ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™

ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™
ืฆื• ื’ืึธืจ ื‘ืขืœ Kubernetes, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ: ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ Kubernetes. ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืจืขืกื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื–, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืจืขืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™.

ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ Kubernetes Autoscaling 101: ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ, ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืคึผืึธื“ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ Kubernetes aaS ืคึฟื•ืŸ Mail.ru.

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’

Kubernetes - ืึท ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื ืงืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ืœ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ื™ื ื’, ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก (ืึท ืคึผืึธื“ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึธื ื˜ืึทืงื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืงืฉื”).

ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืฉืืœื•ืช:

  1. ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–?
  2. ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื– ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•?
  3. ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืจืขืกืคึผืึธื ื“ ืฆื• ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจื“ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืงืœืึธื•ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–?

ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื ื’ Kubernetes ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจื– ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืกื™ืจืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืึทืœืึทื ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืงื™ื ื’ื– ืคื•ืŸ Kubernetes. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืงืœืึธื•ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืœืขื  ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืฉืขื”, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึธื ื’ืึธื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.

ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก

ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืงืึธื•ืึธืจื“ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก:

  1. ืคึผืึธื“ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ (ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ืคึผืึธื“ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ, ื”ืคึผืึท) ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ (ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืคึผืึธื“ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ, ื•ื•ืคึผืึท). ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื–.
  2. ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ (CA), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกืึทื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืงืจื™ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื ื•ื™ืœ.

ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ (HPA) ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข

ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืกืึทื’ื“ื–ืฉืขืก, HPA ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงืึทื–. ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื“ืขื•ื•ืึธืคึผืก ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืงืคึผื• ืื•ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืžืึทืกืข ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขืจื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงืึทื–. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื ื”ื’ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก.

ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžื“ืจื’ื” HPA ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข:

  1. ื“ื™ HPA ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ืึทืกืœื™ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  2. ื“ื™ HPA ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜.
  3. HPA ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ / ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ.
  4. ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ / ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื ืึธืš ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื–.

ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™
HPA ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ HPA, ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข:

  • ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ HPA ื˜ืฉืขืง ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืื™ื– 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึธืŸ ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ-ืคึผืึธื“-ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ-ืกื™ื ืง-ืคึผืขืจื™ืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ.
  • ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื™ื– 10%.
  • ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื–, HPA ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก ืฆื• ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ื“ืขื ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึธืŸ horizontal-pod-autoscaler-upscale-delay.
  • ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืจืขื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื–, ื“ื™ HPA ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื–. ื“ืขื ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึธืŸ horizontal-pod-autoscaler-downscale-delay.
  • HPA ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื–. ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืึธื•ืœื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฅ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื–. ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงืึทื– ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ.

ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก

ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ (VPA) ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ืžืขืจ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ) ืงืคึผื• ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก. ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืคื•ืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืกืก ืคึผืึธื“ืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ื“ืขื” ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืกืก ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ.

ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืื•ื™ืš ืจื™ืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• OOM (ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ) ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ. ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืงืคึผื• ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื“ืก. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“, ื“ื™ VPA ืจืขืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ื•ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜ (ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื‘ื•ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜, PDB) ืฆื• ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื–.

ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข. ืื–ื•ื™, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืฆื• 8 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 8 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืคึผืขืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ. ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื“ ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ื•ื•ื™ืงื™.

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, VPA ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข (VPA ืจืขืงืึธืžืžืขื ื“ืขืจ). ืขืก ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ OOM events ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืฆื• ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืคึผื• ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœื™ื’ืขื ื˜ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืข ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืŸ ืึทืคึผื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึธื“ ืฉืขืคึผืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืจื˜ ืกืึทื’ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื›ื“ืื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืืžืขืจืงืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ VPA ืจืขืงืึธืžืžืขื ื“ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ "ืœื™ืžื™ื˜". ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืžืึทื ืึทืคึผืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืกืคึผืึทืกืข ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืง ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืคึผื• ืงืึทื ืกืึทืžืฉืึทืŸ.

ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืกื›ืขืžืข:

  1. VPA ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ืึทืกืœื™ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ 10 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  2. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ.
  3. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ / ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ.
  4. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“, ืึทืœืข ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทื ืกื™ื–.

ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™
ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ

ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ึทืกื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ VPA:

  • ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืึท ืžืึทื ื“ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื“. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืึทื ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ื ืึธืš ืžืื›ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™, ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื™ื™ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ.
  • VPA ืื•ืŸ HPA ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืคึผืึธื“ืก. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ, ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ.
  • ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ื˜ื•ื ืขืก ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฅ. ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืจื™ืกืึธืจืก ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฅ ืœื™ืžืึทืฅ. ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• Kubernetes ืงืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ืขื ืคึผืึธื“.
  • VPA ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืจื™ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ะธ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคึผืœืึทื ื–. ืื–ื•ื™, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึธืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืคึผืึท ืื•ืŸ ื”ืคึผืึท, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื•ื™ืžืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืคื™ืจืžืข 'ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืจื– ื•ื•ืคึผืึท').

ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืึท ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก ืงื ื•ื™ืœ

ืงืœืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ (CA) ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก. ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื“ื™ืงืœื™ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– - ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืขืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ืงืกื™ื“ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ืœื™ืžืึทืฅ. ื“ื™ CA ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื–, ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ื ืึธืš ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง ืึธื ืขืก. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹CA ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื  ืื™ืŸ Kubernetes 1.8.

ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืกื›ืขืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกืึท ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข:

  1. CA ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ 10 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  2. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ื‘ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ืขืจ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™, ืขืก ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื ืึธื•ื“ื–.
  3. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื ืึธื“ืข, ืขืก ื“ื–ืฉื•ื™ื ืฅ ื“ื™ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื“ืก.
  4. ื“ื™ Kubernetes ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœืขืจ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื ืึธื“ืข. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ื ืึธืš ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื™ื– ืจื™ืคึผื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ.

ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™
ืึธื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ

ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ CA:

  • CA ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื– ืึทื– ืึทืœืข ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืคึผื• ืžืึทืกืข. ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื ื•ื™ืœ.
  • CA ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  • ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ื ืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื“ืืจืฃ, ื“ื™ CA ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.
  • ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ืขืจื–. ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืขื’ื™ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ื™ึท ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ.
  • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืจื™ืกืคึผืึทื ืกืึทื‘ืœื™ cluster-autoscaler.kubernetes.io/safe-to-evict (true). ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืคื™ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆืขื•ื•ืึธืจืคืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึทืจื’ืขืœื™ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžืขืงืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื ื•ื™ืœ.
  • ื ื™ืฆืŸ PodDisruptionBudgetsืฆื• ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžืขืงื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ.

ื•ื•ื™ Kubernetes ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉืœื™ื™ืžืขืกื“ื™ืง ื”ืึทืจืžืึธื ื™ืข, ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื“ ืžื“ืจื’ื” (HPA / VPA) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ื–ื™ื™ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขืคื™ืขืจืขืš ืคืฉื•ื˜:

  1. HPAs ืึธื“ืขืจ VPAs ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ ืจืขืคึผืœืึทืงืึทื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก.
  2. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื ืึธื•ื“ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’, ื“ื™ CA ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜.
  3. ื“ื™ CA ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื ืึธื•ื“ื–.
  4. ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืฆื• ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื ืึธื•ื“ื–.

ื“ืจื™ื™ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก: ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™
ืงืึทืœืึทื‘ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธื’-ืื•ื™ืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื

ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก ืื™ืŸ Kubernetes ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’

ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืึทื– ื“ื™ื•ื•ืึธืคึผืก ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’.

HPA ืื•ืŸ VPA ืึธืคืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ื™ืง ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“, ื“ื™ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกืงืึทืœื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ.

ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ - ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืขืจื–. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ื™ื“ืขืึทืœ ืกืฆืขื ืึทืจ - 4 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜:

  1. 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืฆื™ืœ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก: 30-60 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  2. 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. HPA ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก: 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  3. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 2 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ืคึผืึธื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜: 1 ืจื’ืข.
  4. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 2 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. CA ื–ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืกืขื ื“ื– ืงืึทืœืœืก ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–: 1 ืจื’ืข.
  5. 3 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–. ืง8ืก ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜: ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ (ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช).

ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ืคืึทืœ (ืžืขืจ ืจืขืึทืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ) ืกืฆืขื ืึทืจ - 12 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜:

  1. 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืฆื™ืœ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืก.
  2. 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. HPA ื˜ืฉืขืง ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก.
  3. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 2 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ื‘ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜.
  4. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 2 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ื“ื™ CA ื–ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–.
  5. 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฅ ื ืึธื•ื“ื–. ืง8ืก ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืขืจ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ, ืึทืก ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื.

ืฆื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืฆืขืžื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื– ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ CA. ื“ื™ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ื™ืŸ ืึท Kubernetes ืงื ื•ื™ืœ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื ืึธื“ืข ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื™ืงืขืจ. ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ Kubernetes

  1. Kubernetes ืื™ื– ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’. ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืื•ืŸ ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืžื™ื™ืœืกื˜ืึธื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ Kubernetes.
  2. ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ ืกืงืึทืœืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืžื™ื˜ HPA ืื•ืŸ VPA.
  3. CA ื–ืึธืœ ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธื“ืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื–.
  4. ืฆื• ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžืึทืœ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ ืึท ืงื ื•ื™ืœ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ.
  5. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืกื˜ื™ืžืึทื˜ืขื“ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจื’ืกื˜-ืคืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ-ืคืึทืœ ืกื™ื ืขืจื™ืึธื•ื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’