ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1

ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืงืก ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืงืึทืกืขืก ื•ื•ื• ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืึท ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื– ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ืžืึธืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื“ื–ืฉืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ, ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืงืขื’ืŸ ื˜ืจืึธืง ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืงื™ื•ื˜ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช - ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืžืฆืึธืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื™ 'ืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืึท ืคืึทื›ืžืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื™ื’ืึธืจ ืžื™ื›ืึทื™ืœืึธื•ื•, ืžื•ืžื›ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืงืก ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื’ืจื•ืคืข-ื™ื‘, ืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจืฅ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’.

ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง: ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึธื•ื ืขืจื–. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก, ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ืžืขืงืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืึธืœื˜ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜. ืจืขืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ืฅ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืฉืœืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข, ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ืกื‘ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก), ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืคึผืœ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก), ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ื“ื™ ืžืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืขื ืฅ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืขื•ื•ื™ื“ืึทื ืกื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื™ื•. ืึทื˜ืึทืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืœื™ืคืึธืจื ื™ืึทืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ื™ื ืึธ [1].

ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ืฆื• ืฉืœืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ:

  1. ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ
  2. ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ

SmartBlock ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก:

  1. ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜
  2. ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึทืกื™ืึทืœ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื•ื ื’ (FaceID ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข)
  3. ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืจื™ืก ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื•ื ื’

ืกืืฆื™ืืœ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืึธื ืขืก, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ PIN ืงืึธื“ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคืืœืŸ, ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืึทืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ.

ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“, ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื™ืฉ) ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.
ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืื ืคืืœืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื“ื™ ืคึผืกื™ื›ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจื™ื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืœื– ืขืจ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึทื•ื•ืขืก ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื–. ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื’ืœื™ืง.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื’ืขืกื™ื ื’ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก, ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืึทื–:

  • ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฆืขืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืคึผืœ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื™ื™ืกื˜. ื“ืึธืก ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜;
  • ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, Root of Trust ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ 30 ืคืึทืœืฉ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–, ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ืึทืงืกืขืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ืจื™ื™ืกื˜.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 1: ืคืจืขื’ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ

ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืึธื“ื ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืึทืกืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึทื– ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 70% ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึธื•ื ืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ. ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืึธืก ืจืึทื“ื•ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ, ืึทืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ืœื™, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคืจืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ืืจื‘ืŸ) ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืขืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืขื ื˜ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื™ื– ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ืึทืœืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืฆืึธืœื•ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื–ืึธื’ืŸ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’, ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืจืขื’ืข ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 2: ืงื•ืง ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ

ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ (ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง) ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืขืก ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ.

ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื ืก ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ [2]. ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ "ืงืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืœืึทืง ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ" [2], ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ืก, ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ (ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื). ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื, "ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ, ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ."

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืึทืœืคืึทื ื•ืžืขืจื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 3: โ€‹โ€‹ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ

ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืคื™ืœืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึธื’ื‘ื•ืš, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ). ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–, ืžืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ื’ื•ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืกืงืจืึทืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืึท ื”ืขืคื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืกื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืคืึทืœืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ.

ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ 4: ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ (ืฉืžื™ืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืง)

ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืžืึทืจืงืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ืจืขืึทื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ ืคึผื•ื“ืขืจ (ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืคึผื•ื“ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื™ ืคึผื•ื“ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืขืžืึทืงืœื™ ื™ื ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึผื•ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ) ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื‘ืœื™ืง ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืฉื˜ืจืึทืœืŸ . ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื”ืึทื ื“ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ืจื˜), ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ื–:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜, ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืœืื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืขื‘ืขืš ืึธืœืขืึธืคืึธื‘ื™ืง ืงืึธื•ื˜ื™ื ื’.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 5: ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืš ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืกืึทืžืคึผืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ, ืึท ื“ืจื™ื™-ื“ื™ืžืขื ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท 3 ื“ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ [3]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืฆื• ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืžืขืจ ื’ืึธืจ - ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ ืกืขื ืกืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงืฅ ื”ื™ืฅ - ื“ื™ 3 ื“ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ (ืœื™ื ื“ ืงืขื’ืŸ) ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืึทืกืขืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก. ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืกืขื ืกืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ, ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทื•ื•ืงืข ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜, ื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ืคึผืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ-ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ CMOS ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื˜ื™ืคืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผื ืึทืจืŸ.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคื™ืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 6: ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ

ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™ึท [4]. ืขืก ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ื ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื“. ื“ืขืจ ืžืืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ื“ืขืจ ืคืืจื“ืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ืขืจ ืืคืฉืœืืกื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืืŸ, ื›ืืคื˜ ืขืก ื ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช-ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื’ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื’ื ื˜ื™ืžืขืจืก ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจืžื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืื– ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื–ืืœ ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจ ืขืงืกืคืขืจื˜ืŸ.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ, ืื™ื– ื“ืืก ืฉืœืขื›ื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ื– ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ. ืื•ืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ืจื™ื ื’ืœืขืš ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึธืก ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท iPhone ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืกืึธืก ืžืึธื“ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืึทื•ื•ืขืง FaceID ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืึท ืคึผืึทืกืกืงืึธื“ืข.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 7: ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื–

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก ืคื™ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึธืก ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื™ื ืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืจื•ืคืŸ. ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืกืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึทื ื™ืึทืคืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจืขืจื–.

ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืจืขืœืขืึทืกืขื“ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ 2016 ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืคืœื™ืกืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก [5].

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืก ืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜, ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข.

ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ 8: ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื”

ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืึธืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื ื™ื™ื•ื•ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ iPhone ืคื•ืŸ Jeff Bezos, ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืžืึทื–ืึธืŸ. ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฆืึทืคึผืคึผ ืžืขืกื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืขืจ, ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื•ืžื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ, ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ื ื™ื™ื•ื•ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึทื ืคืึทื“ืขื ืฉืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ [6].

ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืึธื•ืœื– - ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืึทืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 9: ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ

ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคื™ืจืžืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข Windows Phone ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข 'ืก ืžื™ืงืจืึธืกืึธืคื˜ ืขืงืกื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ืขืคึผืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืึธื‘ื™ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืžืึทื ืึทื’ืขืžืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• Microsoft Exchange. ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืึท ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ื™ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืึธืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข 'ืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจืก, ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืก ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ).

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: MDM ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื™ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•. ื“ืขืจ MDM ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืจื™ืžืึธื•ื˜ืœื™. ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืจืึธื ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืคื™ืจืžืข ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ 10: ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก

ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื. Adam J. Aviv ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืก ืึทืงืกืขืœืขืจืึทืžืึทื˜ืขืจ. ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’, ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžื‘ืึธืœื™ืฉ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ 43% ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ 73% [7].

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื”ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืคึผืคึผืก ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 11: ืคึผื ื™ื ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜, ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื ื™ืฆืŸ FaceID ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืื˜ืขืžืื˜ื™ืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืื–ื•ื™, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืง "Gezichtsherkenning op Smartphone ื ื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ" [8], ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืึทื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืขืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ืคืึธื˜ืึธ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜ ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื˜ื™ืฃ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืกืึทืžืกื•ื ื’, ื ืึธืš ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ื™ืืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืึธื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืข, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆื•ื•ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืืจืขื ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืขืก. Face Unlock Samsung:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืžืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืกืงืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื–ื™ืš-ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ iPhone X ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ TrueDepth ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข [9]: ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื ืคืจืขืจืขื“ ื™ืžื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ืึท ื’ืจื™ื“ ืงืึทื ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 30 ื“ืึทืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ืคึผื ื™ื. ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืกืงืข, ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ื˜ื•ืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ื˜ื•ืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ืคึผื ื™ื. iPhone ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืžืึทืกืงืข [000]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื™ื“ืขืึทืœ ื˜ื ืึธื™ื (ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจืึทืœ ื™ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทืงืขืจื–, ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืกื™ืึทืœ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžืึธื•ืฉืึทื ื–, ืžื™ื“ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜, ืืื–"ื• ื•), ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฆื•ื•ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื”ืืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคึผื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ื ื™ืฆืŸ FaceID ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคืึธื˜ืึธ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ - ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื•ืœ-ืคืœืขื“ื–ืฉื“ ืคึผื ื™ื ืกืงืึทื ืขืจื– (FaceID ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืคึผืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœืึธื’ื•ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก).

ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืงื•ืง ืึทื•ื•ืขืง. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืžืึทื›ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’, ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืขืก ืคื™ืœื–, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผื ื™ื (FaceID), ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 5 ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ, ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืงืึธื“.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 12: ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœื™ืงืก

ืœื™ืงื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืกื™ื›ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ (ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ E- ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ). ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืึท ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืฆืคึผืึธืกื˜ ืึทื“ืจืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ืžื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืขื ืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜. ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ 21454162 ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ืขืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ื– (ืœืžืฉืœ, 2145 ืึธื“ืขืจ 4162) ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืœืึธืก ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ. (ื ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ E- ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืœืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ.)

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืึทืงื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื•ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™, ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืงืก!

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 13: ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืฉืœืึธืก

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคืึทืกืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข. ืึธืคื˜ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืึทืฅ ื’ืขื›ืืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืึทื–ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ืึธืคื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–).

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงืจืขืขื ืฉืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ UFED Physical Analyzer ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื•ืžื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš PIN ืงืึธื“ fgkl.

ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืงืึทืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื ืื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ NirSoft ื ื•ืฆืŸ [11].

ืื•ื™ืš, ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึทืงื“ืึทื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ (ืœืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืคึผ) ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืึท ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืขืคึผืœ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 14: ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ PIN ืงืึธื“ืขืก

ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจ, ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืึธืคื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–: ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ, ื‘ืึทื ืง ืงืึทืจื“ืก, PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื–. ืึทื–ืึท ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึทืœืฅ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื™ื™ืœื–, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข: ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืึธืœืงืก PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื– (ื“ื™ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ื“ืขืงืŸ 26,83% ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–) [12]:

ืฉืคึผื™ืœืงืข
ืึธืคื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, %

1234
10,713

1111
6,016

0000
1,881

1212
1,197

7777
0,745

1004
0,616

2000
0,613

4444
0,526

2222
0,516

6969
0,512

9999
0,451

3333
0,419

5555
0,395

6666
0,391

1122
0,366

1313
0,304

8888
0,303

4321
0,293

2001
0,290

1010
0,285

ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ืฆื• ืึท ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ~26%.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื˜ืฉืขืง ื“ื™ื™ืŸ PIN ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ, ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืก ืกื™ื™ึท ื•ื•ื™ ืกื™ื™ึท, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ 4 ื“ื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทืฅ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืœื•ื™ื˜ 2020 ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืจื“ืก.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 15: ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–

ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื ืก ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืขืก, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจื™ืง PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื–, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจื™ืง ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก [13, 14].

ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– [14]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™ [14]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– [14]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1

ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืึธืœืงืก ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ Jeremy Kirby [15].
3>2>5>8>7
1>4>5>6>9
1>4>7>8>9
3>2>1>4>5>6>9>8>7
1>4>7>8>9>6>3
1>2>3>5>7>8>9
3>5>6>8
1>5>4>2
2>6>5>3
4>8>7>5
5>9>8>6
7>4>1>2>3>5>9
1>4>7>5>3>6>9
1>2>3>5>7
3>2>1>4>7>8>9
3>2>1>4>7>8>9>6>5
3>2>1>5>9>8>7
1>4>7>5>9>6>3
7>4>1>5>9>6>3
3>6>9>5>1>4>7
7>4>1>5>3>6>9
5>6>3>2>1>4>7>8>9
5>8>9>6>3>2>1>4>7
7>4>1>2>3>6>9
1>4>8>6>3
1>5>4>6
2>4>1>5
7>4>1>2>3>6>5

ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืงืึธื“, ืึทืŸ ื ืึธืš PIN ืงืึธื“ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืงืึธื“, ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ื ืึธืš PIN ืงืึธื“ (ื ืึธืš PIN ืงืึธื“) ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืงืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ื ืึธืš PIN ืงืึธื“.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 16: ืึทืœืคืึทื ื•ืžืขืจื™ืง ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืึทืœืคืึทื ื•ืžืขืจื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืคืึธืœืงืก ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืœืึธืก ืงืึธื“ [16]:

