snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืกื ืžืคึผ

ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Mikrotik. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืื™ื– ืจืขืœืขืึทืกืขื“ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ RouterOS. ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 4.0 ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ืึธื•ื–.

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื“ืึธ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื ืขืฅ: ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึท ืึธื ื–ืึธื’. ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื“ืจื™ืงื˜ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื“ืจื™ืงื˜ ืœื™ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืจื•ื™ื˜ ืคึผืœื•ืก) ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื˜, ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ, ืขืก ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืขืก, ื’ื™ื˜ ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ-ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ, ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ "ืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ืขืจ" ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ "ื’ื•ื˜":

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืจืขื›ื˜ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ View:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืคืขืœื“ ืžื™ืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ OIDs:
[Device.Name] - ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ
[ืึธื™ื“ ("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.5.1.1.16.1")] - ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ
[ืึธื™ื“ ("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.6.1.1")] - ืคึผืึทื˜ืจืึธืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผ
[ืึธื™ื“ ("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1")] - ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”
ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“ืœ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ืขืจืก oid ("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1") ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”; ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืฆื• ื“ืจื•ืงืŸ. ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืฆื• ื“ืจื•ืงืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทื˜ืจืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 100. ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ "View" ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื–:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื“ืจื™ืงื˜ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข (ืจื•ื™ื˜ ืคึผืœื•ืก):

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืš ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืคืขืœื“, ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืžื•ืœืข ืื•ืŸ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ:

round(100*oid("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1")/oid("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.8.1.1"))

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข, ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ [ืึธื™ื“ ("1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1")] ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืจื•ืคืŸ [ื˜ืึธื ืขืจ ()]

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืŸ. ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืึธื™ื“ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ SNMP ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ืจืขื›ื˜ ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ - Snmp ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ื ื‘ื•ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืจืขื›ื˜ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข OID.

ื ืึธื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉ (ืคึผืึทื˜ืจืึธืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ื™ืก). ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ, ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื•ืก ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ (ืœื™ื™ื’ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ื ืกื˜):

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืึธื ื“ ืคืขืœื“, ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื“ืึทืฅ ืฆื• ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ื–ืึธื ื“:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื–ืึธื ื“, ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื™ื˜ ืคึผืœื•ืก:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืื™ืš ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ืขืก ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ, ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ SNMP, ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึทื’ืขื ื˜, ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืกื ืžืคึผ ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœ,
ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจืŸ ืึธื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” 1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1, ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืึธื™ื“ ื™ื ื˜ืขื’ืขืจ, ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื•ืคึฟืŸ >= 1

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืžื™ืจ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืึธื ื“ ืคืขืœื“ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 80, ื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ืจื•ื™ื˜:

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

snmp ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’