ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ HTTPA ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก

ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข HTTPA ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ (HTTPS Attestable), ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื“ HTTPS ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช. HTTPA ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ TEE ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข (ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ืขื“ ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข) ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ.

ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงืฅ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ืคืืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ. ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืขื ืงืœืึทื•ื•ืขืก, ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ Intel SGX (Software Guard Extension), ARM TrustZone ืื•ืŸ AMD PSP (Platform Security Processor), ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ืงืึทื“ื–ืฉ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ื ืึธื“ืข.

ืฆื• ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข, HTTPA ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ Intel SGX, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื˜ืึทื ื˜ื™ืกื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ืงืœืึทื•ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜. ื™ืกืขื ืฉืึทืœื™, HTTPA ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ื– HTTPS ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ืžืึธื•ื˜ืœื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื ืงืœืึทื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืขื›ื˜ Intel SGX ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• Intel SGX, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ.

ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ HTTPA ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื“ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืฉืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ HTTPS, HTTPA ืึทื“ื™ืฉื ืึทืœื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื™ื ื˜ืจืึทื“ื•ืกื™ื– ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ "ATTEST", ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืกืคึผืึธื ืกืขืก:

  • "ืคึผืจืขืคืœื™ื’ื”ื˜" ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืขื ืงืœืึทื•ื• ืึทื˜ื˜ืขืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ;
  • "ืึทื˜ื˜ืขืกื˜" ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื˜ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก (ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื, ื™ืงืกื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืกื™ืข, ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืกืขืกื™ืข ืื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืขื ืงืœืึทื•ื•ืข ืก ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜);
  • "ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืกืขืกื™ืข" - ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืžืกื›ื™ื ืคืึทืจ-ืกืขืกื™ืข ืกื•ื“ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™.

ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ HTTPA ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก

HTTPA ื™ืžืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื“"ื”. ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, HTTPA ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืึทื– ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ TEE ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก. ืื–ื•ื™, HTTPA ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืึทื™ืžืขื“ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ื‘ืื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ื ืึทื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื“ื™ืฆื™ื ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ TEE ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜, ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ mHTTPA (ืงืขื’ื ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง HTTPA) ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืžื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™-ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™-ื•ื•ืขื’ ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’