Pwnie ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก 2019: ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืขืจื–

ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Black Hat USA ื–ื™ืฆื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืœืึทืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืึทืก ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ ืฆืขืจืขืžืึธื ื™ืข Pwnie ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก 2019, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื™ื™ืœื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ Pwnie ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืกืงืึทืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืœื“ืขืŸ ืจืึทื–ื‘ืขืจื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืึทื ื™ื•ืึทืœื™ ื–ื™ื ื˜ 2007.

ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจื– ะธ ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–:

  • ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ื–ืฉื•ืง. ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืœื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ื–ืฉื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืขืฅ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜. ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื– Pulse Secure, ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Twitter, Uber, Microsoft, sla, SpaceX, Akamai, Intel, IBM, VMware, ื“ื™ ื™ื•. ืขืก. ื ืึทื•ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ื™ื•. ืขืก. ื“ืขืคึผืึทืจื˜ืžืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืžืขืœืึทื ื“ ืกืขืงื•ืจื™ื˜ื™ (ื“ื”ืก) ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจื˜ืฉื•ืŸ 500 ืจืฉื™ืžื”. ืจืขืกืขืึทืจื˜ืฉืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืงื“ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืึท ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ HTTPS ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื– ืึธืคืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“;

    ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ื“ื™ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืจื™ื™ื–, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ:

    • ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจ-ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Jenkins ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจื“ื™ืง ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœื™ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืึธืฅ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธืงื•ืจืจืขื ืกื™ ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก;
    • ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกื™ื ืคึผืึธืกื˜ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืจืขื›ื˜;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ Xiongmai XMeye P2P IP ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข;
    • ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RDP ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ Windows, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจื™ืžืึธื•ื˜ืœื™ ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจื“ืคึผืจืขืกืก, ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ PHP ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืœื“. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื˜ืจืึทืจื™ืฉ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืขืก (ืžื—ื‘ืจ) ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ;
  • ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ ื–ืฉื•ืง. ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Apple FaceTime ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืจื•ืคืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืจื•ืคืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ (ืœืžืฉืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืกื ืึธืึธืคึผื™ื ื’).

    ืื•ื™ืš ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ:

    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฆืึทืคึผืคึผ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฉืœื™ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืงื•ืœ ืจื•ืคืŸ;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงื™ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึธื•ื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ, โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืœืึธื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื“ื–ืฉื™ืึทืžืขื˜ืจื™ืง ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข;
  • ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–. ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืก ืงืขืจืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ipc_voucher, ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ Safari ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ.

    ืื•ื™ืš ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ:

    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ Windows, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ CreateWindowEx (win32k.sys) ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืœื•ื•ืึทืจืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ runc ืื•ืŸ LXC, ืึทืคืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึธืงืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืึทืŸ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึธื•ืœื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ื ืง ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืก ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธืก (CFPrefsDaemon), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžืึธื“ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืจืขื›ื˜;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Linux TCP ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืจื•ื™ื“, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื”ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืฆื• ื•ืคื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืœ;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ systemd-journald, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืจืขื›ื˜;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ tmpreaper ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื•ื ื’ / tmp, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื;
  • ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืึทื˜ืึทืง. ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ื’ืึทืคึผืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ, ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืื•ืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื–. ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ WPA3 ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืœื™ืก ื ืขืฅ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ EAP-pwd, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจื™ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืฉืจ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืœื™ืก ื ืขืฅ ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ.

    ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืึทื ื“ืึทื“ื™ื™ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ:

    • ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื ืคืืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ PGP ืื•ืŸ S/MIME ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ E- ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ;
    • ืึทืคึผืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืงืึทืœื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ื™ื“ Bitlocker ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื–;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ OpenSSL, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืกื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืœืฉ ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ MAC. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึทืœืฉ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธืจืึทืงืœืข;
    • ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ID ืงืึทืจื“ืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉืœืึทื ื“ ื ื™ืฆืŸ SAML;
    • ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขื ื˜ืจืึธืคึผื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื˜ืจืึทืค - ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ U2F ื˜ืึธืงืขื ืก ืื™ืŸ ChromeOS;
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื ืึธืกื™ืคืขืจ, ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึทืœ ืขื“ื“ืกืึท ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง.
  • ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื™ื ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ื˜ืึธืžื™ื“. ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืงื˜ืึธืจื™ื–ืขื“ ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฆื˜ AVX-512 ื•ื•ืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืฆื• ืขืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ (ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 40-120 ื‘ื™ืœื™ืึธืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืงืฆื™ืขืก ืคึผืขืจ ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืข). ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืง ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืงืคึผื• ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ 8 64-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืึธื“ืขืจ 16 32-ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.

    ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“:

    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ Power Query ื˜ืขื›ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ MS Excel, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืงืึธื“ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืคืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืกืคึผืจืขื“ืฉื™ืฅ;
    • ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืึทืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืคึผื™ืœืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืกืœืึท ืงืึทืจืก ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืฉื˜ืขื’;
    • ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜ ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืกื™ืก ืฉืคึผืึธืŸ Siemens S7-1200;
    • SonarSnoop - ื˜ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ื•ืคืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงืึธื“, ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึธื ืึทืจ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข - ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ ืกืคึผื™ืงืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ื™ื ืึธื“ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืึทื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธื•ืคืึธื•ื ื– ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืฉืคื™ื’ืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื˜;
    • ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ NSA ืก Ghidra ืคืึทืจืงืขืจื˜ ื™ื ื–ืฉืขื ื™ืขืจื™ืข ื˜ืึธืึธืœืงื™ื˜;
    • ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ - ืึท ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ื™ืงืึทืœ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ื–;
    • ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืึท ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ื“ื™ Intel Boot Guard ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืฆื• ืœืึธื“ืŸ ืžืึทื“ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ UEFI ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.
  • ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืœืึธื ืึธืคึผืจื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืขืจ (ืจืขืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืขืจ). ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื™ื ืึทื“ืึทืงื•ื•ืึทื˜ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืฆื• ืึท ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜. ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืคื™ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ึทืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ-ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜, ื›ืขืจื™ื™ื– ืจื™ืกืขืจื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ื‘ืึธื ื•ืกืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก;

    ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ:

    • ื ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ืก ืคืืจืฉืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื˜ืจื™ืขื ื˜ ืื– ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื ืื˜ืืงื™ืจื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืื™ื ืฆื•ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืื–ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ื•ื•ืืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจื˜, ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืœื™ื™ืงื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ืฆื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื ืก ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื˜ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ;
    • ืคืืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื“ ืคื™ืงืกื™ืจ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคืจืึทื ืกื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืจืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืขืคื ื˜ืœืขืš ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืงื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึท ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืงืึทืžืขืจืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืงืึธืก ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืคืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฉืœื™ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ (ื–ืึธืึธื ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืึท ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ).
    • ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 10 ื™ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืžื™ื˜ OpenPGP ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก, ืฆื™ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืึธืงืึทืžืœ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื™ื ื˜ืขืจ.

    ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื›ื™ื™ืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืžืขืœื“ืŸ ื ืึธืš. ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคึผืึทื˜ืขื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก-ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท, ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืœืขืกืึธืฃ ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื™ืงืกืคึผืœืึธื™ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจ. ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื‘ืœื•ืžื‘ืขืจื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื™ืกื–ืึธื’ื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืฉืคึผื™ืึธืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืคึผืก ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจ ืžื™ืงืจืึธ ื‘ืึธืจื“ื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืงื•ืจ ืื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข.

    ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ:

    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืจื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– (ืœื™ื‘ืฉ ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ NCC ื’ืจื•ืคืข ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืึทื˜ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ OpenSSH ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ.
    • ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ DICOM ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึท ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืคึฟืึทืจ Windows ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง DICOM ื‘ื™ืœื“. ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืงืข ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืขื“ื™ืฆื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“.
    • ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ Thrangrycat, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ืกืงืึธ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื– ืงืœืึทืกืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื‘ืœืึธื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ืึทืงืกืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืกื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืงื“ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคืœืึทืฉ;
  • ื‘ื™ื’ืึทืกื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ (ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืขืคึผืึธืก FAIL). ื“ืขืจ ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ื‘ืœื•ืžื‘ืขืจื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกืขื ืกื™ื™ืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื™ืš ื›ืขื“ืœื™ื™ื ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜-ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ, ืกืึทืคึผืจืขืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืืœืŸ, ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืกื™ ื˜ื™ืจื™ื–, ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ "ืกื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื–", ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืงืกืขืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก. ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ืึทืžืึทื ื™ื– ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ:
    • Shadowhammer ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืกื•ืก ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜;
    • ื›ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ื‘ื™ื˜ืคื™ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ื™ื–ื“ ื•ื•ื™ "ืึทื ื›ืึทืงืึทื‘ืึทืœ";
    • ืœื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืงืขื ืก ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืกืขื‘ืึธืึธืง.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’