ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก 38 ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’

ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜. , Cinnamon, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืืคืงืืคื™ืข. LXDE, Phosh, LXQt, Budgie ืื•ืŸ Sway. ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ x38_5, Power86 ืื•ืŸ ARM64 (AArch64) ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจื–. ื“ื™ ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Fedora Silverblue builds ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื“.

ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ Fedora Linux 38 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ:

  • ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืึทื“ืขืจื ื™ื™ื–ื“ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš Lennart Pรถttering ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“. ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคืขืจืึทื ืกื™ื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ, ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื™ื˜ืจื“ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืคึผืขืงืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืงืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ UKI (Unified Kernel Image), ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื™ื ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทื˜ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’. UKI ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืข ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ UEFI (UEFI ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผ), ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืงืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื™ื˜ืจื“ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืจื•ืคืŸ ืึท UKI ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ UEFI, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื™ื˜ืจื“, ื“ื™ ืึธื˜ืึทื ื˜ื™ืกื™ื˜ื™ ื˜ืฉืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ FS ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื•ื“. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข, UKI ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ UKI ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืžืขื ืึทืœ UKI ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ, ืคืึธื•ืงื™ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืžืืฉื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขื“ ื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก.
  • ื“ืขืจ RPM ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึทืจืกื™ื ื’ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ Sequoia ืคึผืขืงืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืึทืŸ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ OpenPGP ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื˜ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš. ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ, RPM ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข OpenPGP ืคึผืึทืจืกื™ื ื’ ืงืึธื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืึทื ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื™ ืจืคึผื-ืกืขืงื•ื•ื™ืึท ืคึผืขืงืœ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ ื“ืขืคึผืขื ื“ืขื ืกื™ ืฆื• ืจืคึผื, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืึทืœื’ืขืจื™ื“ืึทืžื– ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืขื˜ืœืข ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง, ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ C (ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ OpenSSL).
  • ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคึผืขืงืœ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ Microdnf ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ DNF. ื“ื™ Microdnf Toolkit ืื™ื– ื‘ืื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืคึฟืขื™ึดืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ DNF, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืงืขืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื•ื™ืš ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทืงื˜ื ืึทืก. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ Microdnf ืื•ืŸ DNF ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ C ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’, ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ Python, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ึทืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ืึทื ืกื™ื–. ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืึทื“ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ Microdnf: ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื–; ื™ืžืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ื“ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ; ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื’ืขืฉืืคืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ืœืขืฅ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–; ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื”ื™ื’ืข ืจืคึผื ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ื–ืึทืงืฉืึทื ื–; ืžืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืจื˜ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืึทืฉ; ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ื“ื™ builddep ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ ืึธืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.
  • ะ ะฐะฑะพั‡ะธะน ัั‚ะพะป ะฒ Fedora Workstation ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปั‘ะฝ ะดะพ ะฒั‹ะฟัƒัะบะฐ GNOME 44, ะฒ ะบะพั‚ะพั€ะพะผ ะฟั€ะพะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะตั€ะตะฒะพะด ะฟั€ะธะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ะฝะฐ ะธัะฟะพะปัŒะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต GTK 4 ะธ ะฑะธะฑะปะธะพั‚ะตะบะธ libadwaita (ะฝะฐ GTK4 ัั€ะตะดะธ ะฟั€ะพั‡ะตะณะพ ะฟะตั€ะตะฒะตะดะตะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปัŒะทะพะฒะฐั‚ะตะปัŒัะบะฐั ะพะฑะพะปะพั‡ะบะฐ GNOME Shell ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะพะทะธั‚ะฝั‹ะน ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตั€ Mutter). ะ’ ะดะธะฐะปะพะณ ะฒั‹ะฑะพั€ะฐ ั„ะฐะนะปะพะฒ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ั€ะตะถะธะผ ะพั‚ะพะฑั€ะฐะถะตะฝะธั ัะพะดะตั€ะถะธะผะพะณะพ ะฒ ั„ะพั€ะผะต ัะตั‚ะบะธ ะทะฝะฐั‡ะบะพะฒ. ะ’ะฝะตัะตะฝั‹ ะผะฝะพะณะพั‡ะธัะปะตะฝะฝั‹ะต ะธะทะผะตะฝะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะฝั„ะธะณัƒั€ะฐั‚ะพั€. ะ’ ะผะตะฝัŽ ะฑั‹ัั‚ั€ะพะณะพ ะธะทะผะตะฝะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัั‚ั€ะพะตะบ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฐ ัะตะบั†ะธั ะดะปั ัƒะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั Bluetooth.
