ืคึผืจืึธื”ืึธืกื˜ืขืจ > ื‘ืœืึธื’ > ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข > ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

ื˜ืœ; ื“ืจ: ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื, ืฉื ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืขืœืคึผืก ืฆื• ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื‘ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ ืึธืคื˜ ืžืึทืกืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืกืึทื‘ืกื™ืกื˜ืึทื, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื›ืขื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืืžืช ืคึฟืึทืจ SSDs ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืงืก, EMMCs ืื•ืŸ ืคืœืึทืฉ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื˜ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก.
ื‘ืฉืขืช ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ, ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึทื– ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืงื™ืœืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ BTRFS ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ 3 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง.

ื”ืงื“ืžื”

"ืึธื”, ื•ืžื–ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืกืขืœื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืกืกื“ืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืงืึทื“ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื ื•ืฆืŸ, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืจื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื, ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœ ื˜ืขืงืข ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“" - ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืจื˜-ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ โ‰ˆ150 TBW. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ, ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– 10-20 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืคื•ืŸ 40 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜, ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ. ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ, ื“ื™ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš - ืขืก ื ืขืžื˜ 10 ื™ืืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืœื– ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืจื™ื˜ืึทืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 40 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื˜ืขื’ืœืขืš.
ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ 6 ื™ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ืกืกื“: ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืกืขืœื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืคึผืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜.

ื ืึธืš 7 ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข SSD, ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขืžืืœื“ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืš SMART.
19.7 ื˜ื‘.
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 7 ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ 13% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื˜ืจืึธืฅ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ FS, ืื™ืš ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื’ืŸ. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“!
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืึทื‘ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ; ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืึทื ื˜ื™ TBW ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืกื™ื“ื™ื“ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ 5-ื™ืึธืจ ื“ื™ืกืง ื•ื•ืึธืจืึทื ื˜ื™ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ 93 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’! ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง ืื™ืŸ 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ...

Total:
Writes Queued: 24,712, 2,237MiB
Writes Completed: 25,507, 2,237MiB
Write Merges: 58, 5,472KiB

2.2 ื’ื™ื‘, ื˜ืึทืงืข-ื”ืึธ-ื”ืึธ!

ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื“ื™ืกืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ SMART (SSD, EMMC, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ื ื“ืึทืกื˜ืจื™ืึทืœ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืกื“), ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื’ื™ืœื” smartctl, skdump ืึธื“ืขืจ mmc (ืคื•ืŸ mmc-utils).

ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืงื˜ืœ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื

$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.0 2019-03-31 r4903 [x86_64-linux-5.3.11-200.fc30.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Samsung based SSDs
Device Model:     Samsung SSD 860 EVO mSATA 250GB
Serial Number:    S41MNC0KA13477K
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e700fa64b
Firmware Version: RVT41B6Q
User Capacity:    250โ€ฏ059โ€ฏ350โ€ฏ016 bytes [250 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Form Factor:      mSATA
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Tue Nov 19 01:48:50 2019 MSK
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                                        was never started.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever 
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:                (    0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        No Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (  85) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       5171
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       459
177 Wear_Leveling_Count     0x0013   096   096   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       62
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot   0x0013   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total  0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total  0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block       0x0013   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032   058   039   000    Old_age   Always       -       42
195 ECC_Error_Rate          0x001a   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
199 CRC_Error_Count         0x003e   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
235 POR_Recovery_Count      0x0012   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       29
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       38615215765

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

ืžื™ื™ึทืŸ ืกืกื“ ืกื˜ืึธืจื– ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ 241 Total_LBAs_Written, ืื™ืŸ ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก (LBA) ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก. ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ ืื™ื– 512 ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก (ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืงื˜ืœ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืื™ืŸ ืกืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก). ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 512.

38615215765 ร— 512 รท 1000 รท 1000 รท 1000 รท 1000 = 19,770 ะขะ‘
38615215765 ร— 512 รท 1024 รท 1024 รท 1024 รท 1024 = 17,981 ะขะธะ‘

ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื skdump ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ SSD ืขืก ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ Total_LBAs_Written ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืขืคืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืขื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– 1296217.695 TB, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง.

ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื btrace ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืขืงืœ blktrace. ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ื– ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืขื“ืขื (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืงืขืจื ืึทืœื–) ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’.

ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืฆื• ื–ืึทืžืœืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื•ื•ื• / dev/sdb ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืง:

# btrace -w 600 -a write /dev/sdb

ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

โ€ฆ
  8,16   0     3253    50.085433192     0  C  WS 125424240 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3254    50.085550024     0  C  WS 193577744 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3255    50.085685165     0  C  WS 197246976 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3256    50.085936852     0  C  WS 125736264 + 128 [0]
  8,16   0     3257    50.086060780     0  C  WS 96261752 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3258    50.086195031     0  C  WS 94948640 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3259    50.086327355     0  C  WS 124656144 + 64 [0]
  8,16   0     3260    50.086843733 15368  C WSM 310218496 + 32 [0]
  8,16   0     3261    50.086975238   753  A WSM 310218368 + 32 <- (8,20) 291339904
  8,16   0     3262    50.086975560   753  Q WSM 310218368 + 32 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3263    50.086977345   753  G WSM 310218368 + 32 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3264    50.086978072   753  I WSM 310218368 + 32 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3265    50.086979159   753  D WSM 310218368 + 32 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3266    50.087055685     0  C WSM 310218368 + 32 [0]
  8,16   0     3267    50.087060168   753  A WSM 310218592 + 160 <- (8,20) 291340128
  8,16   0     3268    50.087060367   753  Q WSM 310218592 + 160 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3269    50.087061242   753  G WSM 310218592 + 160 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3270    50.087061698   753  I WSM 310218592 + 160 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3271    50.087062361   753  D WSM 310218592 + 160 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3272    50.087386179     0  C WSM 310218592 + 160 [0]
  8,16   0     3273    50.087436417 15368  A FWS 0 + 0 <- (253,1) 0
  8,16   0     3274    50.087437471 15368  Q FWS [LS Thread]
  8,16   0     3275    50.087440862 15368  G FWS [LS Thread]
  8,16   0     3276    50.088300047     0  C  WS 0 [0]
  8,16   0     3277    50.088470917   753  A WFSM 18882688 + 8 <- (8,20) 4224
  8,16   0     3278    50.088471091   753  Q WFSM 18882688 + 8 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3279    50.088471688   753  G WFSM 18882688 + 8 [dmcrypt_write/2]
  8,16   0     3280    50.088474334 32254  D WSM 18882688 + 8 [kworker/0:2H]
  8,16   0     3281    50.088515572     0  C WSM 18882688 + 8 [0]
  8,16   0     3282    50.089229069     0  C WSM 18882688 [0]
CPU0 (8,16):
 Reads Queued:           0,        0KiB  Writes Queued:         345,   25,932KiB
 Read Dispatches:        0,        0KiB  Write Dispatches:      331,   25,788KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:        0,        0KiB  Writes Completed:    1,597,  117,112KiB
 Read Merges:            0,        0KiB  Write Merges:            1,       16KiB
 Read depth:             0               Write depth:           177
 IO unplugs:             0               Timer unplugs:           0
CPU1 (8,16):
 Reads Queued:           0,        0KiB  Writes Queued:         502,   39,948KiB
 Read Dispatches:        0,        0KiB  Write Dispatches:      495,   40,076KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:        0,        0KiB  Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:            0,        0KiB  Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 Read depth:             0               Write depth:           177
 IO unplugs:             0               Timer unplugs:           0
CPU2 (8,16):
 Reads Queued:           0,        0KiB  Writes Queued:         297,   26,800KiB
 Read Dispatches:        0,        0KiB  Write Dispatches:      287,   26,800KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:        0,        0KiB  Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:            0,        0KiB  Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 Read depth:             0               Write depth:           177
 IO unplugs:             0               Timer unplugs:           0
CPU3 (8,16):
 Reads Queued:           0,        0KiB  Writes Queued:         418,   24,432KiB
 Read Dispatches:        0,        0KiB  Write Dispatches:      408,   24,448KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:        0,        0KiB  Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:            0,        0KiB  Write Merges:            2,      272KiB
 Read depth:             0               Write depth:           177
 IO unplugs:             0               Timer unplugs:           0

