ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข

ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข (ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ "ืกืงื•ื•ืขืจืึทืœื–")

ะ’ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ 1 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ "ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืžืึธื“ืขืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึธื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ" ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืœืขื“ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท "ืžื™ื™ึทืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข" ื˜ืขืžืข ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ - ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื•ื•ืขืจืงืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืฆืึทืจ ืกืึทืœื˜ืึทืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื”ืขืœื“ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ ื’ื•ื•ื™ื“ืึธืŸ ืกืึทืœื˜ืึทื ืึธื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืกืขืก" ืคื•ืŸ ื.ืก. ืคึผื•ืฉืงื™ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข, ืฆื•ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืคืขืœื“ ื ื™ืฆืŸ "ืฉื•ื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื ื–". ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื•ืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผื•ืจ: ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงืฅ, ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืกื˜ืขืคึผืก, ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกื™ืคึผืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื. ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื–ื™ื’ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจื™ื™ื– ืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ ืคืจื™ื™ืžื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื•ืกื˜ืจืึทืœื™ืึทืŸ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืกืคึผืึทืจืงืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืก [ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก].
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขื˜ืึทื™ืœืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืคึผืœื™ืขื“ ืžืึธื“ืขืœื™ื ื’, ื–ืขืŸ [2].
ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฅ UML ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’, ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ [ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก].

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ (ืคื™ื’ื•ืจืข 1) ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ื“ืจืึทื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืžื™ื˜ "ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ" ื˜ืจืึทืงืก (ืคื™ื’ื•ืจืข 2), ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืก, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืกืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™.

ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข
ืคื™ื’ื•ืจืข 1. ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข - ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก

ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข
ืคื™ื’ื•ืจืข 2. ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข - ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’

  1. ืขืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจืึธื•ื– ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 2 ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข.
  2. ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 2 ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข, ื“ื™ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ "ืกืžื™ืจื“" ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง, ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื.
  3. ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื”ืขืจื•ืช - ื›ึผืœืœื™ื. ืื• ืŸ ื›ื“ ื™ ืืจืฒื ืฆื•ืœืฒื’ ืŸ ื“ืข ื ืชืงื  ื” ืฐืขื’ ืŸ ื“ืข ื ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืž ื˜ ืคื• ืŸ ื ื“ื™ืงืืŸ , ื”ื ื˜ ืžืข ืŸ ืืžื ืœ ื’ืขื“ืืจืค ื˜ ืืจืืคืฆื™ืข ืŸ ืืœ ืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ ืŸ ืคื• ืŸ ื“ ื™ ื“ื™ืื’ืจืืžืขืŸ .
  4. ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœืึธื•ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ / ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื™ืงืŸ ..." ืฉืจื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึทื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืจื™ื˜.
  5. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข, ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืžืขืจื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก, ื ื•, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ "ื ื™ื™ืก"! ืฆื•ืž ื’ืœื™ืง, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ - ื“ื™ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ.

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืจืึทื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืžืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.
ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ื’ืŸ - ืžืืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฆื• ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก.

ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื™ื

  1. ื•ื•ืขื‘ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ Sparx Systems. [ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ืœ] ืึทืงืกืขืก ืžืึธื“ืข: ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜: https://sparxsystems.com
  2. ื–ืึธืœืึธื˜ื•ื›ื™ื ืึท ืข.ื‘., ื•ื•ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื.ืก., ืงืจืืกื ื™ืงืึธื•ื•ืึท ืก.ื. ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืžืึธื“ืขืœื™ื ื’. โ€” ืž.: COURSE, SIC INFRA-M, EBS Znanium.com. โ€” 2017.
  3. OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML) ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 2.5.1. [ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ืœ] ืึทืงืกืขืก ืžืึธื“ืข: ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜: https://www.omg.org/spec/UML/2.5.1/PDF

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’