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทืฉ.

ื“ืขืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืจ ืืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื‘ืืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– (BLS ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ Boneh-Lynn-Shacham, ื“ืึธ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื– - ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš, ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ื, ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ื™ืกืŸ ืคื™ืœืข. ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜, ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก M ืคื•ืŸ N ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง, ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืขืคื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ Mth. ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ .

ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกื›ืขืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืžื™ื˜ BLS (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื˜ืจืึทืค), ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ื˜ืจืึทืค. ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜, ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ "ืœืขืฆื˜ืข-ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ", ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขืจ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึทื’ื’ืจืขื’ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ. .

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ PVRB ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืžืกืชึผืžื ืกื•ืฃ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ BLS ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืกื›ืขืžืข, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืขืก. ืœืžืฉืœ, DFinity (ื“ืึธ ื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉืžืึทืจืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืกื•ื“ ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’), ืึธื“ืขืจ Keep.network (ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื‘ื™ืงืึทืŸ ื’ืขืœ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ).

ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ PVRB

ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืœืึทืงืฉืึทื™ื ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ื–ื™ืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜, ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืœื™ ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืจื™ื ื’. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, PVRB ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืึธื ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ: ืงืคึผื•, ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ, ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ, I/O. ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืึท PVRB ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฅ ืžืขืจ ื™ืคื™ืฉืึทื ื˜ืœื™, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืžืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืจืคึผ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืขื”.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ืฉื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึผื•ืจื‘:

  • ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืึทื ื‘ื™ื™ืึทืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ, ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืงื™ืžื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืึท ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคืขืจ
  • ื“ื™ "ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ" ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ืึทื˜ืึทืงืก ื•ื•ื• ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืจืคึผืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ืงืึทืžื–.
  • ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืฆื• ืื ืคืืœืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืจืคึผืก ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื“ื– ืฆื™ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก ืฆื• ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื.
  • ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืคึผืก ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืกื™ื ื˜ืฉืจืึธื ืึธื•ืก ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ื•ื•ื™ "ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืงื˜ืขืจ." ืื™ืŸ ืคึผ2ืคึผ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื’ืขืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœืœื™ ื“ื™ืกืคึผืขืจืกื˜, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืฉื ืขืœ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ
  • ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™. ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ PVRB ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื’ืจื™ื ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืœืข ืคื•ืœ ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜, ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’
  • ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืกืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื˜ืจืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืฆื• ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ื•ื•ื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืื™ื– ืึทื ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RP ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทืคึผืก ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ
  • ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PVRB ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ื“ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ
  • ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก. ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’, ืคึผื™ืจืกืขื, ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ื˜ืขืกืฅ, ืืื–"ื• ื•.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื - ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ, โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ึทืœืขื›ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ืขืฅ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืจืึทื ื“, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจื™ื™ึท, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืข. , ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืกื›ืขืžืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ . ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืึธื ืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืžื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืงืึทืœืœื™, ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ื“ืจืึธืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ (ืกืœืึทืฉื™ื ื’) ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธื›ืคืึธืœื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืื•ื™ืš, BLS ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืขืึธืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื‘ืึทืกืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ EVM, ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ. ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ (ื ืึธืš), ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื˜ืขื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžืืœ ืกืœืึธื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืึทื ื•ื•ืขื ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื–. ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื‘ืึทื ื“, ืœืžืฉืœ 1024 ืื•ืŸ 2048 ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ RSA, 4-8 ืžืืœ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืงืึธื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืขื•ื.

ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืžื™ื ื’ ืฉืคืจืึทื›ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืคื™ืขืกืขืก ืึท ืจืึธืœืข - ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก. ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ Go for get, ืื™ืŸ Rust for Parity, ืื™ืŸ C ++ ืคึฟืึทืจ EOS. ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืงืึธื“, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื ืึธืขื ื˜ ืคืจืขื ื“ื–, ื•ื•ืขื‘ืึทืกืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืžื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ.

ืกืึธืฃ

ืื™ืš ื”ืืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฆื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึทื– ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืœืข ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ืึทืžื‘ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื–. ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืงืึทื ื“ืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืึทืกื™ื•ื• ื˜ืขืกืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืฆื• ืฉื•ืœื“ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ืœื™ื™ืงืœื™ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜-ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืจืขืกืึทืคึผื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ื”ื™ื˜ืขืคึผืึทืคึผืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ "ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜."

ื‘ื™ื™, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื”ื™ื™ึทืึท, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ PVRB ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื•ื’ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืกืงื™ืžื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ: ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ื˜ื™ื™ึทืขืจ ืกื•ื“ ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ืจืึทื ื“ืึธื_ืกื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืึธืคื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื˜ืจืึทืค-ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ BLS ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื–, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ืžื–. ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ืึทื–, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ืึท ื ืขื’ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ึท ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืึท ืฉืจื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ, ืžื™ืจ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื - ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ื’ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš ืžืงื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืจืึธืคึผื™, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื™ื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ื’ืึทื•ื•ืขืจื ืึทื ืก.

ืื•ืŸ ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื–ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื™ืง ืคึผื•ืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงื›ื™ื™ืึทื ื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทื“ืึทืฅ, ืœืึธื•ื“ื–, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืื ืคืืœืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืคึผืึทื˜ืก ืงืึทื ืคืขืจืžื– ืึทื– ืึท ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก - ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื™ืžื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื’ืจืึทื‘ืœื™ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžื™ืกื˜ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื˜ืจืึทืค, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืจื™ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ืืœืื’ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง :)

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

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