ืคืื ืืขืจ ืืืืขืจืืขืฆืขืจ: ืืจืืืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืจ ืืืขืื ื ืืฆื SOLID ืคึผืจืื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืื ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื. ืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโืืขื ืึทืจืืืงื ืืืขื ืืืื ื ืืฆืืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืขืจื ืืื ืืงืกืคึผืืจืืึทื ืกื ืคึผืจืึธืืืจืึทืืขืจื.
ืืืื ืืืจ 'ืจืข ืืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื, ืืืจ'ืืืข ืืืกืืึธืืข ืืขืืขืจื ืคืื ืื ืกืึธืืื ืคึผืจืื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืื. ืืื ืืขืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืกื ืฆื ืฉืจืืึทืื ืจืืื, ืืขืืื ื-ืกืืจืึทืงืืฉืขืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืึทืื ืืึทืืึทื ืงืึธื. ืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืฆื ืืืืขืจืงื ืึทื ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื ืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืขืืืขืืข ืึทืคึผืจืึธืืืฉืื ืฆื ืืื ืฆื ืจืืืืืง ืืืจืืคืืจื ืึท ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืึทืจืืขื. ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืืึทืกืฅ ืืึธืื ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืืขืืื ืงืขื ืืื ืคืืจืฉืืื ื ืคืื ืื "ืจืขืื ืืืขื"; ืขืก ืึทืืข ืืขืคึผืขื ืืก ืืืืฃ ืืขืจ ืืขืจืคืึทืจืื ื ืคืื ืืขืืขืจ ืืขื ืืฉ. ืึธืืขืจ, ืื ืืืืืึทื ืคึผืจืึธืืงืืืืื ืืื SOLID ืืขื ืขื ืื ืืขื ืืืขื ืืืจื ืึผืืขื ืึทืืข ืคืืจืฉืืืืขืจืก ืคืื ืื IT ืงืื. ืืื ืืขืืืืจื ืื ืกืืึทืจืืื ื ืคืื ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ืก ืืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืคืื ืคืืืข ืืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืคืึทืจืืืึทืืืื ื ืคึผืจืึทืงืืืกืื.
ืืึธืืืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืืืื ืืืึธืก ืื ืกืึธืืื ืคึผืจืื ืกืึทืคึผืึทืื ืืขื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืคึฟื ืืื ืื.
Skillbox ืจืขืงืึทืืขื ืื: ืคึผืจืึทืงืืืฉ ืงืืจืก .
ืืืจ ืืขืจืืึธื ืขื ืืืจ: ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืืข ืืืืขื ืขืจ ืคืื "ืืืจ" - ืึท ืึทืจืึธืคึผืจืขืืขื ืขื ืคืื 10 ืจืืื ืืืขื ืืืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืจืืึทืื ืืื ืงืืื ืกืงืืืืึธืงืก ืงืืจืก ื ืืฆื ืื ืคึผืขืจืืึธืืฉืึทื ืึทื ืงืึธื "ืืืจ".
ืืืึธืก ืืื SOLID?
ืืขืจ ืืขืจืืื ืืื ืึท ืึทืืจืืืืืืืฉืึทื, ืืขืืขืจ ืืจืืื ืคืื ืืขื ืืขืจืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืึธื ืืืื ืคืื ืื ื ืึธืืขื ืคืื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ:
- Sืื ืืืข ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขืืงืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ. ื ืืึธืืืืข ืงืขื ืขื ืืึธืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืกืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืืฉื.
- (ืขืคืขื ืขื / ืคืืจืืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ). ืงืืืกื ืืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืขืืขืืขื ืื ืืึธื ืืืื ืึธืคื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจืืขื ืืขืจืื ื, ืึธืืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืืึทืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืึทืืึทืคืึทืงืืืฉืึทื.
- (ืืืกืงืึธืื ืกืึทืืกืืืืืฉืึทื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ). ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื ืืืึธืก ื ืืฆื ืึท ืืึทืืข ืืืคึผ ืืึธื ืงืขื ืขื ืฆื ื ืืฆื ืกืืืืืคึผืขืก ืคืื ืื ืืึทืืข ืืืคึผ ืึธื ืืืืกื ืขืก.
