FS Oramfs ืืจื•ื™ืก, ื›ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก

Kudelski Security, ืึท ืคื™ืจืžืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื“ืึทืฅ, ืืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ Oramfs ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ORAM (Oblivious Random Access Machine) ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืึทืกืงืก ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึท FUSE ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท FS ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื™ Oramfs ืงืึธื“ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ Rust ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืœื™ื™ืกืึทื ืกื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ GPLv3.

ORAM ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜, ื“ื™ ืึธื•ื ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜. ORAM ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ FS ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ (ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ).

Oramfs ื’ื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืคึผืึธืฉืขื˜ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ. ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ChaCha8, AES-CTR ืื•ืŸ AES-GCM ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ. ืคึผืึทื˜ืขืจื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ Path ORAM ืกื›ืขืžืข. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืกืงื™ืžื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืคืึธืจืขื, ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืคึผ ื‘ื™ื ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงืฆื™ืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ.

Oramfs ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืคืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ - ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ื™ื™ื– ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธื•ื ื˜ืขื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื”ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ (SSH, FTP, Google Drive, Amazon S3) , ื“ืจืึธืคึผื‘ืึธืงืก, Google ืงืœืึธื•ื“ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ, Mail.ru ืงืœืึธื•ื“, Yandex.Disk ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจืงืœืึธืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ FUSE ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืึทื•ื ื˜ื™ื ื’). ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ืึธืš ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื™ื– ื“ืืจืฃ, ื“ื™ ORAM ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืงืึทืœืœื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ.

ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ Oramfs ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืขืจื™ื– - ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืฆื• ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึทื•ื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื•ืจืš SSHFS, FTPFS, Rclone ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข FUSE ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื–. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ Oramfs FUSE ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ORAM. ื“ื™ ORAM ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ื– ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืึทืคืขืงืฅ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื˜ืขืงืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืงื•ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืึทื‘ื–ืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฅ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ, ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืฆื™ ืึท ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜. .

Oramfs ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืคึผืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ืงืจื™ืกืึทื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจื™ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื‘ื™ืœื“. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท 10 ืžื‘ ื˜ืขืงืข ื ืขืžื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 1 ืจื’ืข, ืื•ืŸ 25 ืžื‘ ื ืขืžื˜ 3 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ 10 ืžื‘ ื ืขืžื˜ 15 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ 25 ืžื‘ ื ืขืžื˜ 50 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, Oramfs ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 9 ืžืืœ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 2 ืžืืœ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ UtahFS ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš Cloudflare ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ORAM ืžืึธื“ืข.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’