"ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืึทืจืืืคึฟืืขืฉืืขืื ืึท ืืขืืขืคืึธื ืคึฟืึทืจืืื ืืื ื ืฆืืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืกืจื ...", ืงืืืื ืจืึทืง ... ืืขืืืื ืืื ืึทื ืืื ืืขืจืืืื:
"ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืืืืคึผื ืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืขืคืจืขืื ืืืืฃ ืื ืืขืืขืคืึธื, "ืฆื ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ื?"
"ืื, ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ื," ืืื ืืขืงืืืขื ืืขืจ ืขื ืืคืขืจ.
"ืืืจ ืืืืคึผื ืื ืึธ, ืืื ืืืจ ืืขืคืจืขืื, "ืฆื ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืึธ."
"ืื, ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืึธ."
"ืืขืจื ืึธื ืืืจ ืืืืคึผื ืื G, ืืื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืงืจืึทืฉื" ...ื ืึธื ืึท ืจืขืืืึธืืืฆืืข ืืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ...
ืืขืจ ืึธื ืืืื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื.
ืืขืื ืึทืืขืืขื!
ืืืึทื ื ืึธืืขื ืืื ืืืขืงืกืื ืืขืจ, ืืื ืืื ืึท ื ืขืฅ ืื ืืฉืขื ืืจ ืืื Linxdatacenter. ืืื ืืืึทื ื ืก ืึทืจืืืงื ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืจืขืื ืืืขืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืืืืืื (ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืขืงืกืืฉืึทื ืืข ืคึผืึธืื ืฅ, IXP): ืืืึธืก ืคึผืจืืกืืืึทื ืืืืขืจ ืืืืกืืขื, ืืืึธืก ืืึทืกืงืก ืืื ืกืึธืืืืข ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืขืืืื. ืืืื ืืื ืืขื ืึทืจืืืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืึทืืืืึทืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโIXP ื ืืฆื ืื EVE-NG ืคึผืืึทืืคืึธืจืืข ืืื ืื BIRD ืืืืืืืืืจื ืจืึทืืืขืจ, ืึทืืื ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืึท ืคืืจืฉืืื ื ืคืื ืืื ืขืก ืึทืจืืขื "ืืื ืืขืจ ืื ืงืึทืคึผืืขืจ".
ื ืืืกื ืคืื ืืขืฉืืืืข
ืืืื ืืืจ ืงืืง , ืืขืืึธืื ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืืขื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืืึผืงืก ืืื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืืืืืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ืืื 1993. ืืึธืก ืืื ืจืขืื ืฆื ืืขื ืคืึทืงื ืึทื ืจืืึฟ ืคืื ืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื ืืื ืืืจืืืขืืื ืืขื ืืืจื ืื ืื. ืขืก. ืืึทืงืืึธืื ื ืขืฅ. ืึทืืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืืืขื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืขืืื ืืขื ืคืื ืึทื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ืืื ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจืืึทื ืฆื ืึทื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ืืื ืืืึทืืฉืืึทื ื, ืขืก ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืขืจืฉืืขืจ ืคืื ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจืืึทื ืฆื ืื USA, ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืึธืื ืคืื ืื USA ืฆื ืืืึทืืฉืืึทื ื. ืื ืืึทืงืืึธืื ื ืขืฅ ืืื ืืขื ืคืึทื ืึทืงืืึทื ืืื ืึท ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืฆืืืืฉื ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจืืึทื ืืื ืืืึทืืฉืืึทื ื. ืืคืืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืึทื ื ืึธืคื ืืืจืืืขืืื ืืขื ื ืื ืืืืึทื, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืจื ืื ืืึทืงืืึธืื ื ืขืืืืึธืจืงืก ืคืื ืืืขืจืืงืื ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื.
ืืขื ืฉืืึทื ืคืื ืขื ืื ืื ืึทืคืขืงืืึทื ื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืคึผืจืืึทื ืคืื ืืขืืืืืขืจืื ื ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืื ืื ืงืืืึทืืืืขื ืคืื ืืฉืึทื ืึทืื ืืื ืืืืืื. ืื ืฆืื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขืฅ ืืื ืืฆืขืจ ืืื ืืขืฉืืืื, ื ืฒึทืข ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจืก ืืึธืื ืืื ืืึทืืืืื, ืืขืจ ืืึทื ื ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืื ืืขืืืืงืกื, ืืื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืจื ืขืฅ ืืื ืืขืจืืืึทืงืกื. ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืึทืจืื ืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืฉืืืื ืึทื ืึท ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืืึทืกืืืง ืฆืืืึทื ื ืฆื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืื ืืขืจ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ืื ืืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ืืื ืืืจืฃ. "ืคืืจืืืืก ืืึธื ืืื, ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ื, ืืึทืฆืึธืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืืืจื ืื ืื ืืขืจ ืืึทื ื ืฆื ืฆืืฉืืขืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ื, ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืืืึทืืขืจ ืืึทืก?" ืืึธืก ืืื ืืขืขืจืขื ืื ืงืฉืื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืืขืืขืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื. ืืืื, ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ืงืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ืฆื ืืขืจืฉืืึทื ืขื ืืื ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืืืืื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืืืขืื ืืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืืึธืจ ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ืืจืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ืงืื:
- 1994 - LINX ืืื ืืึธื ืืึธื,
- 1995 - DE-CIX ืืื ืคืจืื ืงืคืืจื,
- 1995 โ MSK-IX, ืืื ืืึธืกืงืืืข, ืืื"ื ื.
ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืืขื
ืงืึทื ืกืขืคึผืืฉืืึทืื, ืื ืึทืจืงืึทืืขืงืืฉืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืึธืืขืจื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืืืฉืืืื ืคืื ืคืืืข ืึธืืึทื ืึทืืึทืก ืกืืกืืขืืขื (AS) ืืื ืคืืืข ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื ืฆืืืืฉื ืืื, ืืืืืข ืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืึทืืืฉืืงืึทื, ืืืึธืก ืืึทืฉืืืืขื ืืขื ืืืขื ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคืื ืืืื AS ืฆื ืื ืืขืจื.
ASs ืืขื ืขื ืืืืฉืึทืืืึทืื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืคึผืจืึทืืืืืืขืจื, CDNs, ืืึทืื ืกืขื ืืขืจืก ืืื ืคืึทืจื ืขืืื ื ืกืขืืืขื ื ืงืึธืืคึผืึทื ืืขืก. ืึทืกืกืขืก ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืืึทืืืฉืืงืึทื ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื (ืคึผืืจืื ื) ืฆืืืืฉื ืืื, ืืืืฉืึทืืืึทืื ื ืืฆื ืื BGP ืคึผืจืึธืืึธืงืึธื.
ืืื ืึธืืึทื ืึทืืึทืก ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืื ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื ืืื ืืืฉืืืกื ืืืจื ืึท ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืกืืืืช:
- ืืขืึธืืจืึทืคึฟืืฉืข,
- ืขืงืื ืืืืฉืข,
- ืคืืืืืืฉืข,
- ืึทืืจืืืึทื ืฅ ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืกื ืืื ืืขืจืขืกื ืฆืืืืฉื AS ืึธืื ืขืจื,
- ืืื"ื ื
ืคืื ืงืืจืก, ืืขื ืกืืขืืข ืืื ืึท ืืืืขืจ ืกืืจืืงืืืจ ืืื ืืืืขืจืึทืจืงื. ืืืื, ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืืขื ืขื ืฆืขืืืืื ืืื tier-1, tier-2 ืืื tier-3, ืืื ืืืื ืื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืืืืข ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืฉืคึผืืึทืืขืจ (tier-3) ืืขื ืขื, ืืื ืึท ืืขืจืฉื, ืคึผืจืึธืกื ื ืืฆืขืจืก, ืืขืืึธืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ tier-1 ืืืจืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืืขื ืขื ืื ืืขืจืข ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื. Tier-3 ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืฆืื ืืืคืืืกื ืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคืื ืืืืขืจ ืืืื ืขื ืื, Tier-2 ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืื ืงืขืจ, ืึทืืืจืขืืืจื ืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคืื Tier-3 ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืื Tier-1 - ืึทืืข ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ.
ืกืืขืืึทืืืฉ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืจืขืคึผืจืืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืึธืก:
ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืึทื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืคืื ืื ืึธ ืฆื ืฉืคึผืืฅ, ื.ื. ืคืื ืกืืฃ ื ืืฆืขืจืก ืฆื ืจืื-1 ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื. ืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืึท ืืึธืจืืืึธื ืืึทื ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆืืืืฉื ืึทืกืก ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืืขืขืจืขื ืขืงืืืืืืึทืืขื ื ืฆื ืืขืืขืจ ืื ืืขืจืขืจ.
ืึท ืื ืืึทืืจืึทื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืืืืงืขืจ ืฆืืื ืึท ืืืกืึธืจื ืคืื ืืขื ืกืืขืืข ืืื ืึท ืืืืขืจ ืฆืขืืืฉืื ื ืคืื ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื ืฆืืืืฉื ืึธืืึทื ืึทืืึทืก ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืืืื ื ืขืขื ืืขืจ ืฆื ืืขืจ ืกืืฃ ืืึทื ืืฆืขืจ, ืืื ืึท ืืขืึธืืจืึทืคึฟืืฉ ืืขืื ื. ืืึทืืจืึทืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืื:
ืืืืืจ ืื ื ืขืืขื, ืื ืืื ื ืืจืืืกืขืจ ืฉืืื ืืขื ืขื ืคืืจืื 5 ืืขืืขืงืื-ืืคืขืจืืืืจื, ืฆืืืืฉื ืืืขืืืข ืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืจืืื ืืืืจื, ืฆืืืื ืืืื ืืืขืจ ืื ืืขืจืข ืกืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืืื.