- โ (Interface ืฆืขืฉืืืืื ื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ). ืืืืืืืืืจื ืขื ืืืืื ืืึธื ื ืืฉื ืึธืคืขื ืืขื ืืืืฃ ืืขืืืึธืืก ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืึธื ื ืื ื ืืฆื.
- (ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืืขืคึผืขื ืืขื ืกื ืื ืืืขืจืืฉืึทื). ืืึธืืืืขืก ืืื ืืขืืขืจ ืืขืืืขืืก ืืึธื ื ืืฉื ืึธืคืขื ืืขื ืืืืฃ ืืึทืืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืขืจืืงืขืจ ืืขืืืขืืก.
ืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขืืงืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ
โ
ืื ืืืื ืจืขืกืคึผืึธื ืกืืืืืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ (SRP) ืืืื ืึทื ืืขืืขืจ ืงืืึทืก ืึธืืขืจ ืืึธืืืืข ืืื ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืึธื ืืืื ืคืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืื ืื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ืึทืืืื ืคืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื. ืึทืืืืืืึธื ืึทืืื, ืขืืขืืขื ืื ืคืื ืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขืืงืืื ืืึธื ืืืื ืึทืกืืื ื ืฆื ืืืืขืจ ืืืืื ืงืืึทืก, ืืื ืืื ืฆืขืืืึธืจืคื ืืืืขืจ ืึทื ืจืืืืืืื ืงืืืกื. SRP ืก ืืขืืืขืืึธืคึผืขืจ ืืื ืืืืคึผื ืขืืืึทื ืืขืืืกื, Robert S. Martin, ืืืฉืจืืืื ืึทืงืึทืื ืืึทืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืกืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื ืืขืจืื ื. ืขืจ ืขืจืืืืฉื ืึทืื ืคืืจืืขืืืืื ืืขื ืืขืจืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืืกืืืืช ืคืื ืืืื ืืืขืจืง "ืคึผืจืื ืกืืคึผืืขืก ืคืื ืึธืืืืฉืขืงื-ืึธืจืืขื ืืื ืคึผืืึทื". ืืขืจ ืืึทืืจืืฃ ืื ืงืึธืจืคึผืขืจืืืฅ ืคืื ืคืื ืื ืงืึทื ืขืงืืืืืืื ืืืกืืขืจ ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืขืืืขื ืคืจืืขืจ ืืืคืืื ื ืืืจื Tom DeMarco.
ืืขืจ ืืึทืืจืืฃ ืืืื ืึทืจืืึทื ืืขืจืขืื ื ืขืืืขืืข ืงืึทื ืกืขืคึผืก ืคืึธืจืืืึทืืืืืึทื ืืืจื David Parnas. ืื ืฆืืืื ืืืืคึผื ืึธื ืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืขื ืงืึทืคึผืกืืืึทืืืึธื ืืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืืืืื ื. Parnas ืึทืจืืืื ืึทื ืืืืืืื ืึท ืกืืกืืขื ืืื ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืืึทืืืฉืืื ืืึธื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืึทื ืึทืืืกืืก ืคืื ืืืึธืง ืืืืึทืืจืึทืื ืึธืืขืจ ืืืจืืคืืจืื ื ืคืืึธืื. ืงืืื ืคืื ืื ืืึทืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืึทื ืืืึทืืื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืืืืืื ื ืืืึธืก ืืื ืึท ืืื ืืืื ืคืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืฆื ืงืืืืึทื ืฅ.
ืืืจื ืืขื ืืืขื, ืืืจืืื ืืื ืึท ืืฉืืงืึทืืืข ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืืื ืขืืืขืจ ืืึทื ืึทืืืฉืขืจื ืคืื ืึท ืคืืจืืข (COO, CTO, CFO), ืืขืืขืจ ืคืื ืืืึธืก ื ืืฆื ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืืขืฉืขืคื ืืืืืืืืืจื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืฆืืืขืงื. ืืื ืึท ืจืขืืืืืึทื, ืงืืื ืคืื ืืื ืงืขื ืขื ืื ืกืืจืืืขื ื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืืืืจื ืึธื ืึทืคืขืงืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืขืจืขืกื ืคืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืืึทื ืึทืืืฉืขืจื.
