ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจืก ืึทืกืึธื•ืกื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื’ืŸ ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ DNS-over-HTTPS

ื”ืึทื ื“ืœ ืึทืกืึธื•ืกื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– NCTA, CTIA ะธ USTelecom, ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื–, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึธื ื’ืจืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ "ื“ื ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก" (ื“ืึธื”, ื“ื ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก) ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Google ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื“ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธื” ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื”ื™ืกื›ื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื ืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืึธืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืœ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ืกื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ื˜ื’ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืึธื•ืกื™ืกื˜ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื ืขื’ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคืืœื’ืŸ.

ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ื ื•ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื ืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืึทืกืึธื•ืกื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืขืก ืึทื ืึทืงืกืขืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื”ืึทื›ืœืึธื˜ืข ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื ืก ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทืจื’ื™ื•ื“ ืึทื– Google ืื™ื– ืžืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ DoH ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื, ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื˜ื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• Google ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืก ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ.

ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืงืจืึธื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“ ื“ืึธืžื™ื ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืจืง, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ื˜ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ืึธื” ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก, Google ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื“ื ืก ืึธื ืคึฟืจืขื’ ืคืœืึธื•ื–. ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืžืึทืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืŸ Google ืึท ื•ืžื™ื•ื™ืฉืขืจื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื™ึทืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืขื˜ื™ื˜ืึธืจืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื’ืึทื ืฆืข.

ื“ืึธื” ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืขืจืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืกืคึผื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ืึธืจื“ืขืจืก ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืžืœืขื’ืึทืœ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจื–. ื“ื ืก ืกืคึผืึธืึธืคื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืึทื‘ืึธื ืขื ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืœืึธืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืœื™ืก ื ืขืฅ.

ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื”ืื˜, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ืคืึทื•ื ื“ื™ื“, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ DoH ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“. ื‘ื“ืขื” ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื 78, ื“ืึธื” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื ืก ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืึธื” ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ืึธืœื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืฆื• ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืื ืขืœืŸ ื“ื ืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื”ื™ื’ืข ISP-ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื“ื ืก ืงื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืจืขืกืึธืœื•ื•ืขืจ. ื™ืขื ืข. Google ืก ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืขืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื ืก. ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธื” ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืกืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืจืขืคืึธืงืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš Google, ืžืึธื–ื™ืœืœืึท ื‘ื“ืขื” ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– CloudFlare. ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ื”ืื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ OpenBSD ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืจื•ืคืŸ ืึทื– DoH ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืขื•ื•ืขื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืœื™ืงืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื–, ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ื ืึทื˜ืึทืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื ืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืกืคึผืึธืึธืคื™ื ื’ (ืœืžืฉืœ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื•ื™-ืคื™), ืึทื ื˜ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื  ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืก. ืžื“ืจื’ื” (ื“ืึธื” ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืกื™ื ื’ ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ืคึผื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื”) ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืึทืงืกืขืก ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™).

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ื“ื ืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธื”, ื“ื™ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขื ืงืึทืคึผืกืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืจืขืกืึธืœื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื–. ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืึทืคึผื™. ื“ื™ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ DNSSEC ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื• ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืขืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคืึทื“ืขื ืฉื™ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก. ืื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 30 ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ื“ื ืก ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ืึธื”.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’