ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ื”ืขืœื

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฆืŸ Arduino. ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ื™ื’ื™ื ืขืจื– ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ "ื–ื™ืš-ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื’ืŸ." ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื’ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื–. ื ืœื™ื ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ ืงืึธื“ (ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืžืกืชึผืžื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื™ื“ืขืึทืœ) ืื™ื– ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ.

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš, ืื™ืš ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ (8 ื™ืึธืจ ืึทืœื˜) ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ - ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื“ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ.

ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš (ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง). ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืึทืœ ืขืคึผืขืก ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜, ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ - ืฉืึทืกื™, ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื–, ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ, ืฉื•ืจื” ืกืขื ืกืขืจ, ืœืขื“ืก, ื˜ื•ื•ืขืขื˜ืขืจ. ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก, ืึท ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืึทื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื "ื–ื•ืคึผ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ" ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืึทืจื“ื– ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื˜ืขืจื™ื˜ืึธืจื™ืข. ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึทืคืขื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืคืืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ืœื™ื ื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืงืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืฉื•ืจื”, ืคึผืœื•ืก ืขืงืกื˜ืจืข ืžืึทื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืจื™ื™ึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜.

ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื ืึธืš ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืขืคึผืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ" ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘, ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืึทืจื•ื ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทืงืก, ื˜ืฉื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื ื™ืจื‘ื™ื™ ืฆื™ืœ (ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ). ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ "ืจื•ื™ื‘" ืื™ื– ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ืึทื“, ื“ืขืจ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ" ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืœืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืœื™ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื‘ืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš / ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง, ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืกืึทืœืขืงืฅ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ. ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ.

ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ-ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ, ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฉื ืขืœ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืขืจืœืขืš ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ืื™ื. ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืขืก ืœื™ื‘ (ืžืืœ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆืขื˜ืจืขื˜ืŸ ืขืก, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ืึท ืงืœืึทืคึผ ...). ืื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืึทืจื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ.

ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’. ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ. ืึทืœืฅ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžื™ื“ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจื™ื ื’:

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ื“ื™ "ืกื™ื™ื›ืœ" ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืึทืจื“ื•ื™ื ืึธ ื•ื ืึธ ื‘ืจืขื˜ (1); ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืึธืจื“ืขืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ืึท. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ (ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืงื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ื ืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜). ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืงื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ืฉืึทืกื™ (2), ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื– (3) ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ืขืŸ (ืคืจื™ื™ ืจืึธื•ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’) (4) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทื˜ืฉื˜. ื“ื™ ืงื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ (5). ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ (HC-SR04) (6), ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจ ืฉืึธืคืขืจ (L298N) (7), ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืคืœืึทืฉืขืจ (8), ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ื•ื•ืขืขื˜ืขืจ (9).

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ:

- ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืึทืœืฅ ืคื™ืฅ
- ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืกื˜
- ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึทืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜

ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื›ื™ื ืขื–ื™ืฉืข ืงืึธืœืขื’ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืขืก. ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ืึธืจื“ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืจื™ืคืขืจื™ืข.

ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื–:

  1. ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทื‘ืจื™ืง ื”ืึธืœืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ื™ืง ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ื™ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืคึผืึทืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกื™ืงื™ื•ืจื“ ืึธืŸ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื“ื™ "ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ืžืึทื ื˜" ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื ื™ื™ึท ื”ืึธืœืขืก ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื– ื‘ืจืขื˜.
  2. ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉ ืจืึทืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคืึทืกืึทื ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื”ื™ืœืฃ (ืžืืœ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืก).
  3. ืื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืกื‘ืึทืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืžืคึผืก (ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ). ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื, ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจืขืก ืœื™ื’ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืกืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทื ื’ืœืข.

ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืฐืขืœ ืื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืฒืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืขืจืกื ืึทืœื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ.

ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืจื™ื™ืข ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœ

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืœืึธืจ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืžืงื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ืขืจื’ื™ืข. ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ 4 ืึทืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื–. ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 5 ื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธื•ืœื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ 5 ื•ื• ืฉื˜ื™ืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื“ื•ื™ื ืึธ ื‘ืจืขื˜ (ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ).