ืืขืืืขื ืืืืคืขืฅ
ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืง, ืืขืจ ืืขืกืืขืจ ืืืขื ืฆื ืืขืจื ืขื SRP ืืื ืฆื ืืขื ืขืก ืืื ืงืึทืืฃ. ืืึธืืืจ ืงืืงื ืืื ืึท ืึธืคึผืืืืืื ื ืคืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ื ืึธืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขืืงืืื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ. ืืึธืก ืืื ืจืืื ืงืึธื ืืืึธืก ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ื ืึทืืืจ ืืื ืึทืืจืืืืืฅ ืคืื ืื ืคึผืืึทืฅ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข.
ืืืืขืจืืืืง ืืขื ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืืื ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืฆื ืืึทืฉืืืกื ืื ืคืืืืขื ืืข:
ืจืืกืคึผืึทื ืกืึทืืืืึทืืื ืคืื ืื ืึทืืืืฉืขืงืฅ ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืืขืจืงืืขืจื ืืื ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก.
ืื ืืืืก ืงืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืจืขืกืืจื ืืื ืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื โโืื ืคึผืืึทืฅ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข.
class SpaceStation
def initialize
@supplies = {}
@fuel = 0
end
def run_sensors
puts "----- Sensor Action -----"
puts "Running sensors!"
end
def load_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of #{type} in the supply hold."
if @supplies[type]
@supplies[type] += quantity
else
@supplies[type] = quantity
end
end
def use_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
if @supplies[type] != nil && @supplies[type] > quantity
puts "Using #{quantity} of #{type} from the supply hold."
@supplies[type] -= quantity
else
puts "Supply Error: Insufficient #{type} in the supply hold."
end
end
def report_supplies
puts "----- Supply Report -----"
if @supplies.keys.length > 0
@supplies.each do |type, quantity|
puts "#{type} avalilable: #{quantity} units"
end
else
puts "Supply hold is empty."
end
end
def load_fuel(quantity)
puts "----- Fuel Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of fuel in the tank."
@fuel += quantity
end
def report_fuel
puts "----- Fuel Report -----"
puts "#{@fuel} units of fuel available."
end
def activate_thrusters
puts "----- Thruster Action -----"
if @fuel >= 10
puts "Thrusting action successful."
@fuel -= 10
else
puts "Thruster Error: Insufficient fuel available."
end
end
endืึทืงืืืึทืืื, ืืื ืืืขืจ ืคึผืืึทืฅ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืืื ืืืกืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ืึทื (ืืื ืืึธื ื ืื ืืจืึทืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืึทืงืืืขื ืึท ืจืืฃ ืคืื ื ืึทืกืึท ืืึทืื), ืึธืืขืจ ืขืก ืืื ืขืคึผืขืก ืฆื ืึทื ืึทืืืื ืืึธ.
ืืืื, ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก ืืื ืขืืืขืืข ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืจืืกืคึผืึทื ืกืึทืืืืึทืืื (ืึธืืขืจ ืืึทืกืงืก). ืึทืืข ืคืื โโืืื ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืฆืขืืืืื ืืื ืืืืคึผืก:
- ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก;
- ืกืึทืคึผืืืื (ืงืึธื ืกืืืึทืืืขืก);
- ืืจืขื ืืืึทืจื;
- ืึทืงืกืขืืขืจืืืืขืจื.
ืืึธืืฉ ืงืืื ืขืจ ืคึฟืื ืื ืึธื ืืขืฉืืขืืืข ืคึฟืื ืืขืจ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืืืขืจื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืฉืืืื ืงืืื ืงืืึทืก, ืงืขื ืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืจืื ื ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืืขืื, ืืืขืจ ืืื ืคืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึธืก. ืจืืึฟ ืืกืชึผืื, ืืขืจ ืืขืืขืจื ืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืืจืึธืืก ืื ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก, ืืขืจ ืืึธืืืกืืืงืืึทื ืืื ืคืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆืืฉืืขืื ืจืขืกืืจืกื, ืืขืจ ืื ืืฉืขื ืืจ ืืื ืคืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืขื ืืืึทืจื ืกืึทืคึผืืืื, ืืื ืืขืจ ืคึผืืืึธื ืงืึธื ืืจืึธื ืื ืืืกืืขืจื.