ืืืื ืืขืจ ืืึทื ืืฆืขืจ Petya, ืงืึธื ื ืขืงืืขื ืฆื ืื Go ISP, ืืืื ืฆื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืึท ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืคืืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืื ASM ืฉืคึผืืึทืืขืจ, ืืขืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆืืืืฉื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืขืฆืืืื ืืขื ืฆื ืคืึธืจื ืืืจื 5 ืึธืืึทื ืึทืืึทืก ืกืืกืืขืืขื. ืืขื ืื ืงืจืืกืื ืื ืคืึทืจืืึทืืื ืืืืึทื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ื ืขืฅ ืืขืืืืกืขืก ืืืจื ืืืึธืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขื ืืืื ืื ืงืจืืกืื, ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืึทื ื ืคืื ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืืฃ ืึธืืึทื ืึทืืึทืก ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืฆืืืืฉื Go ืืื ASM.
ืืื ืึทืืื ืฆื ืจืขืืืฆืืจื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืึทืกืก ืืืึธืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืื ืืขืฆืืืื ืืขื ืฆื ืคืึธืจื ืืืจื? ืึทื ืก ืจืขืื - ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื.
ืืืึทื ื, ืื ืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ืก ืคืื ื ืืึทืข IXPs ืืื ืืขืืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืขืืืข ืืืืขืจืคืขื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืื ืคืจื 90 ืก-2000 ืก, ืืืืื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืงืืขื ืขืจืขืจ ืืืึธื, ืืื ืขื ืืคืขืจ ืฆื ืื ืื ืงืจืืกืื ื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืืืขืจื ืืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ, ืื ืืจืึธืืื ื ืกืืืข ืคืื โโืืื ืืึทืื ืืืฉืขื ืขืจืืืืึทื ืืืจื CDN ื ืขืืืืึธืจืงืก ืืื ืืึทืื ืกืขื ืืขืจืก.
ืืืึธืก ืืื ืึท ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื?
ื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื ืืื ืึท ืึธืจื ืืื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืขื ื ืขืฅ ืื ืคืจืึทืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจ ืืื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืืื ืืขืจืขืกืืจื ืืื ืงืขืื ืฆืืึทืืืง ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืงืขืื ืฆืืึทืืืง ืคึผืืจืื ื. ืื ืืืืคึผื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืืืืืื: ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืคึผืจืึทืืืืืืขืจื, ืืื ืืึทืื ืคึผืจืึทืืืืืืขืจื ืืื ืืึทืื ืกืขื ืืขืจืก. ืืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ืงืื, ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืืขืจ ืื ืืขืจืขืจ. ืืึธืก ืึทืืึทืื ืืืจ ืฆื ืกืึธืืืืข ืื ืคืืืืขื ืืข ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืก:
- ืจืขืืืฆืืจื ืืืืืึทื ืกื,
- ืจืขืืืฆืืจื ืื ืกืืืข ืคืื โโืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ,
- ืึทืคึผืืึทืืืื ืจืืืื ื ืฆืืืืฉื AS.
ืงืึทื ืกืืืขืจืื ื ืึทื IXPs ืืขื ืขื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืื ืืื ืคืืืข ืืจืืืก ืฉืืขื ืึทืจืื ืื ืืืขืื, ืืึธืก ืึทืืข ืืื ืึท ืืืืืืืืืง ืืืืจืงืื ื ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืจื ืขืฅ ืืื ืึท ืืึทื ืฅ.
ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืกืืืืึทืฆืืข ืืื Petya ืืื ืกืึทืืืื ืืื IXP, ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืขืคึผืขืก ืืื ืืึธืก:
ืืื ืึทืืื ืึทืจืืขื ืึท ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื?
ืืื ืึท ืืขืจืฉื, ืึทื IXP ืืื ืึท ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืึทืก ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืขื ืข ืืืึธืง ืคืื ืขืคื ืืืขื IPv4 / IPv6 ืึทืืจืขืกืขืก.
