ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข: 9 ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ "ืคืึทื›ืžืึทืŸ" ืขืžื™ื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA

ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข: 9 ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ "ืคืึทื›ืžืึทืŸ" ืขืžื™ื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA

ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืจื™ืฉ ื’ืึทืœืึทืคึผ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทืš ืฆื• ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื“ ืื™ื– ื˜ืจื™ืคึผืึทืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข 11 ื™ืึธืจ. ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ (44%) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹29 ื™ืืจ. ืื•ื™ืš, ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืคืึทื“ืึทื ื˜ืœื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ืจืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืžืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข.

ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืึทืžืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืžืข ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืœื™ื ืงืก ืฆื• ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื– ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืื™ืžื™ื’ืจืึทื ืฅ.

ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื–

ืคึฟืึทืจ IT ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกืกื™ืึธื ืึทืœืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืคึผืจืึทื ืขืจื–, ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ:

  • ื”ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืกื‘ โ€“ ืึท ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ื•ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืžืข.
  • L1 - ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ-ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ืขืžืคึผืœื•ื™ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืึทืฆื™ืึธื ืึทืœืข ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก. ืื–ื•ื™ ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืคืืจืŸ ืื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืข ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ.
  • O1 - ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื•ื™ืœืขื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืขืœื“.

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืก.

H1B ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข

ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื™ื•. ืขืก. ื‘ื™ืจื’ืขืจืฉืึทืคื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ื•ื™ื ืึธืจื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข - H1B - ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืึทื ื“. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทื‘ืึธืœืข ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฆืืœื˜ืข ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก - ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืคื™ื–.

ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืขืจ - ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืคึผื™ื™ึทืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืฅ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ื•ืขื. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ MyVisaJobs, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื•ืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท H1B ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข.

ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข: 9 ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ "ืคืึทื›ืžืึทืŸ" ืขืžื™ื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA

Top 20 ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืกืคึผืึธื ืกืึธืจืก ืœื•ื™ื˜ 2019 ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ

ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจื•ื ื’ - ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคื™ืจืžืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ.

H1B ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื˜ืขื ื™ืง ืฆื• ืงื•ื•ืึธื˜ืึทืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื“ื™ ืงื•ื•ืึธื˜ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืคื™ื ืึทื ืฆื™ืขืœ ื™ืึธืจ 2019 ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 65 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื–. ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจ 199 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื‘ืึธืœืข. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื– ืืจื•ื™ืก, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึท ืœืึธื˜ืขืจื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ. ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– 1 ืื™ืŸ XNUMX.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฆืึธืœืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคื™ื– ืงืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ึท ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืจ $ 10, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืฆืึธืœืŸ ืกืึทืœืขืจื™ื–. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืคื•ืœ ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืข ืฆื• ื“ืจื•ืง ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ H000B ืœืึธื˜ืขืจื™ืข.

ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ H1B ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ:

L1 ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข

ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึธืคืึทืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก H1B ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ื“ื•ืจืš ื ื™ืฆืŸ L ื•ื•ื™ื–ืึทื–. ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื˜ื•ืขืจืก) ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ.

ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ืœื™ืš, ื›ื“ื™ ืฆื• ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืื˜ื ืื“ืขืจ ืœืื˜ืขืจื™ืขืก, ืžื•ื– ืืŸ ืื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืขื ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืืคื™ืก ื›ืื˜ืฉ ื ื™ืืจ.

ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ Google, ืคืึทืกืขื‘ืึธืึธืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจืึธืคึผื‘ืึธืงืก ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื›ืขืžืข ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืกื›ืขืžืข ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื• ืึทืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื‘ืœื™ืŸ, ื™ืจืขืœืึทื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืกืึทืŸ ืคึฟืจืึทื ืกื™ืกืงืึธ.

ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึธืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืจืขืžื“ ืึทืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคื™ืจืžืข:

5 ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึทื›ืžืึทืŸ ื™ืžืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA
ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ Google: ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืืœื‘ืืœืœ
4 ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ื™ืžืึทื’ืจืึทื ืฅ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA, ืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืข ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ

ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืึธ1

ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืŸ O1 ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข, ื“ื™ ื™ื•. ืื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืœืึธืจ ืฆื™ืœ ืฆื• ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ USA ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืœื“. ื“ื™ O1 ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืึทืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืจืžืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ.

ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื™ึทืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ 3 ื™ืึธืจ; ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึธื˜ืึทืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื”ืึธืœื“ืขืจืก.

ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธ-1 ื•ื•ื™ื–ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ:

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’