ื“ื™ QUIC ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ.

ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ ืื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืจื™ืข ื˜ืึทืกืง ืคืึธืจืก (IETF), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ื”ืื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื™ RFC ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ QUIC ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืขืจืก RFC 8999 (ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข-ืคืจื™ื™ึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก), RFC 9000 (ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜). ืื™ื‘ืขืจ UDP), RFC 9001 (TLS ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ QUIC ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื ืึทืœ) ืื•ืŸ RFC 9002 (ืงืึทื ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข).

ื“ื™ RFC'ืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท "ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืึธืกืขื“ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืจื“", ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ RFC ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ (Draft Standard), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ / 3 ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ QUIC ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ / 2, ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืขืจื“ื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ IETF.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืขืจื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ QUIC ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทืก ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ (ืึท ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ) ืื•ืŸ MASQUE (ืึท ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ื– ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ SOCKS ืื•ืŸ HTTP CONNECT, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ HTTPS ืื™ื‘ืขืจ QUIC ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ).

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืจื•ืคืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections) ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš Google ื–ื™ื ื˜ 2013 ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ืึธืœื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืฆื• ื“ื™ TCP + TLS ืงืึธืžื‘ื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘, ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœื•ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ TCP ืื•ืŸ ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ. QUIC ืื™ื– ืึท ืคืึทืจืœืขื ื’ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ UDP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืขืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœืขื ื˜ ืฆื• TLS / SSL. ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IETF ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ, ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ืžืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ / 3, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืข ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Google (ืงืจืึธื•ื ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ Firefox ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ IETF ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข) .

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ QUIC:

  • ื”ื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• TLS (ื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ืงืœื™ QUIC ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ TLS ืื™ื‘ืขืจ UDP);
  • ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ, ืคึผืจืขื•ื•ืขื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ;
  • ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืงืขืฃ ืคืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ (0-RTT, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 75% ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืกืขืก ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉืจ ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜) ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืึทืœ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ื‘ืงืฉื” ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ (ืจื˜ื˜, ืจืึธื•ื ื“ ื˜ืจื™ืคึผ ืฆื™ื™ื˜);
  • ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืกื™ืงื•ื•ืึทื ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื•ื•ื•ื™ื“ื– ืึทืžื‘ื™ื’ื™ื•ืึทื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ึทืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืึทื•ืฅ;
  • ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืึทืคืขืงืฅ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื– ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืงืฉืจ;
  • ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกืกื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ. ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกืกื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ.
  • ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ื‘ืœืึธืง ื‘ืึทื•ื ื“ืจื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ QUIC ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ื‘ืึทื•ื ื“ืจื™ื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืึทื“ื•ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืœืึธืกืกืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทื‘ืกืึทืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ;
  • ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจืื‘ืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืงืคึผ ืจื™ื™;
  • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืฉืจ ืื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืึทื“ื•ืกืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืขืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ;
  • ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืงืึทื ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืžื–;
  • ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึผืขืจ-ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ ื˜ืจื•ืคึผื•ื˜ ืคืึธืจืงืึทืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืก ืฆื• ืขื ืฉื•ืจ ืึทื– ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžืึทืœ ืจื™ื™ืฅ, ืคึผืจืขื•ื•ืขื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ื“ื–ืฉืขืกื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ;
  • ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืคึผื•ื˜ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ TCP. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืึธื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืข, QUIC ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืจื™ื‘ื•ืคืขืจื™ื ื’ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื“ื™ืืก ืžื™ื˜ 30%.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’