ืื IXP ื ืขืฅ ืืขืจืกืื ืก ืืืฉืืืื ืคืื ืึท ืงืขืกืืืืขืจืืืง L2 ืคืขืื. ืืื ืืึธืก ืืื ืคืฉืื ืึท ืืืืึทื ืืืึธืก ืืึธืกืฅ ืึทืืข ืื IXP ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ. ืืืขื ืขืก ืงืืื ืฆื ืืจืขืกืขืจืข, ืืขืึธืืจืึทืคืืงืึทืืื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืืขืืืืื IXPs, ืืขืงื ืึทืืึทืืืฉืื ืึทืืึท ืืื MPLS, VXLAN, ืขืืง ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืขืืืืื ื ืฆื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืึท L2 ืคืขืื.
IXP ืขืืขืืขื ืื
- SKS. ืขืก ืืื ืืึธืจื ืืฉื ืืืืขืืืืื ืืืขื ืืึธ: ืจืึทืงืก, ืึธืคึผืืืฉ ืงืจืืึทื-ืงืึทื ืขืงืฅ, ืืึทืืข ืคึผืึทื ืึทืื.
- ืกืืืืืฉืื - ืื ืืงืขืจ ืคืื IXP. ืื ืืึทืฉืืืืขื ืคึผืึธืจื ืืื ืื ืคึผืึธืืืฆืืข ืคืื ื ืืื ืื IXP ื ืขืฅ. ืื ืกืืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืืคืืจื ืึท ืืืื ืคืื ืื ืืืืขืจืืืื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื - ืืื ืคืืืืขืจ ืึธืคึผืคืึทื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืึธืก ืืึธื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืื ืืืืฃ ืื IXP ื ืขืฅ. ืืื ืึท ืืขืจืฉื, ืกืืืืืฉืื ืืขื ืขื ืืืืกืืขืงืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ืึทื ืจืขืงืืืืจืขืืขื ืฅ - ืจืืืืืึทืืืืึทืื, ืืขืฉืืืฆื ืคึผืึธืจื ืกืคึผืืื, ืืืืขืจืืืื ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื, sFlow ืฉืืืฆื, ืขืืง.
- ืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ (RS) - ืึท ืื ืืึทืืจืึทื ืืื ื ืืืืืง ืืืื ืคืื ืงืืื ืืึธืืขืจื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื. ืืขืจ ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืืื ืืืืขืจ ืขื ืืขื ืฆื ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืจืขืคืืขืงืืึธืจ ืืื iBGP ืึธืืขืจ ืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืื OSPF ืืื ืกืึทืืืื ืื ืืขืืืข ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืก. ืืื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืืื ืึท ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื ืืืืงืกื, ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื BGP ืกืขืฉืึทื ื ืืืึธืก ืืขืืขืจ ืืึทืืืืืืงืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฃ ืฆื ืฉืืืฆื ืื ืงืจืืกืื, ื.ื. ืืึธืก ืืื ืจืขืืึทื ืืกืึทื ื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืงืืึทืกืืฉ ืคืื-ืืขืฉ ืืึธืคึผืึธืืึธืื ืืื iBGP. RS ืกืึทืืืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืืขื ืืืืฃ ืื ืคืืืืขื ืืข ืืืขื: ืขืก ืืกืืึทืืืืฉืื ืึท BGP ืกืขืกืืข ืืื ืืขืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืจืขืกืืจื IXP ืืึทืืืืืืงืืขืจ, ืืื ืืขืจ ืืึทืืืืืืงืืขืจ ืืืขืจื ืึท RS ืงืืืขื ื. ืืืงืืืขื ืึท BGP ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืคืื ืืืื ืขืจ ืคืื ืืืื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ, RS ืกืขื ืื ืืขื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืฆื ืึทืืข ืืืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ, ืคืื ืงืืจืก, ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืขื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืคืื ืืืึธืก ืื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืืื ืืืงืืืขื. ืืืื, RS ืืืืืึทื ืืืฅ ืื ื ืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืืืื ืึท ืคืื ืืืื ืฆืืืืฉื ืึทืืข IXP ืืืืืืืืขืจ ืืื ืขืืขืืึทื ืืื ืกืึทืืืื ืื ืกืงืึทืืึทืืืืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืืขื. ืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืฆื ืืืืขืจืงื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืจืึทื ืกืืืกืืข ืืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื ืจืืฅ ืคืื ืืืื AS ืฆื ืื ืืขืจื ืึธื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืฆื ืื ืึทืืจืึทืืืืฅ ืืจืึทื ืกืืืืืขื ืืืจื BGP, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืขืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืืื ืืืื AS ืฆื ืื AS- ืืจื. ืืืื ืืืืฃ ืจืก ืขืก ืืื ืืงืขืจืืืง ืคึฟืืืืจืืจืื ื ืคืื ืจืืฅ: ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืจืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึธื ื ืขืืขื ืืึทืจืืืึทื ืก ื ืขืืืืึธืจืงืก ืืื ืื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืกืื ืคืื ืื ืืงืกืคึผ ืืื.
