ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก?

ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก?

ื’ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคื•ืกืกื˜ืขืคึผืก ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืœื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 2019, ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืฆืขื ื–ื™ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื™ืจื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ื ืื•ื™ืคื™ืงืขืจ. ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื ืขืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื–: 

  1. ื–ืืœ ืก ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื˜.
  2. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก.

ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืงืึทืœืงื•ืœืึทื˜ืึธืจ "ืžื™ื™ึทืŸ ืกื™ืจืงืœืข", ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ืกืขืจืก ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ื“ืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึทืงืกื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืขืก.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืก ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื‘ืกืึธืœื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– 

ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึทืŸ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืื™ื– 140 ืจื•ื‘ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ - 000 ืจื•ื‘ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทืคืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืฉื˜ืขื˜, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข - 120 ืจื•ื‘ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ืง, ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื– 000% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– 80% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ. 

ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก?

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ-ืคึผืœื•ืก ืฉื˜ืขื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธื•ื•ืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืจืกืง, ื ื™ื–ืฉื ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ื’ืึธืจืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืกื ืึธื“ืึทืจ, ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึทืŸ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 90 ืจื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– 000% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข. ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืœื’ืึธื’ืจืึทื“, ื™ืขืงืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’, ื•ื•ืึธืจืึธื ืขื–ืฉ, ืกืึทืžืึทืจืึท, ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืกื ื•ื™ืึทืจืกืง - ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 35 ืจื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– 80% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืขืจื ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธืกื˜ืึธื•ื•-ืื•ื™ืฃ-ื“ืึธืŸ - ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 000 ืจื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– 43% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืึธืžืกืง - ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 70 ืจื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– 000% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ.

ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก?

ืึทื– ืื™ื–, ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื™ืžืคึผืจืขืกืกื™ืึธื ืก, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืœืขื‘ืŸ 2 ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืจ ืžืืœ ืคึผื•ืจืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืงืึทื•ื ืขืจืคึผืึทืจืฅ. ืงืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืึทืงืข ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“? ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜? ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืขืจื˜ืฉืึทืกื™ื ื’ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜? 

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก

ื–ืืœ ืก ืจื™ื–ืึธืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ื ื•ืžื‘ืขืึธ, ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืืžืœื˜ ืกื˜ืื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื–ืŸ ืคืืจ ืคืืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ืœืขืš ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื™ื ื“ื™ืกื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข: 

  1. ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก (ืขืงืกืงืœ ืจืขื ื˜). ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก (ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ) ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ืกื•ืžืขืจ ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข - ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’, ืจืขืกื˜ืจืึทื ืฅ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– - ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง. ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ืคึผืึธื˜ืขืง. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืคื•ืŸ 120, ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึทื– Numbeo ืจืึทื˜ืขืก ืขืก 20% ืžืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง.
  2. ืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืืฆืขื ื˜ ืคืจื™ื™ื–ืŸ ืคืืจ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืกื™ื˜ื™. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืื™ื– 80, Numbeo ืขืกื˜ื™ืžืึทื˜ืขื“ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ 'ืก ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ืงืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ืœืขืš 20% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืกื™ื˜ื™.
  3. ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืคึผืœื•ืก ืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก. ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืคึผืœื•ืก ืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก - ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืกืึทื’ื“ื–ืฉืขืกืฅ, ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืกืึทื›ืึทืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข: ื“ื™ ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ืกื•ืžืขืจ ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก - ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ - ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืกื™ื˜ื™.

ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• 100. 

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื–ืึทื ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜. 

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข. ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 100 ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึผืขืจืกืขื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื–. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“: ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึท ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• 100, ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ืื™ื– 22% ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง - ื“ื•ืจืš 42%. 

ื’ืœืฒื›ืฆืฒื˜ื™ ืง ืฐืขืœ ืŸ ืžื™ ืจ ืฆื•ืœืฒื’ ืŸ ื ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ึพืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก , ืฆืขื˜ืฒืœื ื“ื™ ืง ื“ ื™ ื’ืขื”ืฒืก ืŸ ืื™ ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ืจ ืฉื˜ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ ืฃ ื“ืข ืจ ืฆื ืœ ืื™ ืŸ ืžืืกืงืฐืข . ืึทืžืึธืœ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืœื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 14% ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง - 57%.

ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, Numbeo ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ-ืคึผืœื•ืก ืฉื˜ืขื˜.

ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืžืขื“ื™ืึทืŸ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ, ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืจื•ื‘ืœ (ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ึทืŸ ืกื™ืจืงืœืข) ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง (ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Numbeo) ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข
ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข 140 100,00 35,65 100,00
ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ 120 85,71 27,64 77,53
ื ืึธื•ื•ืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืจืกืง 85 60,71 23,18 65,02
ื ื™ื–ืฉื ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ื’ืึธืจืึธื“ 92 65,71 24,14 67,71
ืงืจืึทืกื ืึธื“ืึทืจ 85 60,71 21,96 61,60
ื™ืขืงืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’ 80 57,14 23,53 66,00
ื•ื•ืึธืจืึธื ืขื–ืฉ 80 57,14 21,19 59,44
ืกืึทืžืึทืจืึท 79 56,43 22,99 64,49
ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ 78 55,71 22,91 64,26
ืคึผืขืจื 70 50,00 21,51 60,34
ืจืึธืกื˜ืึธื•ื•-ืื•ื™ืฃ-ื“ืึธืŸ 70 50,00 22,64 63,51
ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง 60 42,86 20,74 58,18

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืฆื• ืขื ืœืขืš ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข. ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 100 ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื ื˜. 

ื–ืืœ ืก ืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื ื™ื™ึท ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“: ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’, ืึท ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ 10% ืžืขืจ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทืกื ืึธื“ืึทืจ, ื ื™ื–ืฉื ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ื’ืึธืจืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืึธื ืขื–ืฉ - ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 1-4% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข. ื“ื™ ืœืึธื•ืึทืกื˜ ื’ืจืื“ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง - ื“ืึธ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ 26% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ื ื“ืึทืกื™ื–: ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ 60-70% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ 20-25% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.

ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืžืขื“ื™ืึทืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜, ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืจื•ื‘ืœ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืงืึธืก ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืงืึธืจืขื•ื• ืฆื• ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื ื™ื™ึท ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’
ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ 120 89,50 58,35 110,55
ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข 140 100,00 100,00 100,00
ืงืจืึทืกื ืึธื“ืึทืจ 85 77,91 34,43 98,56
ื ื™ื–ืฉื ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ื’ืึธืจืึธื“ 92 83,44 39,35 97,05
ื•ื•ืึธืจืึธื ืขื–ืฉ 80 77,91 27,13 96,14
ื ืึธื•ื•ืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืจืกืง 85 79,90 38,51 93,38
ืกืึทืžืึทืจืึท 79 80,47 36,11 87,50
ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ 78 80,27 35,81 86,70
ื™ืขืงืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’ 80 81,98 37,93 86,58
ืคึผืขืจื 70 77,75 30,89 82,87
ืจืึธืกื˜ืึธื•ื•-ืื•ื™ืฃ-ื“ืึธืŸ 70 81,04 32,57 78,73
ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง 60 76,56 26,11 73,67

ืกืึทืžืขืจื™ื™ื–

  • ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืจื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 35-60% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื–.
  • ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืขืจื˜ืฉืึทืกื™ื ื’ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข - ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข - ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทืกื ืึธื“ืึทืจ, ื ื™ื–ืฉื ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ื’ืึธืจืึธื“. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืึธื ืขื–ืฉ.
  • ื˜ืฉืขืœื™ืึทื‘ื™ื ืกืง ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื•ืึทืกื˜ ืคึผืขืจื˜ืฉืึทืกื™ื ื’ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทืคืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ - ื“ืึธ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข, ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ 26% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข.
  • ื“ืขื ื™ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืจื“ืก - ื˜ืจืึธืฅ ื“ืขื ืžืืœ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืžื™ื ืึทืœ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– - ืึทืงืขืจื– ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ ืฆืึธืœืŸ 60-70% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึธืงืึทื˜ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ 20-25% ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื›ื•ื™ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.

ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ืคึผื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข, ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืงืึทืœืงื•ืœืึทื˜ืึธืจ, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ: moikrug.ru/salaries/new. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทื ืึธื ื™ืžืข ื‘ืึทื ื•ืฆืขืจืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’