Debian 11 "Bullseye" ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’

ื ืึธืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’, Debian GNU/Linux 11.0 (Bullseye) ืื™ื– ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜, ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื–: Intel IA-32/x86 (i686), AMD64 / x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), 64-bit ARM (ืึทืจืž64), ARMv7 (ืึทืจืžื”ืฃ), ืžื™ืคึผืกืขืœ, ืžื™ืคึผืก64ืขืœ, ืคึผืึธื•ื•ืขืจืคึผืง 64 (ืคึผืคึผืง64ืขืœ) ืื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ื ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื– (ืก390ืงืก). ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ 11 ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขืœืขืึทืกืขื“ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 5 ื™ืึธืจ.

ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืืคืงืืคื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ, ื“ื–ืฉื™ื’ื“ืึธ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื˜ืึธืจืจืขื ื˜. ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทืœ ื ื™ื˜-ืคืจื™ื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ืคึผืจืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ืึทื˜ืขืจื™ ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ amd64 ืื•ืŸ i386 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื–, LiveUSB ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“, ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ GNOME, KDE ืื•ืŸ Xfce, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท Multi-arch DVD ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืžื“64 ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ i386 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ.

ื“ื™ ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ื›ึผื•ืœืœ 59551 ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– (42821 ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 1848 ืžืขืจ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ 10. ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ 10, 11294 ื ื™ื™ึท ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ, 9519 (16%) ืคืึทืจืขืœื˜ืขืจื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืืจืœืื–ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ. , ืื•ืŸ 42821 ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ (72%) ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–. ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– 1 ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื“. 152 ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’.

ืคึฟืึทืจ 95.7% ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–, ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืคึผื™ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ืžืงื•ืจ ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื ื˜ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืขืจื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขืš ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกืึทื‘ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื˜ืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ื•ืงืžืึทืจืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ.

ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ 11.0:

  • ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 5.10 (ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ 10 ืฉื™ืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืขืจืŸ 4.19).
  • ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืก ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืึทื ืžืึทื ืฅ: GNOME 3.38, KDE Plasma 5.20, LXDE 11, LXQt 0.16, MATE 1.24, Xfce 4.16. ื“ื™ ืึธืคื™ืก ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ LibreOffice ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 7.0, ืื•ืŸ Calligra ืฆื• ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 3.2. ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ GIMP 2.10.22, Inkscape 1.0.2, Vim 8.2.
  • ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ Apache httpd 2.4.48, BIND 9.16, Dovecot 2.3.13, Exim 4.94, Postfix 3.5, MariaDB 10.5, nginx 1.18, PostgreSQL 13, Samba 4.13, OpenSSH 8.4.
  • ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื GCC 10.2, LLVM / Clang 11.0.1, OpenJDK 11, Perl 5.32, PHP 7.4, Python 3.9.1, Rust 1.48, Glibc 2.31.
  • ื“ื™ CUPS ืื•ืŸ SANE ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืจื•ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืŸ ืึธืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืกืงืึทื ืขืจื– ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื•ืกื‘ ืคึผืึธืจื˜. ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืœืขืกืก ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ IPP ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืงืึทื ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ eSCL ืื•ืŸ WSD ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก (ืกืึทื ืข-ืขืกืงืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึทื ืข-ืึทื™ืจืกืงืึทืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขื ื“ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜). ืฆื• ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ืกื‘ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื ืขืฅ ื“ืจื•ืงืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกืงืึทื ื ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื™ืคึผ-ื•ืกื‘ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IPP-over-USB ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ.
  • ื ื ื™ื™ึทืข "ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ" ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืงืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื˜ืขืงืข ื˜ื™ืคึผ. ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ xdg-open ื ื•ืฆืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ-mailcap ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ-ืึธืœื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืกืึทื‘ืกื™ืกื˜ืึทื ื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื ื’ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง.
  • ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืื“ ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ืฆื• ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ cgroup ื›ื™ื™ืขืจืึทืจืงื™ (cgroup v2). ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก ื•ื• 2 ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ, ืงืคึผื• ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš / ืึธ ืงืึทื ืกืึทืžืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ cgroups v2 ืื•ืŸ v1 ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ cgroups ื›ื™ื™ืขืจืึทืจืงื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ื˜ื™ื™ืคึผืก ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื›ื™ื™ืขืจืึทืจืงื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืคึผื• ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจืขื’ื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืกืึทืžืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ I/O. ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื›ื™ื™ืขืจืึทืจืงื™ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื ืึธืš ืงืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืงืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืจืขืคืขืจืขื ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื›ื™ื™ืขืจืึทืจืงื™ื–. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• cgroup v2, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ cgroups v1.
  • systemd ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœ (ื“ื™ systemd-journald ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืื™ื– ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกื˜ืึธืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ /var/log/journal/ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืŸ ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืื ืขืœืŸ ืœืึธื’ื™ื ื’ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ rsyslog (ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืงืŸ rsyslog ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ื  ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ systemd -journald). ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืž-ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข, ื™ื•ื–ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื˜ืึธืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœ. ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟื™ืœื˜ืจื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืขื’ื•ืœืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจื•ืงืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืึธื•ืจื ืึทืœืงื˜ืœ ื ื•ืฆืŸ.
  • ื“ืขืจ ืงืขืจืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ืฉืึธืคืขืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ exFAT ื˜ืขืงืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืคืึทื˜-ืคื•ืกืข ืคึผืขืงืœ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืคืึทื˜ืคึผืจืึธื’ืก ืคึผืขืงืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ exFAT FS (ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืขืงืกืคืึทื˜-ื•ื˜ื™ืœ ืกืขื˜ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ).
  • ื‘ืึทืึทืžื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืคึผืก ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื“.
  • ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื›ืึทืฉื™ื ื’ ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทื ืื™ื– ื™ืขืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ SHA-512.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืืคื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืคึผืึธื“ืžืึทืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื–, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืึธืงืขืจ.
  • ื˜ืฉื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื“ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ /etc/apt/sources.list ื˜ืขืงืข ืฆื• ืึทื“ืจืขืก ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื™ืฉื•ื–. ื“ื™ {ื“ื™ืกื˜}-ื•ืคึผื“ืึทื˜ืขืก ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืžื“ ืฆื• {dist}-ืกืขืงื•ืจื™ื˜ื™. Sources.list ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืกืขืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ "[]" ื‘ืœืึทืงืก ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืคืœ ืกืคึผื™ื™ืกืึทื–.
  • ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ Panfrost ืื•ืŸ Lima ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืึทืœื™ ื’ืคึผื•ืก ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื“ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืขืจื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ARM ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ.
  • ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืึทืงืกืขืœืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืงืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ื’ืคึผื•ืก ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืจืึธื“ื•ื•ืขืœืœ ืžื™ืงืจืึธืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ื•ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ-ืžืขื“ื™ืข-ื•ื•ืึท-ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉืึธืคืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜.
  • grub2 ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting) ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื– ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืžื™ื˜ ืจืขื•ื•ืึธืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ UEFI Secure Boot.
  • ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืœื™ื‘ื™ื ืคึผื•ื˜ ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ evdev ืฉืึธืคืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื– ื˜ืึธื•ื˜ืฉืคึผืึทื“ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ. ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืกืงืึธืจ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ืฆื• ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืจืึทื ืžืึทื ืฅ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ. ื ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื”ืึธืžืขื•ื•ืึธืจืœื“ ื˜ืขืžืข ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื .
    Debian 11 "Bullseye" ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’
  • ื“ืขืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ GNOME ืคืœืึทืฉื‘ืึทืงืง ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉ GNOME ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ืข, ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืึทืกื™ื˜ื™ ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืคึผืœืขืฅ ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ GNOME 3 ืคืึทืœื‘ืึทืง ืžืึธื“ืข.
  • ื“ื™ win32-loader ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื‘ื™ืึทืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Windows ืึธืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท, ื”ืื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ UEFI ืื•ืŸ Secure Boot.
  • ืคึฟืึทืจ ARM64 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ARM ื‘ืึธืจื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก puma-rk3399, Orange Pi One Plus, ROCK Pi 4 (A,B,C), Banana Pi BPI-M2-Ultra, Banana Pi BPI-M3, NanoPi NEO Air, FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO Plus2, Pinebook, Pinebook Pro, Olimex A64-Olinuxino, A64-Olinuxino-eMMC, SolidRun LX2160A Honeycomb, Clearfog CX, SolidRun Cubox-i Solo/DualLite, Turris MOX, Librem 5 ืื•ืŸ OLPC XO-1.75.
  • ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ-ื“ื™ืกืง ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทืงื˜ื“ื™ืกืง ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ Xfce ืื™ื– ืกื˜ืึทืคึผื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 2 ืื•ืŸ 3 DVD ISO ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ amd64/i386 ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืกื˜ืึทืคึผื˜.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’