ืึทื ืึธืคึฟื ืืงืืจ ืืืืืืืืืจื ืจืึทืืืขืจ, BIRD (ืคืืืื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืจืืืื ื ืืืืืึทื), ืืื ืึธืคื ืืขื ืืฆื ืืื ืึท ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืืืืื ื. ืื ืืืืข ืืึทื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืื ืึทื ืขืก ืืื ืคืจืื, ืืืคึผืืืืื ืืขืฉืืืื ื ืืืืฃ ืจืืึฟ ืืื ืืงืก ืืืกืืจืืืืืฉืึทื ื, ืืื ืึท ืคืืขืงืกืึทืืึทื ืืขืงืึทื ืืืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืึทืฉืืขืืืงื ืจืืืื ื / ืคึฟืืืืจืืจืื ื ืคึผืึทืืึทืกืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืคืืจืืื ืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทืืคึผืืืืื ื ืจืขืกืืจืกื. ืืืื, ืึท ืืึทืื ืืืึทืจื / ืืืืจืืืึทื ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืคืื ืกืืกืงืึธ, ืืืฉืื ืืคึผืขืจ, ืขืืง ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืกืืขืงืืืื ืืื ืึท ืจืก.
- ืืืืขืจืืืึทื. ืืื ื ืึทื IXP ื ืขืฅ ืืื ืึท ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ืืจืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ืึท ืืจืืืก ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืึทืกืกืขืก, ืื ืืืืขืจืืืื ืคึผืึธืืืืืง ืืืึธืก ืึทืืข ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืืืื ื ืึธืืคืึธืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืขืฉืจืืื. ืืื ืึทืืืขืืืื, ืึทืืข ืื ืืขืืืข ืืขืงืึทื ืืืึทืื ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืึธื ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืจืื ืื ืึท BGP ืฉืืืื ืืฉ ืฆืืืืฉื ืฆืืืื ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ BGP ืคึผืืจื ืึทืจืืืก ืคืื ืึทื IXP ืึทืคึผืืืื ืืึธ, ืคึผืืืก ืขืืืขืืข ื ืึธื ืืืืขืจืืืื ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืขืก ืืื ืืื ืคืืจ ืฆื ืืึธืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืืื ืคึฟืื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืืขืง ืึทืืจืขืก ืคืื ืื IXP ืืึทืืืืืืงืืขืจ, ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืืึธืืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืึทืื. ืคืืจืืืืงืขื ืขื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืื ืขืืืขืจืืืคึผืข ืคืขืืืขืจ ืื ืืขืจืข ืืื 0x0800 (IPv4), 0x08dd (IPv6), 0x0806 (ARP); ืืึธืก ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืกืืจ ืฆื ืคืืืืขืจ ืืืืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืื BGP ืคึผืืจืื ื. ืืขืงืึทื ืืืึทืื ืึทืืึท ืืื GTSM, RPKI, ืขืืง ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืืื ื.
ืืึธืืขืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืขื ืื ืืืืคึผื ืงืึทืืคึผืึธืื ืึทื ืฅ ืคืื ืงืืื IXP, ืจืึทืืึทืจืืืึทืก ืคืื ืืืึธื. ืืึธื, ืืจืขืกืขืจืข IXPs ืงืขื ืืึธืื ื ืึธื ืืขืงื ืึทืืึทืืืฉืื ืืื ืกืึทืืืฉืึทื ื.
ืขืก ืืึทืคึผืึทื ื ืึทื IXP ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ื ืึธื ืืึทืืื ืื ืืก:
- ืืขืฉืืขืื ืืืืฃ ืื IXP TLD DNS ืกืขืจืืืขืจ,
- ืื ืกืืึทืืืจื ืืึทืื ืืืึทืจื NTP ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก, ืึทืืึทืืื ื ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืฆื ืึทืงืืขืจืึทืืื ืกืื ืืงืจืึทื ืืื ืฆืืื,
- ืฆืืฉืืขืื ืฉืืฅ ืงืขืื DDoS ืื ืคืืื, ืขืืง.
ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข
ืืึธืืืจ ืงืืงื ืืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโืึท ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืฉืคึผืื ืคืื ืึท ืคึผืฉืื IXP, ืืึธืืขืืขื ืืื EVE-NG, ืืื ืืขืืึธืื ืืึทืืจืึทืืื ืื ืืงืขืจืืืง ืกืขืืึทืคึผ ืคืื ืึท BIRD ืืืืืืืืืจื ืจืึทืืืขืจ. ืฆื ืคืึทืจืคึผืึธืฉืขืืขืจื ืื ืืืึทืืจืึทืืข, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืคืึทืจืืึธืื ืึทืืึท ืืืืืืืง ืืืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืงืืึทื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืึธืืขืจืึทื ืฅ.