Total (8,16):
 Reads Queued:           0,        0KiB  Writes Queued:       1,562,  117,112KiB
 Read Dispatches:        0,        0KiB  Write Dispatches:    1,521,  117,112KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:        0,        0KiB  Writes Completed:    1,597,  117,112KiB
 Read Merges:            0,        0KiB  Write Merges:            3,      288KiB
 IO unplugs:             0               Timer unplugs:           0

Throughput (R/W): 0KiB/s / 2,338KiB/s
Events (8,16): 9,287 entries
Skips: 0 forward (0 -   0.0%)

btrace ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงืœืืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข.

ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจ

ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื iotop ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ.
ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก:

# iotop -obPat

ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

02:55:47 Total DISK READ :       0.00 B/s | Total DISK WRITE :      30.65 K/s
02:55:47 Actual DISK READ:       0.00 B/s | Actual DISK WRITE:       0.00 B/s
    TIME  PID  PRIO  USER     DISK READ  DISK WRITE  SWAPIN      IO    COMMAND
b'02:55:47   753 be/4 root          0.00 B      0.00 B  0.00 %  0.04 % [dmcrypt_write/2]'
b'02:55:47   788 be/4 root         72.00 K     18.27 M  0.00 %  0.02 % [btrfs-transacti]'
b'02:55:47 15057 be/4 valdikss    216.00 K    283.05 M  0.00 %  0.01 % firefox'
b'02:55:47  1588 ?dif root          0.00 B      0.00 B  0.00 %  0.00 % Xorg -nolisten tcp -auth /var/run/sddm/{398f030f-9667-4dff-b371-81eaae48dfdf} -background none -noreset -displayfd 18 -seat seat0 vt1'
b'02:55:47 15692 be/4 valdikss    988.00 K      9.41 M  0.00 %  0.00 % python3 /usr/bin/gajim'
b'02:55:47 15730 ?dif valdikss      9.07 M      0.00 B  0.00 %  0.00 % telegram-desktop --'
b'02:55:47  2174 ?dif valdikss   1840.00 K      2.47 M  0.00 %  0.00 % yakuake'
b'02:55:47 19827 be/4 root         16.00 K    896.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:7-events_unbound]'
b'02:55:47 19074 be/4 root         16.00 K    480.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:4-btrfs-endio-write]'
b'02:55:47 19006 be/4 root         16.00 K   1872.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:1-events_unbound]'
b'02:55:47  1429 be/4 root        484.00 K      0.00 B  0.00 %  0.00 % accounts-daemon'
b'02:55:47 15820 be/4 valdikss    312.00 K      0.00 B  0.00 %  0.00 % firefox -contentproc -childID 6 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 7894 -prefMapSize 223880 -parentBuildID 20191022164834 -greomni /usr/lib64/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib64/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib64/firefox/browser 15057 tab'
b'02:55:47  2125 ?dif valdikss      0.00 B     92.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % plasmashell'
b'02:55:47  1268 be/3 root          0.00 B      4.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % auditd'
b'02:55:47  1414 be/4 root          0.00 B      4.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files'
b'02:55:47 15238 be/4 valdikss      0.00 B      4.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % thunderbird'
b'02:55:47 18605 be/4 root          0.00 B      3.19 M  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:0-btrfs-endio-write]'
b'02:55:47 18867 be/4 root          0.00 B     96.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:5-btrfs-endio-meta]'
b'02:55:47 19070 be/4 root          0.00 B    160.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:2-btrfs-freespace-write]'
b'02:55:47 19645 be/4 root          0.00 B      2.17 M  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:3-events_unbound]'
b'02:55:47 19982 be/4 root          0.00 B    496.00 K  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u16:6-btrfs-endio-write]'

ืคื™ืจืขืคืึธืงืก ืงืึทื˜ืฉืึทื– ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’, ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ 283 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืึธื˜ืึธืคึผ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง.

ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ

ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืจื™ืคึผื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืง ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทื˜ืก ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืขืกืขืจ.

ื–ืืœ ืก ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื fatrace, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืจืึทืงืก ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.