ืงืขื ืขื ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืึทื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืื ื ืืฉื SRP ืืขืืึธืจืืืง? ืื ืืืืขืจ. ืืืขืจ ืื ืกืคึผืึทืกืขืกืืึทืืืึธื ืงืืึทืก ืืื ืึท ืืืคึผืืฉ "ืืึธื ืืืืคืขืฅ" ืืืึธืก ืืืืืกื ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืืื ืึทืืฅ. ืืึธืก ืืื ืึท ืืืืคึผื ืึทื ืื-ืืืกืืขืจ ืืื ืืืืคืขืฅ-ืึธืจืืขื ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืึธื ืืืืืขืจ, ืึทืืึท ืึทืืืืฉืขืงืฅ ืืขื ืขื ืืึธืจ ืฉืืืขืจ ืฆื ืืืึทื ืขื. ืืื ืืืฆื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืื ืืืืขืจ ืคึผืฉืื, ืืึธ, ืึธืืขืจ ืืืึทืืืฉืึทื ืืืึธืก ืืืขื ืคึผืึทืกืืจื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืึทืข ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื. ืืึธืืขืจ ืืื ืืืขืจ ืคึผืืึทืฅ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืืืขื ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืึท ืืขืืืฆืื ืืฉ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืึธืืขืจ ืึท ืืึทืืขืืขื ืืฉ ืฆืืืขืจ. ืืื ืื ืืขืจ ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื ืขืก ืืขื ืขื, ืื ืืขืจ SpaceStation ืืืขื ืืืึทืงืกื. ื ื, ืืื ื ืื ืืขืืืจืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืงืึธื ื ืขืงืืขื ืฆื ืื ืืขืจืข, ืื ืกืขืจืืืืกืื ื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืฆืข ืงืึธืืคึผืืขืงืก ืืืขื ืืืขืจื ืืคืืื ืืขืจ ืงืึธืืคึผืืืฆืืจื. ืืื ืึท ืจืขืืืืืึทื, ืืืจ ืงืขื ืขื ืฆืขืฉืืขืจื ืื ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข ืคืื, ืืืฉื, ืึทืงืกืขืืขืจืืืืขืจื. ืืืื ื ืคืืจืฉืขืจ ืคืืจืืื ืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืฆื ืื ืกืขื ืกืืจืก, ืงืขื ืืืก ืืืืขืจ ืืื ืืคืขืงืืืจื ืื ืงืืืืื ืืงืืฆืืข ืกืืกืืขืืขื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืกืืื ืฆืืข.
ืืืืืึทืืืืืื ื ืื SRP ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืงืขื ืืขืื ืึท ืงืืจืฅ-ืืขืจืืื ืืึทืงืืืฉ ื ืฆืืื, ืึธืืขืจ ืืื ืื ืกืืฃ ืืืจ ืืืขืื "ืคืึทืจืืืจื ืื ืืืืื", ืืื ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืขืจื ืืืืขืจ ืฉืืืขืจ ืฆื ืืึทืืื ืึทืืึท ืึท ืคืึทืจืืขืขื ืืฉ ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืงืื ืคึฟื. ืขืก ืืื ืืขืกืืขืจ ืฆื ืืืืื ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืื ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืกืขืงืฉืึทื ื ืคืื ืงืึธื, ืืขืืขืจ ืคืื ืืืึธืก ืืื ืคืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืืื ื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆืืข. ืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืืืื ืืขื, ืืึธืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฉื ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก.
ืืึธืืืจ ืฆืขืืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื ืืืืึธืจืืืขืืงืืื
ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืคืืื ื ืคืืจ ืืืืคึผืก ืคืื ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืงืึทื ืืจืึธืืื ืืืจื ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก. ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืึทืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขื ืจืืคืึทืงืืขืจืื ื. ืืขืจ ืืขืจืืืึทื ืืืงื ืงืึธื ืืขืกืขืจ ืืืืึทืื ืื SRP.
class SpaceStation
attr_reader :sensors, :supply_hold, :fuel_tank, :thrusters
def initialize
@supply_hold = SupplyHold.new
@sensors = Sensors.new
@fuel_tank = FuelTank.new
@thrusters = Thrusters.new(@fuel_tank)
end
end
class Sensors
def run_sensors
puts "----- Sensor Action -----"
puts "Running sensors!"
end
end
class SupplyHold
attr_accessor :supplies
def initialize
@supplies = {}
end
def load_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of #{type} in the supply hold."
if @supplies[type]
@supplies[type] += quantity
else
@supplies[type] = quantity
end
end
def use_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
if @supplies[type] != nil && @supplies[type] > quantity
puts "Using #{quantity} of #{type} from the supply hold."