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ืขืจืงืึทื‘ืึทืœ.

ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืืจืฃ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืึทื ืก ืื™ืš ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜: ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ "ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ" ื“ื™ ืขืจื“ (ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜), ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข - 5 ื•ื• (ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืก).

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึธืคืขืจ

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืึทื•ื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืืจื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทื‘ืจื™ืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื˜ืึธืœืขืจืึทื ืฅ. ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืœืขื  ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืœืึทืžื™ื˜ืขืจื– ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ (ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜). ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ, ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™.

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื“ื™ L298N ืฉืึธืคืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜. ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ึท ืคึผื™ื ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจ: ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ื ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ื ื˜ ื“ืึธ. ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื•ื•ืึธื•ืœื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืื™ื– 5 ื•ื•, ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ! ืึทื– ืื™ื–, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• "ื”ืจื’ืขื ืขืŸ" ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธื•ื•ื ื˜. ืฆื•ื ืกื•ืฃ, ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก.

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื“ืืจืฃ ืึท ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืจืึธื•ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ - ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ. ืื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืื ืง ืื™ื– ื’ืืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ืขืก ื’ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ื˜ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืฉ: ื ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ - ืืคืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ - ื“ืจื™ื™ - ืืคืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื•ื›ื•' ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื–ื•ื™ ืขืœืขื’ืื ื˜, ื ืืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืกื‘ืืจ.

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืึทื– ื ืึธืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ืึธื’ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื˜ืฉื•ื–ื™ื– ืึท ื˜ืจืึทืค ืจื™ื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืงืขืจ (ืงืœืึทืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื•ื ื˜ืขืจืงืœืึธืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื–).

ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื•ื•ื• ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืึธืžื™ืก ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ืจืึทืกืึทื ื™ืง ืกืขื ืกืขืจ ื˜ืจืื’ื˜ ืึทื ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜. ื™ื“ืขืึทืœืœื™, ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ื• ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืœืึทื˜, ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืขืจืคึผืขื ื“ื™ืงื•ืœืึทืจ ืกืขืจืคืึทืกื™ื–, โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ืก ืœืขื’ืก "ื‘ืœื™ืฅ" ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื, ื ืึธืš ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื .

ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืžืขื“ื™ืึทืŸ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ึท ืงืึทื•ื ืฅ. ื‘ืึทื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ืขืกืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ (ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืกืฅ!), ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืคื™ื–ื™ืง ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืคึผืฉื•ื˜: ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทืœื– ืจืขืคืœืขืงื˜ืขื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ (ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜) ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ื’ืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึธื ืขืก, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ืขื ื˜. ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื™ืžื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื–ืฉืขืจืžืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื 45, 46, 230, ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก, ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก, ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก, ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก, 310, 46 ... ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึทืŸ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง.

ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ืจืึทืกื˜ ื›ื™ื™ืคืขืฅ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉืจืขืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ "ื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื“ืขืจ".

ืคืœืึทืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจืขื ืข

ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธื•ื˜ืึทื’ืจืึทืคืก ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื“ืึธ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึธื“.

ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื

ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืขืก - ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืง ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ, ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืœื™ื™ื ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง. ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืข ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื–ืึทืš ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืึท ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ-ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ืžืขืจ ื’ืขื ื•ื™, ืฆื• ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธื ื™ืง. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื“ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืจื•ืคืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ (), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ืœื™ื‘ืข ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืกืงืขื˜ืฉืึทื–, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ "ืคืจื™ื–ื™ื–" ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ื™ืจืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืขืจื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธืง. ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืžืขื”ืึทืœืขืš ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ - ื“ื™ ืึทืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ (ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ื ืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ).

ื˜ื™ื™ืžืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื“. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ืขืขื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืกื™ื ื˜ืฉืจืึธื ืึธื•ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืœืึทืฉืขืจ. ื“ืึธืก ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืคื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ.

ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืžื™ืจ ืฆืขื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– (ืคืœืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืœื™ื™ืฅ, ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜, ื˜ื•ืจื ื™ื ื’, ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืก ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ). ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื•.

ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืขื“ืึทื’ืึธื’ื™ืง

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึทืœืฅ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื•ื•ื ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื–ืขืจืœื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืคืืจื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜. ื“ื ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืคืืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ, ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื•ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงื™ื ื“. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืœื˜ืขืจ?

ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–

ืžื™ืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ - ืœืขื“ืก, ื˜ื•ื•ืขืขื˜ืขืจ, ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืก, ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก, ืืื–"ื• ื•. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ - ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข, ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ. ื“ืึธืก ืžืื›ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ. ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“, ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืก ืฆื• ืคึผืึทืกืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื ื“ ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”. ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜. ืื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–.

ืกื“ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ("ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื• ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ")

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ื ื˜. ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ("ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜") ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ("ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืึท ืกืขื ืกืขืจ," "ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจืก"...), ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™, ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืจ, ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ืขืœื  ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืคึผืก ("ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืกืขื ืกืขืจ" ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื," "ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจืขื˜." ", "download Firmware"...). ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืžืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ื™ืง ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืžื™ืจ "ืคืึทืจืžืึทื›ืŸ" ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืึทืœื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“. ืขืจื’ืขืฅ, ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข, ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื•ื’ื ื˜.

ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ

ื“ืจื™ืœื™ื ื’, ืคึฟืขื“ืขื, ืกืงืจื•ื–, ื ื™ืกืœืขืš, ืกืึทื“ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืขืงืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธืกื™ืŸ - ื•ื•ื• ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืขืก? ื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื ื“ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ื‘ืงื™ืขืก "ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืกืึทื“ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ" - ืขืจ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืกืึทื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– (ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคึฟืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืขืก). ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’.

ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜

ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื’ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ: ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ. ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืขืก ื ืึธืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœืข, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืจืึทื ื’ืœ ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผื™ืฉืึทืœืงืึท, ืžื™ื’ืึทืœืงืึท, ื™ืึทืจืงื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืœื™ื˜ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ. ื›ืื˜ืฉ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ืืก ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ืžื“ืจื’ื”.

ืจื’ืข: ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ืงื™ื™ ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ืคึผืขืจื™ืึธื“ื™ืฉ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื˜ืึธืŸ (ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ, ื–ื•ื›ืŸ, ืืื–"ื• ื•). ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ื–ืจืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ: "ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ-ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ", "ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื˜", "ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืงื˜ืจืœ" ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ. ื“ืขืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื ืขืœ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ืœื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทืคึผืึทื–ื™ื˜ื™ื“ "ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ื‘ืงืึธืจื˜ืขืงืก."

ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืงืœืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืจืœืขืš, ื“ืขื ื”ืึทืจื‘ืกื˜ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 9 ืงืœืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœืข. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš. ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ื–ืื›ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืงื˜ืจืœ + ื–, ืงื˜ืจืœ + C ืื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืจืœ + V, ืกืขืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ-ืงืœื™ืงื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืจืึธืฅ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ... ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืžืกืงื ื.

ื“ืจื™ื˜: ืจื™ืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผื™ื ื’. ืื™ืš ืขื ื˜ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ื“ืจื•ืงืŸ (ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ื ืคื™ืจ). ืžื™ ืจ ื”ืื‘ ืŸ ื’ืœืฒ ืš ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœ ื˜ ื“ ื™ ื”ืขื  ื˜ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง , ื ื– ื“ ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืข ืจ ื”ืื‘ ืŸ ื–ื™ ืš ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ืฐืฒ ื– ื’ืขื“ืขื ืง ื˜ ื“ืข ื ืคืœื ืฅ ืคื• ืŸ ื“ ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ .

ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ืึธืจ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื ืข ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืกืงื™ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ; ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ.

ืื’ื‘, ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืชื™ื“...

ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’

ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜, ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื–, ื‘ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืคึผืก. ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื™ืขืฆื˜? ื™ื ืกืคึผื™ื™ืขืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“, ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืจืึทืคื™ื ื™ืจืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ - ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืœื•ื ืขืจ ืจืึธื•ื•ืขืจ. ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข, ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ, ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืึธืจื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ...

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื“ื™ ื”ืขืœื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ (ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ืง):

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Arduino (ืจืึธื‘ืึธื˜ "ื™ืขื’ืขืจ")

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