  • 123456
  • ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ
  • 123456789
  • 12345678
  • 12345
  • 111111
  • 1234567
  • ื–ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ึทืŸ
  • qwerty
  • ื™ืœืึธื•ื•ื™ื™ืึธื•
  • ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆืขืกื™ืŸ
  • ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ
  • ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืกืŸ
  • 666666
  • ืึทื‘ืงืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก
  • ืคื•ื˜ื‘ืึธืœ
  • 123123
  • ืžืึทืœืคึผืข
  • 654321
  • ! @ # $% ^ & *
  • ื˜ืฉืึทืจืœื™
  • ืึทืึทืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก
  • ื“ืึทื ืึทืœื“
  • ืฉืคึผืจื™ื›ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ 1
  • ืงื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก, ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืงืึทืกืขืก. ืงื•ืง ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก, ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืึท ืžืขืจ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 17: ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืœื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจืฅ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ.

ืึธืคื˜, ืึธื•ื ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ืขืคึผืœ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืขืก, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจืก, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึท ื”ื™ื’ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ.

Google ืื•ืŸ ืขืคึผืœ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงืจืึธื ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึธืก ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ.

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ืฉืึทื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืงืœืึธื•ื“, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืš ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก PIN.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื’ืขื–ืขืฅ ืขื ืคืึธืจืกืžืึทื ื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืึทืงื˜ ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืขืคึผืœ, ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืกืชึผืžื ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืฅ ืขื ืคืึธืจืกืžืึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืจืึธืจื™ืกื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืขื ืกืงืึธืŸ, ืงืึธืคึผื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืงืœืึธื•ื“ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืขืฃ-ื‘ื™-ืื™ื™. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืขืคึผืœ ืก ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’:

"ืื™ืŸ ืฉืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ FBI ืื•ื™ืฃ 6 ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ 2019, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื™ืกืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’. ืคื•ืŸ 7 ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื– 14 ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ืขืงืก ื ืึธืš ืœืขื’ืึทืœ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ iCloud ื‘ืึทืงืึทืคึผืก, ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทืงืึทื•ื ืฅ.

ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืึธืคื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืฉืขื”, ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืขืฃ-ื‘ื™-ืื™ื™ ืึธืคืึทืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทืงืงืกืึธื ื•ื•ื™ืœืœืข, ืคึผืขื ืกืึทืงืึธืœืึท ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกืคืืจืฉื•ื ื’ ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืืกืืš ื’ื™ื’ืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืคืืจืžืืฆื™ืข, ื•ื•ืืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกืคืืจืฉืขืจโ€. [17, 18, 19]

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ืจ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœืงืŸ ืึทื ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ื™ื“ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 18: Google ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ

ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึทืงืก ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ Google ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ. ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“: ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืœืฉ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืจื•ื“ืขืจืŸ, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืœืึธืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ [5].

ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื™ื“ื ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื–, ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก, ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึธื ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืฆื• ื“ื™ Google ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ, ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึทืงืึทื•ื ืฅ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ืกื™ื ืงืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื– ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก), ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• Wi-Fi ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–:

  • ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ "ืขืžืขืจื’ืขื ืกื™ ืจื•ืคืŸ" ื‘ื™ืœื“ืœ
  • ืจืขื“ืœ *#*#7378423#*#*
  • ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ื˜ืขืกื˜ - ื•ื•ืœืึทืŸ
  • ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ื•ื•ื™-ืคื™ ื ืขืฅ [5]

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™-ืคืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื ืึธืจ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืึธื“ ื“ื•ืจืš SMS.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 19: ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืึทืงืึทื•ื ื˜

ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ 5 ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืึทืงืึทื•ื ืฅ. ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื ืึธืš ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท PIN ืงืึธื“ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธื“. ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืงืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืก ื“ืึธ. ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ (9 ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2020), ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ื’ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–.

ืื•ืคึฟืŸ 20: ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก

ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื•ื™ืš ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ [20, 21]. ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืกืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ. ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืึธืก ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื–ื•ืš ืžืึธื“ืข (ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื™ืงืกื™ื“ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ). ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืกืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื–.