# fatrace -f W

ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

firefox(15057): CW /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): CW /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): CW /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/usage-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/usage
firefox(15057): CW /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/usage
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite-wal
firefox(15057): CW /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/https+++habr.com/ls/data.sqlite-journal
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite
firefox(15057): W /home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/webappsstore.sqlite

Fatrace ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจืœื™ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืกื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื ืึธื˜ื™ืคื™.

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ Habr ืกืึทื•ื•ืขืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื™ืš ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ Group Speed โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹Dial ืคืึทืจืœืขื ื’ืขืจื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทื˜ืจืึทืกืข, ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ. 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ืขืก ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜: CW ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข ื–ืื’ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืขืคื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืกื™ื™ืžืึทืœื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืึทืก ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืขืœื ื“ื™ืง (ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ openat ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ O_RDWR|O_CREAT ืคืึธืŸ), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืคืืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข.

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ, ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืกื˜ืจืึทืกืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืจื•ืคื˜:

strace -yy -e trace=open,openat,close,write -f -p 15057 2>&1 | grep extension

ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜

[pid 20352] openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, 0644) = 153</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>
[pid 20352] read(153</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>, "SQLite format 3 20 22 @   d 23"..., 100) = 100
[pid 20352] read(153</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>, "SQLite format 3 20 22 @   d 23"..., 4096) = 4096
[pid 20352] openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite-wal", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, 0644) = 166</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite-wal>
โ€ฆ
[pid 20352] read(54</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>, " r4304364354354364-  4204!4'414" 250 &"..., 4096) = 4096
[pid 20352] read(54</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>, " 136Pt2262504 O24532016:"16.27 r245306>2461t1q370"..., 4096) = 4096
[pid 20352] close(77</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite-wal>) = 0
[pid 20352] close(54</home/valdikss/.mozilla/firefox/xyf4vqh2.default/storage/default/moz-extension+++e5c304fb-af40-498a-9ba8-47eb0416e933^userContextId=4294967295/idb/3647222921wleabcEoxlt-eengsairo.sqlite>) = 0

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืคืŸ write(), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ืฅ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข.

ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื›ืขื“

ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ื“ื™ื ื’ื– iotop ะธ btrace ื”ืื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข ืื•ืŸ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื“ื™ื ื’ื– ืคื•ืŸ Btrace.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืึธืจ ื•ื™ืกืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื ื•ื™ื˜ืคืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืข, btrace ืฆื• SSD ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจืคืก ืจื™ืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ 3 ืžืขื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื ืคืจื™ืฉ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท 8 ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื™ืฅ ืคืึธืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืคื•ืŸ 264 ืงื™ื‘ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืฆื• ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืงืกื˜4 ืขื ื“ืก ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ 24 ืงื™ืœืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืง.

ืื™ืŸ 2017, Jayashree Mohan, Rohan Kadekodi ืื•ืŸ Vijay Chidambaram ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืึท ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึทืžืคึผืœืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ btrfs ืื•ืŸ ext4 ื‘ื™ื™ 4KB ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึธื ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ึทืŸ.

ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืกืง ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

ืžืกืงื ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืกืงื ื

ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“:

  1. ืึธืคื˜ ืœืึธื’ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ CUPS ื“ืจื•ืงืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืžืึทืŸ ืฆื• /var/ืงืึทืฉ/ ื˜ืขืคึผืœืขืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืœืึธืจ /var/ืฉืคึผื•ืœืงืข/ ื˜ืขืคึผืœืขืš (ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืง ื“ื–ืฉืึธื‘ืก);
  2. ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืื™ื– ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 30 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ Group Speed โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹Dial ืคืึทืจืœืขื ื’ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ Firefox;
  3. ืคึผืขืจื™ืึธื“ื™ืฉ ืœืึธื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท, ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืขื’ืึทื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• btrfs: pmcd.service, pmie.service, pmlogger.service;
  4. ืจื™ื–ื™ืง ืึทืžืคึผืœืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ btrfs.

ืžืกืงื ื: ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ btrfs ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืึธืคื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ (ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืงื™ืœืึธื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ), ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื’ืึทื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืืžืช ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืกื“ ืึทืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’