ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94

ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื”ืื˜ ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึธื•ื 94 ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ, โ€‹โ€‹ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ ืงืจืึธื•ืžื™ืึทื ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื, ืื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื. ื“ืขืจ ืงืจืึธื•ื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Google ืœืึธื’ืึธืก, ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื ืึธื•ื˜ืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืจืึทืš, ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ (DRM), ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ RLZ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื–ื•ื›ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Chrome 95 ืื™ื– ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ 19 ืืงื˜ืื‘ืขืจ.

ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Chrome 94, ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืคืืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืฆื™ืงืœ. ื ื™ื™ึท ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 4 ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ, ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 6 ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืขืงืกืคึผืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทืžืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืขืกืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืžืขืจ ืึธืคื˜ ืึธืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืึทืžื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจื™ืกืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืžืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขื“ ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขืœืขืึทืกืขื“ ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 8 ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื™ื™ึท ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 4 ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 8 ื•ื•ืึธื›ืŸ.

ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ Chrome 94:

  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ HTTPS-ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืจืขืžืึทื ื™ืกืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ HTTPS ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืžืึธื“ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจืขืคืึธืงืก. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืึธืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืืจืขื ื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึทื ื’ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืึธืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, Google ืื™ื– ืงืึทื ืกื™ื“ืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ HTTPS-First ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–, ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ืึธื•ืคึผืึทื ื“ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืจื ื™ื ื’ื– ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืงืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืึธืŸ ืขื ืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ "ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜"> "ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜"> "ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข" ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’.
    ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94
  • ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืขืคื ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผืก, ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก (ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ) ืฆื• ื”ื™ื’ืข URL ืก (ืœืžืฉืœ, "http://router.local" ืื•ืŸ localhost) ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืจื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื– (127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.0.0/16, 10.0.0.0) ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึธื•ื›ื™ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทื“ .8/1.2.3.4, ืืื–"ื• ื•). ืึท ื•ื™ืกื ืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื™ืคึผ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืึท ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ 192.168.0.1 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ IP 127.0.0.1 ืึธื“ืขืจ IP 192.168.1.1, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ XNUMX ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•. ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ื™ื ื˜ืจืึทื“ื•ืกื™ื– ืึทืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืฉื•ืฅ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื’ืข IPs, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื ืก ืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื ืคืืœืŸ.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื”ื•ื‘" ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึท QR ืงืึธื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท URL, ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ืง ืฆื• ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืœื™ื ื’ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื ืง ืฆื• ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืคืึทืกืขื‘ืึธืึธืง, ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฆืึทืคึผืคึผ, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืง. ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–. ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ "ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ" ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื• ืื•ืŸ ืึทื“ืจืขืก ื‘ืึทืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก "chrome://flags/#sharing-hub-desktop-app-menu" ืื•ืŸ "chrome://flags/#sharing-hub- ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ-ืึธืžื ื™ื‘ืึธืงืก" .
    ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94
  • ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืื™ื– ืจื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื“. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื‘ืœืึทื˜.
    ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94
  • ืกื•ืคึผืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืฉ ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื•ื•ืึธื•ืงื˜ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทืฅ (Certificate Transparency) ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืึธืŸ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืฆื• ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก ื‘ืœืึทื˜ "ืงืจืึธื•ื: // ื•ื•ื”ืึทืฅ-ื ื™ื™ึท" ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืžืขื ื™ื•. ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื•ืคื™ื™ืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืš, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืฆื• Chrome 94 ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื  ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื–. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื–: ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก "chrome://flags#chrome-whats-new-ui" ืื•ืŸ "chrome://flags#chrome-whats-new-in" -ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜-ืžืขื ื™ื•- ื ื™ื™ึท-ืึธืคึผืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ".
    ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94
  • ืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ WebSQL API ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš (ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ื™ืคืึทืžืข) ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“. ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื 94, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก WebSQL ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜-ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ืกืงืจื™ืคึผืก, ืึท ื•ื•ืืจืขื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืจืึธื•ื 97, ืึทื–ืึท ืงืึทืœืœืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ WebSQL ื’ืึธืจ, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ. ื“ื™ WebSQL ืžืึธื˜ืึธืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ SQLite ืงืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจื– ืฆื• ื’ื•ื•ื•ืจืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ SQLite.
  • ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืžื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื’ืึทื˜ MK (URL:MK) ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืึทืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ Internet Explorer ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืฆื• ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึทืžืคึผืจืขืกื˜ ื˜ืขืงืขืก, ื”ืื˜ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜.
  • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกื™ื ื’ืงืจืึทื ืึทื–ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจืึธื•ื (ืงืจืึธื 48 ืื•ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข) ืื™ื– ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜.
  • ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืจืžื™ืฉืึทื ื–-ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ื›ืขื“ืขืจ, ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ API, ื”ืื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ "ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–-ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ" ืคืึธืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Screen Capture API ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึทื˜ (ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ื™ืคืจืึทืžืขืก ืื™ื– ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜).
  • ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึทืคึผื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ืึทืœืก ืžืึธื“ืข (ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึทืงื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ). ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืœ ื™ืžืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืึทืคึผื™ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืึธืงืึทืœื”ืึธืกื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ 127.0.0.1, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืกื™ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ.
    • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ WebGPU API, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ WebGL API ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืžื™ื ื’ ื’ืคึผื• ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืจืขื ื“ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’. ืงืึทื ืกืขืคึผื˜ืฉื•ืึทืœื™, ื•ื•ืขื‘ื’ืคึผื• ืื™ื– ื ืึธืขื ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ Vulkan, Metal ืื•ืŸ Direct3D 12 ืึทืคึผื™ืก. ืงืึทื ืกืขืคึผื˜ืฉื•ืึทืœื™, ื•ื•ืขื‘ื’ืคึผื• ื“ื™ืคืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื‘ื’ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืœ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื•ืœืงืึทืŸ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืึทืคึผื™ ื“ื™ืคืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ OpenGL, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืึทืคึผื™, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ. ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืคึผืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืžื“ืจื’ื”, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื•ืœืงืึทืŸ, ืžืขื˜ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜3ื“ 12.