ื ืกื ื™ืคึผืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Cellebrite ืก ื•ื•ืขื‘ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืก ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข (Cellebrite Advanced Service (CAS)) [20]:

ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืึธื ืข: 30 ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข. ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ื“ื™ื ืกื˜, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ) ืึธืคื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืžื•ืžื›ืข ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื•ื ื”. ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืงืึทืœืœื™, ืงืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก ืงืึธื“ ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’.

ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื•ืฅ: ืขืก ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืึทืœืคืึทื ื•ืžืขืจื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™.

PS Group-IB ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจืฅ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืงืก ืžื•ืžื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืœื•ื™ืฃ. ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืงืก ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื˜. ื ืึธืš ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ 5-ื˜ืึธื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื“ 7-ื˜ืึธื’ ืงื•ืจืก, ื’ืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืฅ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื ืกื™ืง ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืกื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื™ื ืกืึทื“ืึทื ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.

PPS ืงืึทืžืฃ-ืคึผืึทืงื˜ ื˜ืขืœืขื’ืจืึทื ืงืึทื ืึทืœ ื’ืจื•ืคืข-ื™ื‘ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜, ื›ืึทืงืขืจื–, APTs, ืกื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืก, ืกืงืึทืžืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ื™ืจืึทืฅ. ืฉืจื™ื˜-ื“ื•ืจืš-ืฉืจื™ื˜ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึทืกืขืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ Group-IB ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืจื‘ืŸ. ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ!

ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ

  1. ื“ื™ ืขืฃ-ื‘ื™-ืื™ื™ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ืขืงืขืจ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื›ืึทืง ืึท iPhone ืึธืŸ ืขืคึผืœ ืก ื”ื™ืœืฃ
  2. Guixin Yey, Zhanyong Tang, Dingyi Fangy, Xiaojiang Cheny, Kwang Kimz, Ben Taylorx, Zheng Wang. ืงืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืœืึทืง ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืคืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ
  3. ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ ืกืขื ืกืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Samsung Galaxy S10 ืื™ื– ืคืืจืคื™ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืจื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท 3 ื“ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ
  4. Dominic Casciani, Gaetan Portal. ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ: ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™ึท 'ืžืึทื’' ื›ืึธืฉืขื“ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ
  5. ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ: 5 ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
  6. ื“ื•ืจืึธื•ื• ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืคึฟืึทืจ ื›ืึทืงื™ื ื’ Jeff Bezos ืก ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฆืึทืคึผืคึผ
  7. ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก
  8. ื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื˜ืฉืขืจืงืขื ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ
  9. TrueDepth ืื™ืŸ iPhone X - ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜
  10. Face ID ืื™ืŸ iPhone X ืื™ื– ืคืืจืคื™ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 3 ื“ ื’ืขื“ืจื•ืงื˜ ืžืึทืกืงืข
  11. NirLauncher ืคึผืขืงืœ
  12. ืึทื ืึทื˜ืึธืœื™ ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทืจ. ืคืึธืœืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืœื˜ืŸ PIN ืงืึธื•ื“ื–: ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก
  13. ืžืึทืจื™ืึท ื ืขืคืขื“ืึธื•ื•ืึท. ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– "1234567" ืื•ืŸ "ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ"
  14. ืึทื ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžืึทืงืึทืจืึธื•ื•. ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก www.anti-malware.ru/analytics/Threats_Analysis/bypass-picture-password-Android-devices
  15. ื“ื–ืฉืขืจืขืžื™ ืงื™ืจื‘ื™. ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืœืงืก ืงืึธื•ื“ื–
  16. ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืกืžื™ืจื ืึธื•ื•. 25 ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืึธืœืงืก ืคึผืึทืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ื– ืื™ืŸ 2019
  17. ืžืึทืจื™ืึท ื ืขืคืขื“ืึธื•ื•ืึท. ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ื•. ืขืก. ืื•ื™ื˜ืืจื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืคืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื›ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ ืก iPhone ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ
  18. ืขืคึผืœ ืจื™ืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• AG Barr ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทื ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคึผืขื ืกืึทืงืึธืœืึท ืฉื•ื˜ืขืจ ืก ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ: "ื ื™ื™ืŸ."
  19. ื’ืขื–ืขืฅ ืขื ืคืึธืจืกืžืึทื ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื
  20. ืกืขืœืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ืข ืกื•ืคึผืคึผืึธืจื˜ืขื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก (CAS)

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’