ืื ื ืขืฅ ืืึทืคึผืึทืืึทืืืฉื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืืืืจ ืืื ืื.
ืืึธืืืจ ืืืขืจื ืขืืขื ืึทื ืืืจ ืคืืจื ืึท ืงืืืื ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ื ืืื ืฆืืฉืืขืื ืื ืคืืืืขื ืืข ืคึผืืจืื ื ืึธืคึผืฆืืขืก:
- ืฆืืืืจ ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืื ื,
- ืคึผืจืืืืึทืืงืืื,
- ืคึผืืจืื ื ืืืจื ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ.
ืืื ืืืขืจ AS ื ืืืขืจ ืืื 555, ืืืจ ืคืึทืจืืึธืื ืึท ืืืึธืง ืคืื IPv4 ืึทืืจืขืกืขืก - 50.50.50.0/24, ืคึฟืื ืืืึธืก ืืืจ ืึทืจืืืกืืขืื IP ืึทืืจืขืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืืืืก ืืืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืืื ืืืขืจ ื ืขืฅ.
50.50.50.254 - IP ืึทืืจืขืก ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจื ืืืืฃ ืื ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืฆืืืื ื, ืืื ืืขื IP ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืืืขื ืคืึทืจืืืืื ืึท BGP ืกืขืกืืข ืืื ืคืึทื ืคืื ืคึผืืจืื ื ืืืจื ืจืก.
ืืืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืืจืื ื ืืืจื RS, ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขื ืึท ืคึผืฉืื ืจืืืื ื ืคึผืึธืืืืืง ืืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืื BGP ืงืื, ืืืึธืก ืึทืืึทืื IXP ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืฆื ืจืขืืืืืจื ืฆื ืืืขืืขื ืืื ืืืึธืก ืจืืฅ ืฆื ืฉืืงื:
BGP ืงืื
ืืึทืฉืจืืึทืืื ื
LOCAL_AS:PEER_AS
ืฉืืงื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก ืืืืื ืฆื PEER_AS
LOCAL_AS:IXP_AS
ืึทืจืืืขืจืคืืจื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก ืฆื ืึทืืข IXP ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ
3 ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืืืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืืื ืืืขืจ IXP ืืื ืืืขืงืกื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ; ืืื ืก ืืึธืื ืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืคึผืจืึทืืืืืืขืจื. ืืื ืึทืืข ืืืืื ืฆื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืคึผืืจืื ื ืืืจื ืึท ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ. ืื ืืขืจ ืืื ืึท ืืืึทืืจืึทืืข ืืื ืงืืืขื ื ืงืฉืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขืืขืจืก:
ืงืืืขื ื
ืงืื ื ืึทืก ื ืืืขืจ
ืงืืืขื ื ืึทืืืืขืจืืืืื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก
IP ืึทืืจืขืก ืืจืืืก ืฆื ืืขืจ ืงืืืขื ื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืื IXP
ืืกืคึผ #1
ืืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
1.1.0.0/16
50.50.50.10/24
ืืกืคึผ #2
ืืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
2.2.0.0/16
50.50.50.20/24
ืืกืคึผ #3
ืืื ืงืกื ืืืงืก
3.3.0.0/16
50.50.50.30/24
ืืงืขืจืืืง BGP ืกืขืืึทืคึผ ืืืืฃ ืืขื ืงืืืขื ื ืจืึทืืืขืจ:
router bgp 100
no bgp enforce-first-as
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 50.50.50.254 remote-as 555
address-family ipv4
network 1.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
neighbor 50.50.50.254 activate
neighbor 50.50.50.254 send-community both
neighbor 50.50.50.254 soft-reconfiguration inbound
neighbor 50.50.50.254 route-map ixp-out out
exit-address-family
ip prefix-list as100-prefixes seq 5 permit 1.1.0.0/16
route-map bgp-out permit 10
match ip address prefix-list as100-prefixes
set community 555:555
ืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืฆื ืืืืขืจืงื ืื ืงืืื bgp ืขื ืคืึธืจืก-ืขืจืฉืืขืจ-ืืื ืืึทืฉืืขืืืงื ืืึธ. ืืืจื ืคืขืืืงืืึทื, BGP ืจืืงืืืืืขืจื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืืื-ืืจื ืคืื ืึท ืืืงืืืขื BGP ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืึผืืื ืื ืืื bgp ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืึทื ืงืืงื ืคืื ืืืึธืก ืื ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืืื ืืืงืืืขื. ืึธืืขืจ ืืื ื ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืฆื ืื ืืื-ืืจื, ืืืื ื ืืืขืจ ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื-ืืจื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืกืงืึทืจืืื. ืืขื ืืึทืฉืืขืืืงื ืืื ืืขื ืืฆื ืฆื ืืึทืื ืื ืจืึทืืืขืจ ืืืื ืึธืจืืจื ืืขื ืืขืจืฉื.