      WebGPU ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข, ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ืคึผื•, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ืึทืคืขืจื–, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื‘ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืฉืึทื“ืขืจื–. ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื“ื•ืจืš ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื›ืขื“ ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืขืคืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืคึผื•. ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœืขืงืก 3 ื“ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืก.

    • ืกื˜ืึทื ื“ืึทืœืึธื ืข ืคึผื•ื•ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื’ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ URL ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื“ื™ music.example.com ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ ืึท URL ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ https://*.music.example.com ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืก, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ืข ืžืขืกืกืขื ื’ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ E- ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืขืคืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื PWA- ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ.
    • ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืงืึธื“ - 103 ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ื›ืขื“ืขืจื– ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ืงืึธื“ 103 ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ื›ืขื“ืขืจื– ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืขื ืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขื’, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฅ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืขืœืึธืึทื“ืขื“ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื™ื ืงืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืกืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜). ื ืึธืš ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืฆื• ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืจืขื ื“ืขืจื™ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืœื“ื™ืง ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืึทืคึผื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง-ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื“ื™ืข ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื–, ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืžื“ืจื’ื” HTMLMediaElement, ืžืขื“ื™ืข ืžืงื•ืจ ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ืฉืึทื ื–, ื•ื•ืขื‘ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ, ืžืขื“ื™ืึทืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืจื˜ืง ืึทืคึผื™ืก. ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึทืคึผื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’, ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜-ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ, ืกื˜ืจื™ื ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืงืึธื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื˜-ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื–. ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืึทืกืกืขืžื‘ืœื™, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืึทืคึผื™ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจ-ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜, ื”ื•ื™ืš-ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก ืึทืคึผื™ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขื ืงืึธื“ืขืจืก, ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืžื“ืจื’ื”.
  • ื“ื™ ื™ื ืกืขืจื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ืกื˜ืจืขืึทืžืก ืึทืคึผื™ ืื™ื– ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“, ืžืื›ืŸ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื•ืœื™ืจืŸ ืจื•ื™ ืžืขื“ื™ืข ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื– ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ MediaStreamTrack API, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืคืึธืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึธื“ืขืง ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขื‘ืงืึธื“ืขืง ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืจื•ื™ ืจืึธืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ื– ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ WebRTC Insertable Streams API ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ืฅ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ RTCPeerConnections. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึทืคึผื™ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืงืก ืฆื• ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื ืึทื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื™ืคืขืงืฅ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืงืœื™ืคึผื™ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืงืึธื“ืขืง.
  • ื“ื™ ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœืขืจ.ืคึผืึธืกื˜ื˜ืึทืกืง () ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื– ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“, ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงืขื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก (ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืงืึทืœืœื‘ืึทืงืง ืงืึทืœืœืก) ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก. ื“ืจื™ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜: 1- ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜; 2-ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ืขืก ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜; 3 - ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜). ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืกืงืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœืœืขืจ ื›ื™ื™ืคืขืฅ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธื˜ืœ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื˜ืึทืกืงืก.
  • ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื–ืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืคื•ื ืื ื“ืขืจื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ืึทืœืก ืึทืคึผื™ ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื˜ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื™ื ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™. ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผื™ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ / ืžื•ื™ื–, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืื™ื– ืคืืจืฉืคืืจื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจ. ื™ื ืคืึธืจืžื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื™ื ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื™ื ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ.
  • ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ CanvasRenderingContext2D ืื•ืŸ ImageData ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ sRGB ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“. ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืก ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ CanvasRenderingContext2D ืื•ืŸ ImageData ืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืกืคึผื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ sRGB, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ Display P3, ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืžืึธื ื™ื˜ืึธืจืก.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ VirtualKeyboard API ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืฆื™ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ.
  • ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืงืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืฆื• ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืงืึธื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ืึทื“ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืก: ืงืœืึทืก C { // ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืก ื–ื™ืš ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง { console.log ("C ืก ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืœืึธืง"); } }
  • ื“ื™ ืคืœืขืงืก-ื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืœืขืงืก ืงืกืก ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜, ืžื™ืŸ-ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜, ืžืึทืงืก-ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง-ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืžืขืจ ืคืœืขืงืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืคืœืขืงืกื‘ืึธืงืก ื’ืขื’ื ื˜.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืงืจืึธืœื‘ืึทืจ-ื’ืึธื˜ืขืจ CSS ืคืึทืจืžืึธื’ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื™ื– ืจืขื–ืขืจื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืงืจืึธืœื‘ืึทืจ. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขื’ื™ืœืข ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงืจืึธืœื‘ืึทืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜.
  • ื“ื™ Self Profiling API ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืงืึธื“, ืึธืŸ ืจื™ื–ืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืžืึทื ื•ืึทืœ ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก.
  • ื ืึธืš ืจื™ืžื•ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคืœืึทืฉ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก navigator.plugins ืื•ืŸ navigator.mimeTypes, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืคืืจืงืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืก, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื“ืฃ ื˜ืขืงืขืก. ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืงืจืึธื•ื ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื“ืฃ ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืจ, ื“ื™ navigator.plugins ืื•ืŸ navigator.mimeTypes ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืคึผื“ืฃ ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืจ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ืื•ืŸ MIME ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก - "PDF Viewer, Chrome PDF Viewer, Chromium PDF Viewer, Microsoft Edge PDF Viewer ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืงื™ื˜ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜-ืื™ืŸ PDF".
  • ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืžืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก. Nest Hub ืื•ืŸ Nest Hub Max ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืกื™ืžื™ืึทืœื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื”. ื ืงื ืขืคึผืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื ืขืฅ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ "ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก-ืงืึธื“: 404" ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื–ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก), ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜-ืงื™ื›ืœ ื›ืขื“ืขืจื– (ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’). ื“ื™ ืกื™ื™ื“ื‘ืึทืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื‘ ืงืึทื ืกืึธื•ืœ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืคึผืจื™ืฉื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’. ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื•ื– ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก, ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ.
    ืงืจืึธื•ื ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 94

ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืึธื•ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฉื•ืง ืคื™ืงืกื™ื–, ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ืฅ 19 ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–. ืคื™ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื˜ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ AddressSanitizer, MemorySanitizer, Control Flow Integrity, LibFuzzer ืื•ืŸ AFL ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืึทืœืข ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืฉื•ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื–ืึทืžื“ืงืึทืกื˜ืŸ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืฆื• ืฆืึธืœืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืจื™ื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’, Google ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœื˜ 17 ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก ืคื•ืŸ $ 56500 (ืื™ื™ืŸ $ 15000 ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ $ 10000 ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก, ืื™ื™ืŸ $ 7500 ืึทื•ื•ืึธืจื“, ืคื™ืจ $ 3000 ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ $ 1000 ืึทื•ื•ืึทืจื“ืก). ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 7 ืจื™ื•ื•ืึธืจื“ื– ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’