ื ื™ื• ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื•ืจืึทืœ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–

ื ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื–ืฉื™ื ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืœื™ืคืึธืจื ื™ืึท ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื•ืจืึทืœ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜ ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืึทื ื“ืึทืงื™ืึทืžืขื ื™ื“ ืงืคึผื• ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื–. ื“ื™ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผ ืงืึทืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึทืงื™ื•ืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ืžืึธื“ืข, ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื“ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ื ืึธื– ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜ืคืืจื˜ื™ืงื˜, ืขืก ืจืึธื•ืœื“ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื“ืึทืคึผืึทื–ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืฉ, ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืขืจ ื•ื• 1 ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜-ืงืึทื ืึทืœ ืื ืคืืœืŸ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ LFENCE ืœื™ืžืขื“ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืœื™ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืกื˜ืึทื’ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืœื™ืงืึทื“ื–ืฉ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžื™ืงืจืึธืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื•ืจืึทืœ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื–).

ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืึทืคืขืงืฅ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก ืจืขืœืขืึทืกืขื“ ื–ื™ื ื˜ 2011, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ Intel Skylake ืื•ืŸ AMD Zen ืกืขืจื™ืข. ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืงืคึผื•ืก ื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืขืจ RISC-ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืฉ. ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืฉ ืื™ื– ืคืึทื ื“ืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืงืึทืฉืึทื–, ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื ืขืœ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ CISC ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ RISC ืžื™ืงืจืึธื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธื ืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื˜ื ืึธื™ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึทืฉ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืงืึธื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฆื• ืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทืฉ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืคืขืจืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–.

ื ื™ื• ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื•ืจืึทืœ ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–

ื“ื™ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ืื™ื– ืกืขื’ืžืขื ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืงืคึผื• ืคึฟืขื“ืขื (ื”ื™ืคึผืขืจ-ืคึฟืขื“ืขื), ื‘ืฉืขืช AMD Zen ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ืฉืขืจื“ ืงืึทืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืจื™ื™ื™ืฅ ื˜ื ืึธื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืœื™ืงืึทื“ื–ืฉ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคืึธื“ืขื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึฟืขื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ SMT (ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืœื™ืงืึทื“ื–ืฉ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืงืคึผื• ืงืึธืจืขืก).

ืจืขืกืขืึทืจื˜ืฉืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึท ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืกื™ื ืขืจื™ืึธื•ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ื˜ืฉืึทื ืึทืœื– ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงืึธื“ ืฆื• ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืคืึทื“ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฆื• ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’) ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ JIT ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ), ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทืฉ, ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 965.59 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืจืก ืคื•ืŸ 0.22% ืื•ืŸ 785.56 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืขื’ื™ืข ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืขื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก (ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืงืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ), ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 85.2 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ 110.96 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืจืก ืคื•ืŸ 4%. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึทืžื“ Zen ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื–, ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืงืคึผื• ืงืึธืจืขืก, ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 250 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืจืก ืคื•ืŸ 5.59% ืื•ืŸ 168.58 ืงื‘ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ. ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืขืจ ื•ื• 1 ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 2.6 ืžืืœ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ ืึทื– ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืงืจืึธ-ืึธืคึผ ืงืึทืฉ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžืึทืœ ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืึธืžื™ืก, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืื ืคืืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืงืึทื˜ืฉื™ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ืึทื ืึทืžืึทืœื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืงืึทืฉ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืคืืœืŸ.

ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืขืจ ืื ืคืืœืŸ, ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– (ื’ืึทื“ื’ืขืฅ) ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืจื‘ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืกืคึผืขืงื•ืœืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–. ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 100 ืขื ืœืขืš ื’ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืฅ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืึทืจืึธื•ื ื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื“ื™ืงืœื™ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ BPF ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’