ืืืจ ืืืื ืืขื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืงืืืขื ื ืืื ืืึทืฉืืืื bgp community 555:555 ืฆื ืืขื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก, ืืืึธืก ืืืื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืคึผืึธืืืืืง ืืืื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืงืืืขื ื ืืืื ืฆื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก ืฆื ืึทืืข ืื ืืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจืึธืืืขืจืก ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ, ืื ืกืขืืืื ืืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืขื ืืขื, ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืขื ืคืื ืืืืขืจ ืืื ืฆืืง ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขืืขืจืก.
ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื BIRD ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื:
define ixp_as = 555;
define ixp_prefixes = [ 50.50.50.0/24+ ];
template bgp RS_CLIENT {
local as ixp_as;
rs client;
}
ืื ืคืืืืขื ืืข ืืืฉืจืืืื ืึท ืคืืืืขืจ ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึธื ื ืขืืขื ืืึทืจืืืึทื ืก ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก, ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืกืื ืคืื ืื IXP ืืื:
function catch_martians_and_ixp()
prefix set martians;
prefix set ixp_prefixes;
{
martians = [
0.0.0.0/8+,
10.0.0.0/8+,
100.64.0.0/10+,
127.0.0.0/8+,
169.254.0.0/16+,
172.16.0.0/12+,
192.0.0.0/24+,
192.0.2.0/24+,
192.168.0.0/16+,
198.18.0.0/15+,
198.51.100.0/24+,
203.0.113.0/24+,
224.0.0.0/4+,
240.0.0.0/4+ ];
if net ~ martians || net ~ ixp_prefixes then return false;
return true;
}
ืื ืคืื ืงืฆืืข ืืืคึผืืึทืืึทื ืฅ ืื ืจืืืื ื ืคึผืึธืืืืืง ืืืึธืก ืืืจ ืืืกืงืจืืืื ืคืจืืขืจ.
function bgp_ixp_policy(int peer_as)
{
if (ixp_as, ixp_as) ~ bgp_community then return true;
if (ixp_as, peer_as) ~ bgp_community then return true;
return false;
}
filter reject_martians_and_ixp
{
if catch_martians_and_ixp() then reject;
if ( net ~ [0.0.0.0/0{25,32} ] ) then {
reject;
}
accept;
}
ืืืจ ืงืึทื ืคืืืืขืจ ืคึผืืจืื ื, ืฆืืืืืื ืฆืื ืขืืขื ืคืืืืขืจืก ืืื ืคึผืึทืืึทืกืื.
protocol as_100 from RS_CLIENT {
neighbor 50.50.50.10 as 100;
ipv4 {
export where bgp_ixp_policy(100);
import filter reject_martians_and_ixp;
}
}
protocol as_200 from RS_CLIENT {
neighbor 50.50.50.20 as 200;
ipv4 {
export where bgp_ixp_policy(200);
import filter reject_martians_and_ixp;
}
}
protocol as_300 from RS_CLIENT {
neighbor 50.50.50.30 as 300;
ipv4 {
export where bgp_ixp_policy(300);
import filter reject_martians_and_ixp;
}
}
ืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืฆื ืืืืขืจืงื ืึทื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืขืก ืืื ืืื ืคืืจ ืฆื ืฉืืขืื ืจืืฅ ืคืื ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืคึผืืจื ืืื ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืจืืืก. BIRD ืึทืืึทืื ืืืจ ืฆื ืืึธื ืืึธืก. ืืื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึทืฉืืขืก, ืึทืืข ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงืื ืืขื ืืืงืืืขื ืคืื ืึทืืข ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืืขื ืขื ืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืืื ืคึผืจืึธืกื RIB.
ืึทืืื, ืืึธืื ืก ืืฉืขืง ืืืึธืก ืืืจ ืืึธืื.
ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืืืจ ืืขื ืึทื ืึท BGP ืกืขืกืืข ืืื ืืขืืจืื ืืขื ืืื ืึทืืข ืืจืื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ:
ืืืจ ืืขื ืึทื ืืืจ ืืึทืงืืืขื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก ืคืื ืึทืืข ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ:
ืืืืฃ ืื ืืื 100 ืจืึทืืืขืจ, ืืืจ ืืขื ืึทื ืืืื ืขืก ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื BGP ืกืขืกืืข ืืื ืื ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ, ืืืจ ืืึทืงืืืขื ืคึผืจืขืคืืงืก ืคืื ืืืืืข ืืื 200 ืืื ืืื 300, ืืฉืขืช ืื BGP ืึทืืจืืืืืฅ ืืึธืื ื ืืฉื ืืขืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืคึผืืจืื ื ืฆืืืืฉื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ ืืื ืืืจืืืขืงืึธืื ืืืืึทื:
ืืืื, ืืืจ ืืขื ืึทื ืื ืืืึทืืืึทื ืคืื ืึท ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืกืืืคึผืืึทืคืืื ืื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโืคึผืืจืื ื ืืืืฃ ืื IXP.
