ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ FFmpeg 5.0 ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืคึผืขืงืœ

ื ืึธืš ืฆืขืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’, ื“ื™ FFmpeg 5.0 ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืคึผืขืงืœ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ (ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’, ืงืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ). ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืื™ื– ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ LGPL ืื•ืŸ GPL ืœื™ื™ืกืึทื ืกื™ื–, FFmpeg ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืฉื›ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฆื• ื“ื™ MPlayer ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜. ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ API ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจ ืกื›ืขืžืข, ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ื™ืึธืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืขืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื“ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ - ืึทืžืึธืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจ. FFmpeg 5.0 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ LTS ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜.

ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• FFmpeg 5.0 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ:

  • ื ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืคึผื™ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข N: M API, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืกืขืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–. . ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืœื˜ ืึทืคึผื™ืก ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“. ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึทืคึผื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ืกื˜ืจื™ื ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจืก. ืืคื’ืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก - ืžืขื“ื™ืข ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ืขืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืกืขืจื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื™ืžื‘ืขื“ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ืขืจื–. ืึทืคึผื™ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ - ืึทืœืข ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจื˜.
  • ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืจืขืกืึทืžืคึผืœืข ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ืื™ื– ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ.
  • ื ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืขืจ AVFrame-ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ API ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ libswscale ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง.
  • ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื“ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ Vulkan graphics API.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืึทืงืกืขืœืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ VP9 ืื•ืŸ ProRes ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ VideoToolbox API.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ LoongArch ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ Loongson ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ LSX ืื•ืŸ LASX SIMD ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ LoongArch. LoongArch-ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ H.264, VP8 ืื•ืŸ VP9 ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืงืึทื˜ืฃ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื– ืึท ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ("ffplay concatf: split.txt").
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ืขืจื–: ืกืคึผืขืขืงืก, MSN ืกื™ืจืขืŸ, ADPCM IMA Acorn Replay, GEM (ืจืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ).
  • ื ื™ื™ึท ืขื ืงืึธื“ืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ: ื‘ื™ื˜ืคึผืึทืงืงืขื“, ืขืคึผืœ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก (ืกืžืง), ADPCM IMA Westwood, VideoToolbox ProRes. AAC ืขื ืงืึธื“ืขืจ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืžืขื“ื™ืข ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืงืงืขืจืก (ืžื•ืงืกืขืจ): ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืึธืึธื“ ืึทื•ื“, ืึทืจื’ืึธื ืึทื•ื˜ ื’ืึทืžืขืก ืงื•ื•ื’, ืึทื•ื•1 (ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื›ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื).
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทื ืคึผืึทืงืขืจื– (ื“ืขืžื•ืงืกืขืจ): ื™ืžืฃ, ืึทืจื’ืึธื ืึทื•ื˜ ื’ืึทืžืขืก ืงื•ื•ื’.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืึทืจืกืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืงืึธื“ืขืง.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืคึผื™ื™ืœืึธื•ื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืขืจ (ืคึผืึทืงืขื˜ื™ื–ืขืจ) ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื•ื ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืขืกืกืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ RTP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ (RFC 4175).
  • ื ื™ื• ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจืก:
    • ืึธืคึผืฉื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืกืขื’ืžืขื ื˜ - ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–, ืืคื’ืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืขืŸ.
    • hsvkey ืื•ืŸ hsvhold - ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ HSV ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื™ื™ืกืงืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก.
    • ื’ืจื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืึธืจืœื“ - ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืึทื˜ืึทืกืึทืก.
    • scharr - ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Schar ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ (ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึธื‘ืขืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืงืึธื•ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทื ืฅ) ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื.
    • ืžืึธืจืคืึธ - ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืžืึธืจืคืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื.
    • ืœื™ื™ื˜ืึทื ืกื™ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืึทื˜ืึทื ืกื™ - ืžื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ.
    • ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ื™ืคืฃ - ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื– ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–.
    • xcorrelate - ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ืงืึธืจืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–.
    • varblur - ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืคึฟื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื‘ืœืขืจ ืจืึทื“ื™ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื.
    • huesaturation - ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื›ื™ื•, ื–ืขื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขื ืกื™ื˜ื™ ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ืžืึทื ืฅ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื.
    • ืงืึธืœืึธืจืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืจื•ื - ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืจื•ื.
    • libplacebo - ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ HDR ืฉืึทื“ืขืจื– ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ libplacebo ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง.
    • vflip_vulkan, hflip_vulkan ืื•ืŸ flip_vulkan ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธืจื™ื–ืึธื ื˜ืึทืœ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคืœื™ืคึผ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจืก (vflip, hflip ืื•ืŸ flip), ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ Vulkan graphics API.
    • yadif_videotoolbox ืื™ื– ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึทื“ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื™ื ื˜ืขืจืœืึทืกื™ื ื’ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ VideoToolbox ืคืจื™ื™ืžื•ื•ืขืจืง.
  • ื ื™ื™ึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจืก:
    • apsyclip - ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื™ื™ืงืึธื•ืึทืงืึธื•ืกื˜ื™ืง ืงืœื™ืคึผืขืจ ืฆื• ืึทืŸ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš.
    • afwtdn - ืกืึทืคึผืจืขืกื™ื– ื‘ืจืึธื“ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืจืึทืฉ.
    • adecorrelate - ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืงืึธืจืจืขืœืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš.
    • atilt - ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืึท ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืจืึทืœ ื™ื‘ืขืจืจื•ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึธืคื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงื™ื™ื˜.
    • asdr - ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทืœ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–.
    • ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืจืึทืœืกื˜ืึทื˜ืก - ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืจืึทืœ ืงืขืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืงืึทื ืึทืœ.
    • adynamicsmooth - ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืกืžื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš.
    • adynamicequalizer - ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ื™ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš.
    • anlmf - ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืกืงื•ื•ืขืจื– ืฆื• ืึทืŸ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’