ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืงืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจืžืขืŸ

ืึทืœืข ื“ื ืึท ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก ืึธื•ื ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ืึทืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ืึธื˜ืขื˜ืฉื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืœ 1, ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ื™ืก: "Caulobacter ethhensis-2.0." ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ 'ืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ-ืžืึทื“ืึทืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืกื™ื ื˜ืึทืกื™ื™ื–ื“ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื, ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ETH Zurich (ETH Zurich). ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืจืื›ืŸ ืึทื– ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹C. ethensis-2.0 ืื™ื– ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื ืึท ืžืึทืœืึทืงื™ื•ืœ, ืึท ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืงืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจืžืขืŸ

ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Beat Christen, ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืึธืœืึธื’ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ Matthias Christen, ืึท ื›ืขืžื™ืงืขืจ. ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ืข ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข, ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ Caulobacter ethensis-2.0, ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืงืึธื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ื•ื Caulobacter crescentus, ืึท ื•ืžืฉืขื“ืœืขืš ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.  

ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืงืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจืžืขืŸ

ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื™ืึธืจืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืึท ืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื’ืขื ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ืกื˜ ืงืจื™ื™ื’ ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ "ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ" ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึท. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื•ื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ืกื™ื ื˜ืึทืกื™ื™ื–ื“ ืึท ืงืึธืคึผื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ Mycoplasma mycoides ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจืขื’ืขืจ ืฆืขืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืคืืจืงืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ืš.

ื“ื™ ื ืฒึทืข ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืข ืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืงืจื™ื™ื’ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขืจืง. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึท ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื ื˜ืึทืกื™ื™ื–ื“ ืึท ืžืึทืœืึทืงื™ื•ืœ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ, ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื ืึท ืงืึธื“. ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกืฅ ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ืกื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืงื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืกื™ื ื˜ืึทืกื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™.

ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ C. crescentus ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ึผื•ืœืœ 4000 ื’ืขื ืขืก. ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื–, ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื ืขืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ "ืึธืคึผืคืึทืœ ื“ื ืึท". ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก, ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืกืงื ื ืึทื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 680 ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึท ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืึทื‘ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ืข.

ื ืึธืš ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืคืึทืœ ื“ื ืึท ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ืžืึทืœ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹C. ืงืจืขืกืกืขื ื˜ื•ืก, ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ื“ื™ ื“ื ืึท ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ืื™ื– ืงืขืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืึธื“ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื’ืขื ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 1/6 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 800 ื“ื ืึท ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื•ืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ ืงืึธื“.

"ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืจื™ืจื™ื˜ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื ืึท ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ," ื–ืื’ื˜ Beat Christen, ืงืึธ-ืคื™ืจืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ. "ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขื™ืŸ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื– ืคืืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื“."

ืฆื• ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื™ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ืฆืขืœ, ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผืึทื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืงืึทื•ืœืึธื‘ืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืื•ืŸ ืกืขื’ืžืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืš ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื“ื ืึท. ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกืฅ ืงืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ื’ืขื ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกื˜ืขื“ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืš ืงืึทื•ื ืขืจืคึผืึทืจืฅ ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื‘ื™ื™ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืจืึธืœืข. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืžืคึผืจืขืกื™ื•ื•: ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ 580 ืคื•ืŸ 680 ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืš ื’ืขื ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœ.

"ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข 3.0," ื–ืื’ื˜ ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืขืŸ. "ืžื™ืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึทืœ ืกืขืœื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึธืจ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข."

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข, ืึทื–ืึท ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ื•ื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ืกืฅ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื ืึท ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื’ืขื ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื. ื ื™ื™ึท ื’ืขื ืึธืžืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ืžืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธื•ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ื“ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก. ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืš ื•ื•ื™ืจื•ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขืžืคืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ื™ืจื™ืึท ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืึทืžื™ื ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืจืคื•ืื•ืช.

ื“ื™ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœ PNAS.




ืžืงื•ืจ: 3dnews.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’