ืืื ืืึธืคึฟื ืึทื ืื ืืขืืึทื ืกืืจืืืฉืึทื ืืขืืึธืืคึฟื ืืืจ ืืขืกืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืืืื ืืื IXPs ืึทืจืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจ ืึทืจืืขื ืืืืฃ ืึทื IXP.
Linxdatacenter IX
ืืื Linxdatacenter, ืืืจ ืืขืืืื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืืืืืขื ืข IXP ืืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืฉืืื-ืืึธืืขืจืึทื ื ืื ืคืจืึทืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจ ืคืื 2 ืกืืืืืฉืื ืืื 2 ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก. ืืื ืืืขืจ IXP ืืื ืืืฆื ืคืืืกื ืืืง ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืข ืืึธืืข, ืืื ืืืจ ืืึทืื ืึทืืขืืขื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืฆื Linxdatacenter IX ืืื ื ืขืืขื ืึธื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืืื ื. ืืืขื ืงืึธื ื ืขืงืืขื, ืืืจ ืืืขื ืืืื ืฆืืืขืฉืืขืื ืืื ืึท ืคึผืึธืจื ืืื ืึท ืืึทื ืืืืืื ืคืื 1 ืืืื / s, ืื ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ืืึทื ืงืืงื ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืืึทืจืฉืจืื ืกืขืจืืืขืจืก, ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื ืืืื ืคืขืจืืขื ืืขืืข ืืฉืืื ืคืื ืื IX ืืืืขืจ, ืื ืืืฆื ืืื .
ืฉืจืืื ืืื ืืึทืืขืจืงืื ืืขื ืึธืืขืจ ืคึผืจืืืืึทื ืึทืจืืืงืืขื ืฆื ืืึทืงืืืขื ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื ืืขืกืืื ื.
ืจืขืืืืืึทื
ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืืืืืื ืืืืคืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืึทืจืืึธื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืขืจื ืขื ืืื ืึท ืืขืฆืืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืึทืืืืื ื ืื ืึทืจืืืกืืขืื ืคืื ืกืืืึธืคึผืืืืึทื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืืคื ืฆืืืืฉื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื. ืืืฆื, ืืื ืื ืึทืืืืขื ื ืคืื ื ืืึทืข ืืืืืืืข ืืึทืืื ืื ืืก ืืื ืึท ืคืึทืจืืจืขืกืขืจื ืืื ืื ืกืืืข ืคืื โโCDN ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ, ืืืขืงืกื ืืืืืื ืคืึธืจืืขืฆื ืฆื ืึทืคึผืืึทืืืื ืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโืื ืืืืืืืข ื ืขืฅ. ืื ืคืึทืจืืจืขืกืขืจื ืืื ืื ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื IXPs ืืื ืืขืจ ืืืขืื ืืขื ืขืคืืฅ ืืืืืข ืื ืกืืฃ ืืึทื ืืฆืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืกืขืจืืืืก ืืื ืืขืืขืงืึธื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืืื ืืึทืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื, ืขืืง. ืคึฟืึทืจ IXP ืคึผืึทืจืืืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ, ืื ื ืืฅ ืืื ืืืืกืืขืืจืืงื ืืื ืจืืืืกืื ื ืื ืงืึธืก ืคืื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืื ื ืคืื ืืจืืืกื ืืืง ืคึผืืจืื ื, ืจืืืืกืื ื ืื ืกืืืข ืคืื โโืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึธืก ืืขืืขืจ-ืืืจืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื ืืึธืื ืฆื ืืึทืฆืึธืื, ืึธืคึผืืืืืืื ื ืจืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ืืึธืื ืึท ืืืจืขืงื ืฆืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืึทืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืืืืขืจื.
ื ืืฆืืง ืืื ืงืก
- ืืขื ืึท ืืึทืคึผืข ืคืื โโืื ืึธืจื ืคืื ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืืืขืงืกื ืคืื ืงืื:
- ืงืืง ืืืืืืื ืกืืึทืืืกืืืง ืืืืฃ BGP ืคึผืืจืื ื, ืึทืจืืึทื ืืขืจืขืื ื ืื ืืืึทืืืึทื ืืืืฃ IXP:
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com