ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืจืื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜

ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืงื™ืœื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ. ืื™ืš ืžื•ื– ื–ืึธื’ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงื ืึทืคึผ: ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžื™ืกื˜, ืึท ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคืึธืžืึทื ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ.

ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื– ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ "ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“" ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืข. ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื‘-ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคื•ื™ืœ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขืงืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ืคืึทืจืžืขืกื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื•, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืœื™ื ืงืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืš. ื‘ื™ื–ื ืขืก ืคึผืจืึธื•ื’ืจืึทืžืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืื ืืžื™ืข.

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฆื•ืคืึทืœ, ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืœืขืกืึธืฃ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืคึผืึทืกืงื•ื“ื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื - ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ืึทืœืข ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื™ืงืกื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืึทืกื˜ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืขืก ืก ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืกืงื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืข ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื˜.

ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื™ื™ื–, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ WHO ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง - 39% ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื“ืึทืœืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื•ื•ืึธื’. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– 1.9 ื‘ื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ. 13% ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ืก, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– 650 ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ. ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™, ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืืจืฃ ื“ืึธ - ื ืึธืจ ืงื•ืง ืึทืจื•ื.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš. ื‘ื™ื–ืŸ 1 ื™ืื ื•ืืจ 2019 ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ื™ื’ื˜ 92.8 ืงื’, ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ื™ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ 173 ืกืขื ื˜ื™ืžืขื˜ืขืจ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื’ืจืื“ื•ืื™ืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœืขื’ืข, ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ื™ื’ื˜ 60 ืงื’. ืื™ืš ืžืžืฉ ืคึผืขืœืฅ ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืœื™ - ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื–ืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืึธืคื˜ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ (ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืขืจื ืกื˜ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื™ื’ื–ืขืจืฉืึทืŸ).

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืœื˜-ืงืœืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ.

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื“?

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’. ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜. ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืืจืงืคืœืขืฆืขืจ. ื–ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš.

ืึทืœืข ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืกืขื ื˜ืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืŸ. ื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ. ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ื•ืžื™ื ื’.

ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ, ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืฉืึทื ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืกืึธืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืงืœื™ื ื™ืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจ - ืื™ื– ืขืก ื˜ืึทืงืข ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืจื™ื–ื™ืง ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ? ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข.
ืžืขื“ื™ืฆื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ื‘ืื”ืื ื“ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืกืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข.

ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ - ืขืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทืžืขืจื–. ื ื ืืจืžืืœืข , ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื ื“ืœื™ื›ืข ืจ ืฆื™ืœ . ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืก ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืœืึทื ื’ - ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื™ื™ึทื ื‘ืจืึธืš. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืงื˜ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื–ืึธืœ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ื–ืึทืœ, ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืคืขื˜. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืคื™ื ื™ื˜ื•ื. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ื ื™ืง ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื›ืขื–ืฉื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืคืขื˜.

ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืกื™ ื˜ื™ืจื™ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืกื™ื˜ื™. ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืฉืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืงืœื•ื‘, ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืฆืขืจ - ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืงืขืฉืขื ืข, ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื™ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ืืžืช ืื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ WHO ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืึทื˜ื™ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจื™ืคึผืึทืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ 1975 ืฆื• 2016.

ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื™ื‘ืขืจื•ื•ืึธื’, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื, ืื™ื– ืขืจื’ืขืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจ. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืจืขื ื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ - ื’ืขื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ. ื ื•, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื– ืงืœืืจ... ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืืกืืš. ื–ื™ืฆื™ืง ืœื™ื™ืคืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืึทื ื›ืขืœื˜ื™ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ื’ื•ืจืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืงืขืจ, ืืื–"ื• ื•. ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™, ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืœืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืจื•ื“ืขืจืŸ.

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ? ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืขืจ ืคึผื™ื™ึทืก ื’ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื. ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– "ืขืคึผืขืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’."

ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืคืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜. ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ื–ืึทืœ, ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผื™ืœื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืคืขื˜ ืึทื‘ื–ืึธืจืคึผืฉืึทืŸ, ืงืึธื ื˜ืึทืงื˜ ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืฉืึทื ื™ืกืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื, ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ืคึผืึธืกื•ืงืฉืึทืŸ, ืืื–"ื• ื•.

ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืึทื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข. ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ. ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืœื•ื‘, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืึทืงื˜ ืึท ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืฉืึทื ื™ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคึผื™ืœื–.

ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืึทืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ืœื™. ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’-ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืึทื– ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึธืคึผืข ืžื™ื˜ "ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™" ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ. ืคื™ื˜ื ืขืกืก ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ื•ื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื‘ืึธื ืขืžืขื ื˜. ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืœื–, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื–ืึธืœ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ.

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื–, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ืฆื™ืœ: ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืงืขืŸ ืกืฒึท ืคึฟืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืกืฒึท ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื– ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“. ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก, ื›ื“ื™ ืขืจ ื–ืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ. ื“ืจื™ื˜ื ืก, ื›ื“ื™ ืขืจ ื–ืืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื ื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜. ืคืขืจื˜, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžื™ืกื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’. ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื”ืึทื ืึธื›ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ื™.

ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืจืขืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื™ื ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื™ื–. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืขืกื˜ ืจื™ื–ื™ืง ืคึผืึธืจืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืจื™ืฉื˜ื™ืง, ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืึธื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืงืึทื•ื ืฅ ืงืึทืœืึธืจื™ืขืก, ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืกืŸ ื ืึธืš 18-00, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทื•ื ื˜ืœืึทืก ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก.

ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื– ืึท ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืขื ื•ื ื’ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื–, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ, ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ืœื–.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื–ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื? ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ.

ืื™ืš ืžื•ื– ื–ืื’ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื“ืขืžืืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืžืืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ืœื˜ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ืข ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื’ืขืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ.

ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื ืคืึธืจืžืืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืืœื˜ืข ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืžืขื˜ืื“ืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื•ืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ืจืึทื’ืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก.

ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธืคืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื ืขื ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจืขื’ืจืขืกืกื™ืึธืŸ-ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื–. ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ - ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื“ืจื•ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืข ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืึทื ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก - ื“ื™ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ื“ืจื•ืง ืกืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืขื ืกืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืžื‘ื™ืึทื ื˜ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืขื•ืช, ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธื•ืœื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉ.

ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ - ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื•ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทื ืฅ. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ "ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ืœื™". ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื•ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจืึทืคึผืขืจ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก - ื™ื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ, ื™ืงืกืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืขืคึผื•ื•ื™ืกืข. ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื’, ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทื–ืœื“ื™ืง - ืื™ืš ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื, ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 15 ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ MatLab, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืงืึธื•ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทื ืฅ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื’ื•ืฃ, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืžืึทืกืข. ื“ื™ ื™ื ืคึผื•ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื–ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’.

ื›โ€™ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืึทืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ืžืขื“ื™ืฆื™ื ื™ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ. ืขืก ืื™ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’. ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืจืง ืื™ื– ืคืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืขื˜ื™ื˜ืึธืจืก.

ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ื™ืขืจื“ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืจืึทืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื•ืžื™ื™ื ื– body-math.ru ืื•ืŸ body-math.com. ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื’, ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ืึธื’ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืคืจื™ื™, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ.

ื˜ืจืึทื™ื ื™ื ื’

ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ืขืงืก ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืื™ืš ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ื–ืึทืžืœืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ.

ืขืจืฉื˜ื ืก, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืื™ื ื“ืขืจืคึฟืจื™, ืึธืคึผืฆื•ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืื™ ืš ื”ื ื‘ ืคืจื™ืข ืจ ืคืืจืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ , ืื‘ืข ืจ ืžื™ ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ื™ืง ืŸ ืฐ ื™ ื’ื ื˜ ืฉืขื ืง ื˜ ืžืฒ ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” . ืื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ Samsung Health ืึทืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ - ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Samsung Galaxy.

ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’.

ื“ืจื™ื˜ื ืก, ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžื•ื— ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื ืืœื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืคืืกื™ืจื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคืึธืจืžื™ืจื•ื ื’. ืื™ืš ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื–, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ... ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœืขืคื™ืขืจืขืš ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื˜ืขื’ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืขืจื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขืš, ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ.

ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื™ื ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื™ื ื’ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื ื˜ืงืขื’ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื  ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ืจืึทืงืึทืœื– ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ.