@supplies[type] -= quantity
else
puts "Supply Error: Insufficient #{type} in the supply hold."
end
end
def report_supplies
puts "----- Supply Report -----"
if @supplies.keys.length > 0
@supplies.each do |type, quantity|
puts "#{type} avalilable: #{quantity} units"
end
else
puts "Supply hold is empty."
end
end
end
class FuelTank
attr_accessor :fuel
def initialize
@fuel = 0
end
def get_fuel_levels
@fuel
end
def load_fuel(quantity)
puts "----- Fuel Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of fuel in the tank."
@fuel += quantity
end
def use_fuel(quantity)
puts "----- Fuel Action -----"
puts "Using #{quantity} units of fuel from the tank."
@fuel -= quantity
end
def report_fuel
puts "----- Fuel Report -----"
puts "#{@fuel} units of fuel available."
end
end
class Thrusters
def initialize(fuel_tank)
@linked_fuel_tank = fuel_tank
end
def activate_thrusters
puts "----- Thruster Action -----"
if @linked_fuel_tank.get_fuel_levels >= 10
puts "Thrusting action successful."
@linked_fuel_tank.use_fuel(10)
else
puts "Thruster Error: Insufficient fuel available."
end
end
endืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืคืืืข ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื, ืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืขืกืขืจ ืืืฆื. ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืขืจ ืกืคึผืึทืกืขืกืืึทืืืึธื ืงืืึทืก ืืื ืืขืืืืจื ืืขืจ ืคืื ืึท ืงืึทื ืืืื ืขืจ ืืื ืืืึธืก ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื ืืขื ืขื ืื ืืฉืืืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืคืขื ืืืง ืคึผืึทืจืฅ, ืึทืจืืึทื ืืขืจืขืื ื ืึท ืืึทื ื ืคืื ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก, ืึท ืงืึทื ืกืืืึทืืึทื ืฆืืฉืืขืื ืกืืกืืขื, ืึท ืืจืขื ืืืึทืจื ืืึทื ืง ืืื ืืืกืืขืจื.
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืืื ืืืขืจืืึทืืึทืื ืขืก ืืื ืืืฆื ืึท ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ืืื ื ืงืืึทืก: ืกืขื ืกืึธืจืก; SupplyHold; FuelTank; ืืจืืกืืขืจื.
ืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืขืืืขืืข ืืืืืืืง ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืืื ืืขื ืืืขืจืกืืข ืคืื โโืื ืงืึธื. ืื ืคืื ื ืืื ืึทื ืืืื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื ืืขื ืขื ื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืขื ืงืึทืคึผืกืึทืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืจ ืืืืื ืงืืืกื, ืืื ืืขื ืขื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืจื ืืื ืึทืืึท ืึท ืืืขื ืฆื ืืืขืจื ืคึผืจืืืืงืืึทืืึทื ืืื ืงืึธื ืกืืกืืขื ื. ืืืจ ืืจืืคึผืข ืขืืขืืขื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืขื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ืึทืืืื ืฆื ื ืึธืืคืึธืืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ ืคืื ืงืึธืืืืจืึทื ืก. ืืืฆื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืขื ืื ืกืืกืืขื ืึทืจืืขื, ืืึทื ืคืื ืึท ืืึทืฉ ืกืืจืืงืืืจ ืฆื ืึท ืืขื ืืข, ื ืึธืจ ื ืืฆื ืื SupplyHold ืงืืึทืก; ืืืจ ืืึธื ื ืื ืืึธืื ืฆื ืคืึทืจืืื ืื ืื ืืขืจืข ืืึทืืืฉืืื. ืึทืืื, ืืืื ืืขืจ ืืึธืืืกืืืง ืึธืคืืฆืืจ ืขื ืืขืจื ืขืคึผืขืก ืืื ืืืื ืึธืคึผืืืืืื ื, ืื ืจืขืฉื ืคืื ืื ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืืืขื ืืืืึทืื ืืขืฉืึธืืขื. ืืื ืืขื ืคืึทื, ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืึทืืืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื.
