ืืืฉืืืกืึทื ืกืงืึทื () ืคึฟืื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืขืจื ืขืฅ ืึทืจืืฉืืืืข ืคึผืจืืืขืงื ืืืืืื ื ืึทืคึผืืึทืงืืืฉืึทื ื ืืืคืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืคืืจืืข , ืืืืก ืืื ืขืงืืืกืืืจื ืคืื 1979 ืืื 1989 ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืคืขืฆืืืืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืคื ืืขืงืกื ืงืืืขืกืฅ. ืืื ืืึทื ืฅ, ืื ืืงืืจ ืืขืงืกืฅ ืคืื 45 ืฉืคึผืืืขืจืืึท ืืขื ืขื ืืจืืืก, ืึทืจืืึทื ืืขืจืขืื ื , , , , , , , , , ะธ .
ืืขืจ ืืจืืืก ืงืึธื ืจืืคืืขืงืก ืึท ืืึธืืขื ืืืืื ืคืื ืื ืฉืืึทื ืคืื ืื Infocom ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืกืืกืืขื ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื ืคืื ืื ืงืืึธืืืฉืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืคืืจืืข. ืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืืื ืืืขื ืฆื ืืืกืคืึธืจืฉื ืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืืขืืืึธืืก ืคืื ืึทืื ืฉืคึผืืืขืจืืึท, ืืืกืงืืกืืข ืืื ืคืึธืจืฉืื ื ืืื ืื ืคืขืื ืคืื ืงืึธืืคึผืืืืขืจ ืืขืฉืืืืข (ืื ืืขืจืืืืืขื ืืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืงืึธื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึธืคื). ืฉืคึผืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืืื ืืืจืืืขืงืึธืื ืืืืฃ ืึท ืืืื ืคืจืืื ืืื ืึทืก , ืึท ืงืึทืืคึผืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืขื ืืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืืึทืืืื ื . ืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืืื ืืขืฉืจืืื ืืื ZIL (Zork Implementation Language).
ืืงืืจ: opennet.ru