ืžื™ืจืึทืงืœืขืก

ืžื™ืจืึทืงืึทืœื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืขืก ืคืืจืงืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ. ื’ืขื ื•ื™ ื˜ืขื ื”'ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืขืจ ืคืืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืžืงื•ืจื™ื ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื ื“ื™ืืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืœ ืคืืจืงืขืจื˜ืข ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื: ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืกืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื“ ื ืึธืš? ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื–ืึธื’ืŸ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกื˜ืจื™ืง ื–ืึทืคื˜ (ืึทืงืึท ื–ื•ื™ืขืจ) ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ืึทื“, ื“ื™ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ื™ื“, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืจืึทืฅ. ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง, ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึธืคึผื•ื ื’. ื ืึธืš ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ืึธื’ืŸ - ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืžืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืœื™ืกื™ืง, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืจื˜ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’.

ืžื™ืจ, ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก. ื ื•, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืขืง ืขืก ืื•ื™ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘. ืื‘ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื•ืš "ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงื™ืฉืงืข" ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืžื™ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื•ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืงื•ืจื™ื - ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืข ื”ืขืœื™ืงืึธื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืคึผื™ื™ืœืึธืจื™. ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื; ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืก, ื‘ืขืจื™ ืžืึทืจืฉืึทืœ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื‘ืขืœ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ 2005. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช ื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืึทื“ืึทื ืึทืœ ืึทืœืกืขืจื–. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคึผืจืขื’ืœื˜, ื’ืขื–ืึธืœืฆืŸ, ืคืึทื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธื“ืข.

ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ืข ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื™ืŸ 1979, ืึธื‘ืขืจ "ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ" ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื“ื™ืฆื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 21 ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜. ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืึทื– ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ื‘ืึทื”ืึทื ื“ืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืžืึธื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ื ื•ืžืณ 5.

ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ื–ืึทืš. ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™, ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืœืึทืงื•ื•ืขืจืง, ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ืง ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืœ. ืขืจืฉื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืคืขื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื˜, ืึทืœืฅ ืžืขืจ ืœื™ื™ื“ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ืฆื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืกืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ. ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ืฆื™ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืจื™ื ืขืจื™ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืกืึทื‘ืกื˜ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืคึผืจืขื’ืœื˜ ืงื•ื˜ืœืขื˜. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ืจืึธื˜ืฉืœืึธืจื™ืง ื–ื•ื™ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืคึผื™ืœื–.

ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฅ, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฉืืœื•ืช, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืก. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ื  ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ - ืคึผืœื•ืฆืœื™ื ื’, ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ื ื˜ื•ื–ื™ืึทืกื˜ื™ืง ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ื ืก ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ Helicobacter, ืื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืงืึทื“ืขืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื’ืขื“ืื ืงืขืŸ.

ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš.

ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘

ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื• ื™ืึธืจ? ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ. ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทืกืœื™, ืึธืŸ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ืขืงืก ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™, ืื™ืš ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ืขื“ ื˜ืืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืฆืขืžื‘ืขืจ 2018.

ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’? ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืื˜ืขืžืื˜ื™ืง. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื• ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ืจื™ืึทืœ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜ื™ืง.
ืœืืžื™ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืกืง ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ, ืื™ืš ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทื“ื›ื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืœื–: ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ, ื‘ืจืขืงืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ "ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืฉื ืขืœ, ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืง."

ืžื™ื˜ ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ, ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ - ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืœื•ื•ืข ืขืก ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื™ืฉื•ื–. ืื•ืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ "ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก", ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ืึธืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ.

ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืืก ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืžืขื˜ืื“ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืกืคืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉืข ืžืขื˜ืื“ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคื•ืกืงืœืืค. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืจืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœืขืคึผื™ืง ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืคึฟื•ืŸ Scrum. ื“ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืŸ, ื–ืื’ื ื“ื™ื’ ืื– ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื“ืืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืกืงืจื•ื, ืื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ ื ื•. ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืกืงืึธืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืžืึธืกื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ืึทืกืึธืจื–. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ.

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ ืฉื ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื•ื™. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคืึทืœืฉ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ืื™ื ืงืจื•ื, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืจืฅ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืœ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืคื˜.

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืขืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืขืœ, ื‘ื™ืœื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•.

