ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ืœืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ Habrรฉ ื“ืขื“ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ Qubes ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืขืก. ื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ Qubes ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ (ืงืขื’ืŸ) ื“ื™ Windows ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ-ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืงื•ื‘ืขืก?

ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ Windows 7 ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ื™ึทื’ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืก, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ:

  • ื™ื ืฉื•ืจ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ Windows 7 ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜);
  • ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื™ืงืกืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ื ืึธื™ื (ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืขืก);
  • ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก.

ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคึผืจื™ืกืึทืคึผืึธื•ื–ื™ื– ืึท ืงืœืืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคืจื™ื™ึท ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ืงืกืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ. ื™ืขื ืข. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืึทืคืขื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ.

ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืคืืจืœืื–ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืš Windows ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืจืขื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ื ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.

ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ื‘ืื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื‘ืึธืงืก) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืึทืš ืกื•ื˜ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืกื˜ืขื“ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืจื™ืคืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ VM), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ Qubes ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืคืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึทืกื˜ Windows. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹Qubes, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“ื™ื’ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืœืึทื˜ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœ ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืขืงื™ืฆืขืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ Qubes, ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื.

ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ Xen ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ

Qubes ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ Xen ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื ืึทืžื™ื™ื–ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ. ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ dom0 ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ (Qubes ืคึฟืึทืจ dom0 ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’).

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

Xen ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ (ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ Xen ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจืข):

  • ืคึผืึทืจืึทื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ (ืคึผื•ื•) - ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžืึธื“ืข ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ, ืจืขืžืึทื ื™ืกืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ืงืขืจืŸ (ื“ืึธืž0 ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข);
  • ืคื•ืœ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ (HVM) - ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข, ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื™ืกืจื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ QEMU. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ;
  • ืคึผืึทืจืึทื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ (PVH - ParaVirtualized Hardware) - ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžืึธื“ืข ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืขืจืŸ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉืขืจื“ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ), ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ QEMU ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ืš / ืึธ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 4.11 ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข.

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ Qubes 4.0, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ืคืืจืœืื–ืŸ (ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ืึทื’ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ืœ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ); PVH ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ (HVM ืžืึธื“ืข), QEMU ืื™ื– ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ VM ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ stubdomain, ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜ ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ (ื“ื™ QEMU ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™).
ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ, ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ Windows.

ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Qubes ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ PCI ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข. ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื™ืงืกืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื™ื–ืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื ืคืืœืŸ. Xen ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ PV ืื•ืŸ HVM ืžืึธื“ืขืก, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ืคืึทืœ ืขืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ IOMMU (Intel VT-d) - ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืขื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก.

ื“ืึธืก ืงืจื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ:

  • sys-net, ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืฅ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืžืก, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื™ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ื™ืจื•ื•ืึทืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜;
  • sys-usb, ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ืกื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืขืจื™ืคืขืจืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื“;
  • sys-firewall, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคื™ื™ืจื•ื•ืึทืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื•ื•ืžืก.

ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ืกื‘ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข:

  • ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ HID (ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ืœ) ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืœืึทืก, ืฉื™ืงื˜ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• dom0;
  • ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท, ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ืžื– ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืžืก (ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ dom0);
  • ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• ืึท ื•ืกื‘ ืžื™ื˜ืœ (ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ืกื‘ื™ืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื).

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืึท ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืึธืžื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ VM, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ. ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก VM, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜.

VM ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื

ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ - ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื. ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก (RDP, VNC, Spice, ืืื–"ื• ื•) ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ (ืึทื–ืึท ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–). ื ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฅ ื™ / ืึธ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื– ืื™ืš / ืึธ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ืกืคึผื™ื–ื™ืข. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื ืขืฅ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท positive ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“.

Qubes ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ VM ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืกืึทื‘ืกื™ืกื˜ืึทื - ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข VMs ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืจืึทื. ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ - ืฉืขืจื“ ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ (ืงืกืขืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ื˜ ื˜ื™ืฉ), ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืงืกืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉ ืงืึทื ืึทืœ), ืฉืขืจื“ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืงืกืขื ืกื˜ืึธืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื˜ืฉืึทื  ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ. ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ื™ืœืฃ, ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ qrexec ืื•ืŸ qubes-rpc, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ - ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ืกื‘ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืคึผื‘ืึธืจื“ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜, ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคึผืึทืœืึทืกื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท VM. ื“ื™ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืžืก.

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ืื–ื•ื™, ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ VM ืื™ื– ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ื ืขืฅ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืก ื•ื•ืžืก ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืœื™ืงืึทื“ื–ืฉ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– (PGP / SSH) ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ VMs ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™.

ื˜ืขืžืคึผืœืึทื˜ืขืก, ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ VMs

ื›ืœ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ Qubes ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™. ื“ื™ ืึทืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืœืึทื˜ืข-ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ (TemplateVM). ื“ืขืจ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื•ื•ื ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’, ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื“ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ (dnf ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ื™ืง) ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทื ื“ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ (GnuPG). ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท VMs ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ VMs ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ืงืขืจ.

ื‘ื™ื™ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคึผ, ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ VM (AppVM) ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ VM ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ืฅ ื“ืขื ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืึธืŸ ืฉืคึผืึธืจืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืฆืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ VM, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ.

