ืžื™ื™ึทื”ืขื - ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืกื•ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ OpenSSH ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

ืคืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA) ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื  ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ึทื”ืขื ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ Rowhammer ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ื‘ืึทืจืึทืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจืฉืึทืŸ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืง ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืง ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืคืœืึทื’ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฆื™ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ. ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ SUDO, OpenSSH ืื•ืŸ MySQL, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜-ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืขื ืข ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ OpenSSL ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง.

ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืงืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœ. ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงืึธื“: int auth = 0; ... // ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืึทื– ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ื” ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ (ืึทื•ื˜ื” != 0) ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ AUTH_SUCCESS; ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ AUTH_FAILURE;

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื“ืึธืจื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 32-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืึทื•ื˜ื”ืึทื‘ืœืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืื™ื– ืคืืจื“ืืจื‘ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ื“ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื™ืŸ SUDO, OpenSSH, MySQL ืื•ืŸ OpenSSL.

ืžื™ื™ึทื”ืขื - ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžืึทื ื’ืœื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืกื•ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ OpenSSH ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ืฆื• ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจืึทืกืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื "ืื•ื™ื‘ (ืึทื•ื˜ื” == 1)", ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืžืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืคื•ืŸ 32, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื‘ื™ืกืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœื– ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื–, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืžืคึผืขืจืขืจืึทืœื™ ืคืœืึทืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืจื•ืคืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทืœ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืคื™ืจืขืก. ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ, ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืจืึธื•ื“ื•ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื“ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจืŸ.

ืžื™ื™ึทื”ืขื - ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžืึทื ื’ืœื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืกื•ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ OpenSSH ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RowHammer ืงืœืึทืก ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ื–ื™ื ื˜ DRAM ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™-ื“ื™ืžืขื ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืžืขื ื’ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืกืขืœื–, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืคึผืึทืกืึทื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจ, ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืžื™ื ื’ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจื“ื™ืง ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜, ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื•ืœื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคืœืึทืงื˜ืฉื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืœื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืืจื•ืžื™ืงืข ืกืขืœื–. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขื ืกื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื– ื”ื•ื™ืš, ื“ื™ ืืจื•ืžื™ืงืข ืฆืขืœ ืงืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืกื•ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึธืคึผืฆืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืจื™ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื™ืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ืžืงืขืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆืขืœ. . ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ RowHammer, ืฉืคึผืึธืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ืึทืคืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึท TRR (Target Row Refresh) ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืฆืขืœ ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืงืึทืกืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–.

ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื™ึทื”ืขื ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจืึทืกืึทื ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืคืขืจืึทื ืกื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืฆื•ืคืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื–ื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜-ื ื•ืœ ืึธืงื˜ืขืฅ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึทื ืจื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืง, ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืœ. ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ืึทื˜ืึทืงืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืงืึธื“: int auth = 0xbe406d1a; ... // ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• 0x23ab8701 ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ (ืึทื•ื˜ื” == 0x23ab8701) ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ AUTH_SUCCESS; ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ AUTH_FAILURE;

ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ืฅ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืกื•ื“ืึธ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 1.9.15 ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ CVE-2023-42465 ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™. ื–ื™ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคื™ืงืกื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’