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ืš ืงืจืึธืกื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืœืขื•ื•ืขืจื– ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื–. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื’ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ื–, ืขืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœ ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ืคึผืœื•ืก, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืืคื™ืœื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก. ื™ืึธ, ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ "ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื‘ืึทื“ืขืจื– ืื™ืจ," ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืกืคึผืจืขื“ ื ื•ืฆืŸ.

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื™ืœื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึทืœืข.

ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืงื™ื™ืŸ "ื ื™ื™ึท ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ", ืจื•ื™ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข, ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœ ื“ืขืจื ืขืจื•ื ื’, ืคื™ืœืึธืกืึธืคื™ืข, ืขืกืึธื•ื˜ืขืจื™ื–ืึทื, ืืื–"ื• ื•. ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืขืก, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ืจื•ื™ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš.

ืื™ืš ื“ืืจืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทื–ืœื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ - ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš.

ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš

ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทื– ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžื™. ืึธืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึทืš ืคืึทืงื˜ ืฉืึธื•ื– ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ื•ื™ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™, ื ืขื‘ืขืš ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทื‘ืงืึทื ืฉืึทืก ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง: ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ึทื ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ื ื– ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืืŸ ื“ืขื.

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš, ื“ื•ืจืš ืฆื•ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืš ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง: ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื•ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืงื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ โ€“ ืจื•ืื™ื’ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ... ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจืขื ื•ื•ืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึธื˜ืŸ, ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ 1 ืงื’.

ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ืžื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš. ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ. ื›ืœ ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆืŸ, ื“ื•ืจืš... ื ื•, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ืจืึธื•ื™ื ื’. ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก?

ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืก, ื“ืขื ื’ื•ืฃ, ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก.

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื ืึทื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™. ื™ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ืง ืึทื•ื•ืขืงืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ. ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืจืึทื˜ืขืก. ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืึทืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ืจ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืจืขื“ื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืกื•ืžืข ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื–ืึธืจื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขื ื“ื– ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ื’ื™ื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืฆืึธืœืŸ. ื“ื™ ื“ืขืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื™ื“ืขืคื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜. ื•ื•ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ื™ื™ึทืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื™ื˜.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก - ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืœืขืงื˜ืขืจื–, ื›ื•ื™ื•ื• ืจื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืœื™ืคืก ื“ืึธ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืึทืงื™ื•ืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื ื™ื™ึท ื“ืขืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืข ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ 30 ืงื’.

ื“ืึธืก ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ื ื“ืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ื ื’. ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืžื™ืจ ื“ืืจืคืŸ ืื™ื ืื•ื™ืคื”ืขืจืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ. ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš.

ื™ืึทื ื•ืึทืจ

ืื•ื™ืฃ 1 ื™ืื ื•ืืจ 2019, ืื™ืš ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ 92.8 ืงื’. ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืกืŸ. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ืกืขื ืกื•ืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืขืก ื–ื™ืš, ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข 35 ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืœื–. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข 20 ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืกื˜ืขื“ืึทืœื™ ื’ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜.

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืžืงื•ืจื™ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืขื ื”ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข: ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ 2 ืฉืขื” ื ืึธืš ืขืกืŸ. ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ืึธืš, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ. ื ื•, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืขืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆื• ืงื™ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืขืกืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืคื™ืจื•ืช / ื•ื•ืขื“ื–ืฉื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœื–, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ.

ืื™ืš ืœืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ 2 ืฉืขื”, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืžืขืจ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืจืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทื“ืขืจื“ - ืขืก ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ. ื™ืึธ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืงืึทื ืกืึทืžืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึทืœืข. ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง. ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืš ืขืกืŸ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื™ืื ื•ืืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 87 ืงื’, ื“.ื”. 5.8 ืงื’. ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงื™ืœืึธื’ืจืึทืžืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืกืงื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืงืจืขื. ืื™ ืš ื”ื ื‘ ื“ืขืจืฆืฒืœ ื˜ ืžืฒื  ืข ืคืจืฒื  ื˜ ืฐืขื’ ืŸ ืžืฒื  ืข ื“ืขืจืคืืœื’ ืŸ ืื• ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ืจ ืืฒื ืข ืจ ื”ืื‘ ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ , ื ื– ื‘ืืœ ื“ ืฐืข ื˜ ืคืืจืงื•ืžืข ืŸ ื ืคืœืื˜ , ืฐื ื ืฐืข ื˜ ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœืข ืš ืฆ ื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืžืข ืŸ ื ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ . ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืœื™ื‘ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืึทืจ

ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืืจ, ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืึธื ืคื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืžืึธื“ื ืข ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ - ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืจื•ืง ื˜ืขื’.

ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืืกื˜ืŸ ื˜ืขื’ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ - ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืกืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืงืขืคื™ืจ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก. ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ืึธืจื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื•ื•ื™ "ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง".

ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ "ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง". ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืึธืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืึธื ืขืก. ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื•ื•ื ื˜, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืกืŸ ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ืขืกืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขื™ื ืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืงืึทืจื‘ืึธื•ื›ื™ื™ื“ืจื™ื™ืฅ, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืกืŸ ื’ืขืคึผืจืขื’ืœื˜ ืคื•ื“ื–, ืืื–"ื• ื•. - ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก.

ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœืœื™, ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื“ื–ืฉืึทืžืคึผื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืกื™ื‘ื”. ืื™ืš ืขืกืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืกืงื•ื•ืขืจืึทืœื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ, ืคืึทืจืฉื™ืœื˜ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื›ืœ. ื ื’ืœืขื–ืœ ื–ื™ืกื•ื•ืึทืจื’. ืกืึธื“ืข. ื‘ื™ืจ, ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืข. ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืก - ื˜ืึทืงืข ื ื™ื˜, ื‘ืึทื“ื™, ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขื™ื ืก.

ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ, ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžืกื›ื™ื ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’. ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ ืงืึธื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก. ืื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืงืึธื›ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ื ื™ื™ึท. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื ื•, ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืคึผืขืจืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื– ืึท ืงื•ื•ืขืกืึทื“ื™ืœืœืึท ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืจืขื™ึดืฉ ื–ื•ืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืงื•ื ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ืงื™ื•ืงืึทืžืขืจื–.

ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ "ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ื ืก," ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ. ืื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–, ืื™ืš ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจื•ืง ื˜ืขื’. ื“ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื’ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ, ืืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืื™ืš ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ืงืขื ื“ื–. ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ - ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ื ืขื ืื™ืš ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืคืง ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืง, ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจื’ืขืจืก, ืึท ืขืžืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืจืฆื™ืงืข ืคืœื™ื’ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึธืงืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืึธืš, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืื™ืš ื ืึธื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื›ึผืœืœื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืงืขื ื“ื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืึทืกื˜ืจืึทื ืึทืžื™ืง ื“ืขื‘ืึทื•ื˜ืฉืขืจ.

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืจื•ื˜ืขื’ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ 2-3 ืงื™ืœืึธื’ืจืึทืžืก. ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ "ืงืœืึทืคึผ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ" ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ ืื™ื– ืื– ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื•ืืš ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื–ืืจื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ "ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’". ืื™ืš ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจืงืึทื•ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืจื•ื˜ืขื’, ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืจื•ืขืŸ.

ื’ืึทื ืฅ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืขืก ื’ืขืคืืœืŸ ืฆื• 85.2, ื“.ื”. ืžื™ื ื•ืก 7.6 ืงื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื™ืื ื•ืืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ.

ืžืึทืจืฅ

ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฅ, ืื™ืš ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ - ื“ื™ ื›ืึทื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ. ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ืขื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืจื˜ืขืžื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ืขื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืคื˜ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ืขืžื™ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืกืงืขืจื™. ื ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื’ื ืึธืจื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธืจืฉืึทื ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš.

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืฆื™ืœ - ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ - ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื—ืœืง ืคื™ืฅ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜. ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืจืึทื’ืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ, ืึธืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ, ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”.

ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืื‘ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื–ืื›ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืš ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืฉื˜ื•ืคื˜. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืจืคืึทืœื™ ืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ืงืึทืœืึธืจื™ืขืก. ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืœืขืš, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉืึธื“ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ื–ื™ื™ - ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึทืžื™ืฉ ืึทืจื•ื ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืกืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื™ืฆืœ. ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืืกืข.

ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื–, ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ืืœื™ื”ื• ื’ืึธืœื“ืจืึทื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ "ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ," ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ื˜ืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทื‘ื˜ืจื•ืกื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื’ืืกืŸ ืคึผื•ืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ MRP, ERP, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืคึผืœืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื ืึธืš ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ืœื˜ืŸ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืก. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื™ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ืจืึทืฉ ืืœืก ืื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ื ืขื ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ, ื“.ื”. ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฅ, ืื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ืจืึทื˜ ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื– ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก - ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜.

ื ื•, ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข. ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘. ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืขืกืŸ. ืื•ืŸ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ื–ืึธื’ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคืœืึทืงื˜ืฉื•ื™ื™ืฅ ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืœื™ืžืึทืฅ, ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืœื•ืก ืื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื•ืก. ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ืขืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ - ืื™ืš ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื™ื˜ ื”ืึทืœื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื’ ืื™ืš ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื–. ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ... ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืกืขืจืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœ ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืœืึธื–ืขื˜. ืื•ืŸ 2-3 ื˜ืขื’ ืื™ื– ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜.

ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ - ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื“ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ. ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืกืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึท ืคื•ืœ ื—ืœืง. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืจื•ื˜ืขื’, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคืึทืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’.

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ืžืึทืจืฅ ื“ืจืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• 83.4 ืงื’, ื“.ื”. ืžื™ื ื•ืก 9.4 ืงื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืคื™ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืขื ื˜ื•ื–ื™ืึทื–ื - ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ 10 ืงื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ึท ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื˜ืจืึธืฅ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืžืึธืœืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืืœ ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจืฉืึทื ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืกื˜ืขื“ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ึผื‘ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึธืคื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฅ. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื–ืฒึทื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึธื–ื˜ โ€” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืžืงืขืจืŸ ืฆื• ืžืฒึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ? ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ - ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืคืจื•ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืงืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ?

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜.

ืึทืคึผืจื™ืœ

ืื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืœ, ืื™ืš ืคืืจื•ื•ืืจืคืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื™ืื ื•ืืจ 2019. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึทืงืกืŸ, ื™ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ืจื™ื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ 89 ืงื’. ืื™ืš ืคึผืขืœืฅ ื“ืขืจืฉืจืึธืงืŸ.

ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ. ืื– ืืœืข ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืขืงืกืคืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ืชื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง ืคืืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืืžื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืœืฒึทื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง.

ื›ืณื”ืื‘ ื’ืขืฐืืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืœ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื ื”ืฒื‘ ืžืื™.

ืœื•ืก ื•ื•ืึธื’

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืืคืจื™ืœ 30, ื•ื•ืึธื’ 88.5 ืงื’. ืื™ ืŸ ืžืื™ , ื‘ื™ ืŸ ืื™ ืš ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืข ืŸ ืื™ ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ืœ , ื’ืขื’ืจื™ืœ ื˜ ืงื™ื‘ืื‘ืข ืŸ , ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืข ืŸ ืคื• ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจ , ืื• ืŸ ื–ื™ ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืื– ื˜ ืžื™ ื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืข ื’ืืกื˜ืจืื ืืžื™ืฉ ืข ืœืขื‘ื ืก . ืื•ืžื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ื”ื™ื™ื, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืœืขื•ื•ืขืจื– - ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืขืกืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืึทื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ? ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื’ ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืฆื• 83.9 ืงื’. ืึทื– ืื™ื–, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืจืฅ, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืึทืžืึทื ืฅ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืงืึทื‘ื•ืœืึทืจื™ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ "ืœื•ื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธื’". ื ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ 'ืก ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืขืจืขื. ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึธืคึผืคืึทืœ. ืžืืœ ื˜ืขื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ืœืึธื’ืจืึทืžืก. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืžื•ืกืงืœ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ืงืขืŸ, ื“ืจืขืง.

ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ืคืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฆื• ืคืึทืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 92.8 ืฆื• 83.4. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ืคืขื˜. ืื™ืš ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ 5 ืงื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื’. ืื–ื•ื™ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขื˜, ื ืืจ... ื ื•, ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ืขืก ืื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืื’. ื‘ืึทืœืึทืกื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืง.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืึทืกื˜ ืฉืจืขืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื’ืœื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข. ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื”ืื˜ ืคืืจืœื•ื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืžื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ืœืึธื’ืจืึทืžืก ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ, ื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ ืคืขื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืขื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืึทืกื˜.

ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ื•ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืžื™ื™ึท. ื›ืณื”ืื‘ ืฐื™ื“ืขืจ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืขืกืŸ ืฐื™ ื ืคืขืจื“. ืขืจืฉื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืžื•ื ื’ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜.

ืžืึทืš

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ 85.5 ืงื’. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืš ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืžืึทืจืฅ - 83.4 ืงื’. ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืจื•ื˜ืขื’ ืื™ืš ื‘ืื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’.

ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™, ืื™ืš ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ - 82.4 ืงื’. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื™ืึธืจื˜ืึธื’ ื˜ืึธื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ... ืื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ืืœืื’ื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 10 ืงื’.

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืžืึทืš. ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืื ื˜ืื’, 17 ื™ื•ื ื™, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 83.5 ืงื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืื’, 21 ื™ื•ื ื™ - 81.5 ืงื’. ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืง ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึทืœืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’.

ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืš ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ืœืึธื’ืจืึทืžืก, ื”ื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึธ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื“ืจืึทืคึผื™ื ื’ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื. ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืึธืš ืื™ืš ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื– - ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ึผื‘, ืึท ื™ืึทื–ื“ืข ืฆื• ืึท ืคึผื™ืฆืขืจื™ืึท, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืžื•ื ื’.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืจื˜ืึทื ื˜ืœื™, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™ ืึทื– ืึท ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ, ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ, ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคืจื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ, ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืฉืึทื ื™ืก, ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืคึผื™ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ.

ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคืจื™ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืงืึทื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทื ื–, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืจื“.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ. ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื–. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜. ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœืข ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ - ืึทื ืึทืงืกืขืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืœื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืึธื ืขืก.

ืคื™ื˜ื ืขืกืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืงืขื’ื ืขืจ. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“, ืื™ืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืกืงื™ื™ื ื’, ืงื•ื™ืฉื‘ืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืœื™ืคื˜ื™ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืŸ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืฉืึทืคืข, ืฆืขื”ืึทืงืŸ ื”ืึธืœืฅ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืขืจืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธืจืฃ. ืื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ, ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ืคื™ื™ึทืขืจ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคื™ืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ึทืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœืขืฉืŸ ืขืก.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ "ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’". ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืข. ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ืŸ ืงืจืึทืคื˜. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื‘ืฉืขืช. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ึท ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื.

ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื™ืœื– ื“ืืจืฃ. ื ื™ื˜ ื™ืึธื’ื•ืจื˜ ื“ืืจืฃ. ื’ืจื™ื ื–, ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืึธื“ืก, ืœื™ืžืขื ืข ื–ืึทืคื˜, ืžื™ืœืš ื˜ื™ืกืึทืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืžืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื” ื™ื™ืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืืจืฃ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื“ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™.

ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื‘ืข ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ - ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ื ืึธืš ืžืึธืœืฆืฒึทื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ - ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืึธื“ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ืœื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื˜ืขื’. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืกืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ื“ื™ ื—ืœืง. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื, ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜. ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื“ืขืจื ืืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ึท ื•ื•ืึธื’ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืœืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึทืจ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข.
ื ื•, ืื™ื– ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ื ืข?

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ?

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ 30 ืงื’, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš "ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜." ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื ืึธืš ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื’ 11.6 ืงื’, ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื ื™ื™ึท ืœืขื•ื•ืขืจื– ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง - ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’, ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ - ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืกื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 78%.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง. ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื“ืืจืฃ ืื™ืš ื ืžืื“ืขืœ ื•ื•ืืก ืคืจืขื“ื™ืงื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื™ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืื’ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื– ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคืืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ื ืื›ืŸ ืขืกืŸ?

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ืš. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืกืชึผืžื ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืžืขื  ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ืคืึธืจืขื. ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืื™ืš ืกืึทื’ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš. ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื ื•, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก.

ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“ - ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ. ืึธืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืคึผื™ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื™ืฅ. ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืคืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืึธืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืขื˜ืข. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื•, ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’. ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

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