ืืื ืืืขืจ ืึธืคืืฆืืจื ืืจืืขืื ืืืืฃ ืื ืคึผืืึทืฅ ืกืืึทื ืฆืืข ืืขื ืขื ืืืกืืึธืืข ืฆืืคืจืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืืืืึทื ืืื ืงืขื ืขื ืืขืื ืื ืืืึธืก ืืื ืืึทืจืคึฟื. ืืึทืืขืจืงืื ื ืึทื ืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืืื ืืขืืืึธืืก ืึทืืึท ืืื ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื_ืกืึทืคึผืืืื ืืื ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื_ืคืืขื ืงืึทื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื SupplyHold ืืื FuelTank ืงืืืกื. ืืืึธืก ืืืึธืื ืคึผืึทืกืืจื ืืืื ืขืจื ืืขืืขืื ืฆื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืขื ืขืก ืจืืคึผืึธืจืฅ? ืืืืืข ืงืืืกื, SupplyHold ืืื FuelTank, ืืืขื ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื. ืืืึธืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืึทืจืคึฟื ืฆื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืขื ืคืื ืืจืขื ืืืึทืจื ืืื ืงืึธื ืกืืืึทืืืขืก ืืขื ืขื ืืืืขืจืืขืืขืื? ืืืจ ืืืขื ืืืกืืึธืืข ืืึธืื ืฆื ืืืืฉื ืึทืืข ืื ืืขืืืข ืงืืืกื ืืืืืขืจ. ืืื ืืึธืก ืืื ืฉืืื ืึท ืืืืขื ืคืื ืื SRP ืคึผืจืื ืฆืืคึผ. ืืื ืก ืคืึทืจืจืืืื ืืขื.
class SpaceStation
attr_reader :sensors, :supply_hold, :supply_reporter,
:fuel_tank, :fuel_reporter, :thrusters
def initialize
@sensors = Sensors.new
@supply_hold = SupplyHold.new
@supply_reporter = SupplyReporter.new(@supply_hold)
@fuel_tank = FuelTank.new
@fuel_reporter = FuelReporter.new(@fuel_tank)
@thrusters = Thrusters.new(@fuel_tank)
end
end
class Sensors
def run_sensors
puts "----- Sensor Action -----"
puts "Running sensors!"
end
end
class SupplyHold
attr_accessor :supplies
attr_reader :reporter
def initialize
@supplies = {}
end
def get_supplies
@supplies
end
def load_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of #{type} in the supply hold."
if @supplies[type]
@supplies[type] += quantity
else
@supplies[type] = quantity
end
end
def use_supplies(type, quantity)
puts "----- Supply Action -----"
if @supplies[type] != nil && @supplies[type] > quantity
puts "Using #{quantity} of #{type} from the supply hold."
@supplies[type] -= quantity
else
puts "Supply Error: Insufficient #{type} in the supply hold."
end
end
end
class FuelTank
attr_accessor :fuel
attr_reader :reporter
def initialize
@fuel = 0
end
def get_fuel_levels
@fuel
end
def load_fuel(quantity)
puts "----- Fuel Action -----"
puts "Loading #{quantity} units of fuel in the tank."
@fuel += quantity
end
def use_fuel(quantity)
puts "----- Fuel Action -----"
puts "Using #{quantity} units of fuel from the tank."
@fuel -= quantity
end
end
class Thrusters
FUEL_PER_THRUST = 10
def initialize(fuel_tank)
@linked_fuel_tank = fuel_tank
end
def activate_thrusters
puts "----- Thruster Action -----"
if @linked_fuel_tank.get_fuel_levels >= FUEL_PER_THRUST
puts "Thrusting action successful."
@linked_fuel_tank.use_fuel(FUEL_PER_THRUST)
else
puts "Thruster Error: Insufficient fuel available."
end
end
end
class Reporter
def initialize(item, type)
@linked_item = item
@type = type
end
def report
puts "----- #{@type.capitalize} Report -----"
end
end
class FuelReporter < Reporter
def initialize(item)
super(item, "fuel")
end
def report
super
puts "#{@linked_item.get_fuel_levels} units of fuel available."
end
end
class SupplyReporter < Reporter
def initialize(item)
super(item, "supply")
end
def report
super
if @linked_item.get_supplies.keys.length > 0
@linked_item.get_supplies.each do |type, quantity|
puts "#{type} avalilable: #{quantity} units"
end
else
puts "Supply hold is empty."