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ืึทื‘ืึทืœ VMs (ื“ื™ืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ืึทื‘ืœืขVM) ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’. ืึทื–ืึท ืึท VM ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืœ - ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื ืึธืš ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจืžืื›ื˜. ื“ื™ืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ืึทื‘ืึทืœ VMs ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืกืึทืกืคึผื™ืฉืึทืก ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืงืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–. ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ VM ืื™ื– ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืงืข ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ (Nautilus) ืื•ืŸ E- ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ (ื˜ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ืจื“).

Windows VM ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ VM ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœ ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’. ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’. ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ VMs ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ - ืžื™ื˜ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ (ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ sys-firewall ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–) ืื•ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข (ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ื ืขืฅ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ). ืึทืœืข ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ VMs, ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืœื™ื™ืขื  - ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืึธืžื™ืก.

ืงืึทืžืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ Windows

ื“ื™ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Qubes ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ; ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows. ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ Windows, ืื™ืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื Qubes Windows Tools (QWT), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Xen, ืึท qvideo ืฉืึธืคืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ (ื˜ืขืงืข ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ, ืงืœื™ืคึผื‘ืึธืจื“). ื“ื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืขื‘ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’.

ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื™ืกืขื ืฉืึทืœื™ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื. ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก (QWT) ืกื™ืžื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Windows ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืฅ ืึท ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืึทืกืกืขืกืก ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื ืึท ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืขืก ื™ื ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ืึทื ื˜ืœื™, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง. ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืžื•ืœืึทื˜ืขืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืขืจื“ ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ. ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึธืคืขืจ 'ืก ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข, ืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ Windows ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึธืกืกื‘ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื™ื ืข, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื˜ื™ื ื’ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–, ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ "ืฉื˜ื™ืœ" ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท VM ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜. ืžื™ ืจ ื”ืื‘ ืŸ ื“ ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ ืŸ ืคื• ืŸ ื“ืข ืจ ืืจื‘ืข ื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœ ื˜ ืื™ ืŸ ื ื‘ืื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ื–, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœืึทื ื’ ื™ื ืกืคึผื™ืจื™ื ื’ ืคื™ืจืŸ Qubes ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ.

ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ Windows, ื“ืึธ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ืขืŸ ืขืก). ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืึทืจืึธื•ื ื“ืก - ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ Xen ื‘ืœืึธืง ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ VM ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืกื™ื ื’, ืคื™ืงืกื™ืจ ื ืขืฅ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืจืขืก. ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ Windows 7 ืื•ืŸ Windows 10 (ื—ื•ืฅ qvideo).

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืฆื• ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ, ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื–ืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ Windows ืื•ื™ื‘ ืคืึทืจ-ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืึธืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ืึทื–ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืกืึทื ืกื™ื– ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ UEFI ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืฆื• ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื“ื™ ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ACPI ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื (SLIC ื˜ื™ืฉ) ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืจืขื“ืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข, ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทื‘ืจื™ืงืึทื ื˜. Xen ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ACPI ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื˜ื™ืฉืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืึธื ืขืก. ื ืœืึทื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืึท ืขื ืœืขืš OpenXT ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ Qubes, ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคึฟืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืคื™ืงืกื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืงื•ื•ื‘ืขืก ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง.

ื“ื™ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ื“ื™ืกืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ Windows ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ, ื•ืกื‘ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขื“ื™ืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืคึผื•. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ VM ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึธืคื™ืก ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.

ื“ื™ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ืึธืŸ ืึท ื ืขืฅ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ื ืขืฅ ื ืึธืš ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท Windows VM ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžืงื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ VMs, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืึทืก ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื - ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ , ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื VM sys-usb, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ "ืคืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ื“" ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ VM. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืก ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก.

ื ื™ืฆืŸ QubesOS ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Windows 7

ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื•ื™ืก (ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืคื•ืœืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืึทืœืึทื•ื–) ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ 'ืก ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืขืจืงืกื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ.

ืึธื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืึท ืžืกืงื ื

ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ Windows ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืึธืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ - ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื™ึท ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ืขืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึทื˜ืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข.

ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ, Qubes OS ื”ืขืœืคึผืก ืื™ืจ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื“ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก, ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื–ืขืŸ Qubes ื‘ืคึฟืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคืึทืจืœืึทื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ืึธื ื™ืžื™ื˜ื™, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธืคื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื’ืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก, ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืงืจื™ืฅ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืกื˜ืขืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืงืึธื ืข ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื•ื ื’ ื”ืขืœืคึผืก ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืงืขืœื™ื”ืึธืึธื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืคืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ - ื™ืึธื’ืขื ื™ืฉ, ืžื™ื“ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืืื–"ื• ื•.

ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืึทื ืžืึทื ืฅ. ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 4.1 ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท 31 ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ Xen ืื•ืŸ Libvirt. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื›ื“ืื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืืžืขืจืงืŸ ืึทื– Qubes ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกืกื™ืึธื ืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ื™ึท ื˜ืจืขืฅ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“.

ืึทืคื˜ืขืจื•ื•ืึธืจื“

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ VMS ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืคึผื• ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Intel GVT-g ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืขืกื˜ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Qubes 4.1 ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ื™ื˜ื”ื•ื‘.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’