end
end
end
iss = SpaceStation.new
iss.sensors.run_sensors
# ----- Sensor Action -----
# Running sensors!
iss.supply_hold.use_supplies("parts", 2)
# ----- Supply Action -----
# Supply Error: Insufficient parts in the supply hold.
iss.supply_hold.load_supplies("parts", 10)
# ----- Supply Action -----
# Loading 10 units of parts in the supply hold.
iss.supply_hold.use_supplies("parts", 2)
# ----- Supply Action -----
# Using 2 of parts from the supply hold.
iss.supply_reporter.report
# ----- Supply Report -----
# parts avalilable: 8 units
iss.thrusters.activate_thrusters
# ----- Thruster Action -----
# Thruster Error: Insufficient fuel available.
iss.fuel_tank.load_fuel(100)
# ----- Fuel Action -----
# Loading 100 units of fuel in the tank.
iss.thrusters.activate_thrusters
# ----- Thruster Action -----
# Thrusting action successful.
# ----- Fuel Action -----
# Using 10 units of fuel from the tank.
iss.fuel_reporter.report
# ----- Fuel Report -----
# 90 units of fuel available.ืืื ืื ืืขืฆืืข ืืืขืจืกืืข ืคืื โโโโืื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื, ืื ืจืืกืคึผืึทื ืกืึทืืืืึทืืื ืืขื ืขื ืฆืขืืืืื ืืื ืฆืืืื ื ืืึทืข ืงืืืกื, FuelReporter ืืื SupplyReporter. ืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืืืืข ืงืื ืืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืจืขืคึผืึธืจืืขืจ ืงืืึทืก. ืืื ืึทืืืฉืึทื, ืืืจ ืฆืืืขืืขืื ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืืืขืจืืึทืืึทืื ืฆื ืื SpaceStation ืงืืึทืก ืึทืืื ืึทื ืื ืืขืืขืื ืกืืืงืืึทืกืก ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืืึทืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืง. ืืืฆื, ืืืื ืื ืขืจื ืืึทืฉืืึธืกื ืฆื ืืืืฉื ืขืคึผืขืก ืึทื ืืขืจืฉ, ืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืึทืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืฆื ืื ืกืืืงืืึทืกืก, ืืื ื ืืฉื ืฆื ืื ืืืืคึผื ืงืืึทืก.
ืคืื ืงืืจืก, ืขืืืขืืข ืคืื โโืืื ืืืขืจ ืงืืืกื ืึธืคืขื ืืขื ื ืึธื ืืืืฃ ืืขืืขืจ ืื ืืขืจืขืจ. ืืืื, ืื SupplyReporter ืืืืคืขืฅ ืืขืคึผืขื ืืก ืืืืฃ SupplyHold, ืืื FuelReporter ืืขืคึผืขื ืืก ืืืืฃ FuelTank. ืคืื ืงืืจืก, ืื ืืืกืืขืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืืจืืื ืื ืฆื ืื ืืจืขื ืืืึทืจื ืืึทื ืง. ืืืขืจ ืืึธ ืึทืืฅ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืึทืืืฉืืงืึทื, ืืื ืฆื ืืึทืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืขืจ ืืืืคึผื ืฉืืืขืจ - ืขืืืืื ื ืื ืงืึธื ืคืื ืืืื ืืืืคืขืฅ ืืืขื ื ืืฉื ืืืืจืงื ืื ืื ืืขืจืข.
ืืืื, ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืืืฉืืคื ืึท ืืึทืืืฉืึทืืขืจ ืงืึธื ืืื ืื ืจืืกืคึผืึทื ืกืึทืืืืึทืืื ืคืื ืืขืืขืจ ืคืื ืื ืึทืืืืฉืขืงืฅ / ืงืืืกื ืืขื ืขื ืืขื ืื ืืืคืืื ื. ืืจืืขืื ืืื ืึทืืึท ืงืึธื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืืืขื, ืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืึท ืคึผืฉืื ืึทืจืืขื. ืืืจ ืืึธืื ืงืึธื ืืืขืจืืขื ืื ืืื ืฆืข "ืืขืืืขื ืืืืคืขืฅ" ืืื SRP.
Skillbox ืจืขืงืึทืืขื ืื:
- ืฆืืืื-ืืึธืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงืืืฉ ืงืืจืก .
- ืึธื ืืืื ืงืืจืก .
- ืคึผืจืึทืงืืืฉ ืืึธืจ ืงืืจืก .
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com