  • Xfce ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 4.18.
  • ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืžื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ LXQt ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ AArch64 ืึทืจืงืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ืฉืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ.
  • ื“ื™ SDDM ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ืคืึธืœืฅ ืฆื• ืึท ืœืึธื’ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฆื˜ Wayland. ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ KDE ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืฆื• Wayland.
  • ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ KDE ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ, ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืกืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืžืึทื–ืขืง ืื™ื– ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ KDE ืกืคึผื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ืึธื™ื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื ืžืึธื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ื ืข ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืงืึธื ื“ืึท ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ.
  • ืคื•ืœ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ Flathub ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ (ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทืœ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–, ืคึผืจืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ืึทื˜ืขืจื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืœื™ื™ืกืึทื ืกื™ื ื’ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืคึผืœื˜). ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืœืึทื˜ืคึผืึทืง ืื•ืŸ ืจืคึผื ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ GNOME ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’, ื“ื™ ืคืœืึทื˜ืคึผืึทืง ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืจืคึผื ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคึฟื•ืŸ Flathub.
  • ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืกืขืžื‘ืœื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื”ืื˜ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืกืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึธืฉ ืฉืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ GNOME ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ GTK ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง, ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ Phoc ืงืึธืžืคึผืึธืกื™ื˜ืข ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ Wayland, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืกืงื•ื•ืขืขืงื‘ืึธืึทืจื“. ื“ื™ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ืื™ื– ื˜ื›ื™ืœืขืก ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผื•ืจื™ืกื ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ GNOME Shell ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ Librem 5 ืกืžืึทืจื˜ืคืึธื ืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืคื™ืฉืึทืœ GNOME ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืžืึทืจืงืขื˜ืึธืก, ืžืึธื‘ื™ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืคึฟืึทืจ Pine64 ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ Fedora Budgie Spin ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Budgie ื’ืจืึทืคื™ืงืึทืœ ืฉืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ GNOME ื˜ืขืงื ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื–, ื“ื™ Budgie Window Manager (BWM) ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ GNOME Shell. Budgie ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขื ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคึผืึทื ืึทืœื–. ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผืคึผืœืขืฅ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคืœืขืงืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื“ื™ ื–ืึทืฅ, ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกืžืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ึท ืกืคึผื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžื ื”ื’ ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ Wayland ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ i3 ื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ i3bar. ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืคื•ืœ-ืคืœืขื“ื–ืฉื“ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืข, ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืึทืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื ื™ื™ื ื’ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜: swayidle (ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจืึธื•ื ื“ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ KDE ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืง ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ), swaylock (ืกืงืจื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ), mako (ื ืึธื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ), grim (ืงืจื™ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกืงืจืขืขื ืฉืึธืฅ), ืกืœื•ืจืคึผ (ืกืึทืœืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืฉื˜ื—). ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขืงืจืึทืŸ), wf-ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขืจ (ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ), ื•ื•ืขื’ื‘ืึทืจ (ืึทืคึผืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทืจ), ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื‘ืึธืึทืจื“ (ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืงืœืึทื•ื•ื™ืึทื˜ื•ืจ), ื•ื•ืœ-ืงืœื™ืคึผื‘ืึธืจื“ (ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืคึผื‘ืึธืจื“), ื•ื•ืึทืœืœื•ื˜ื™ืœืก (ืึธื ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ื˜ืึทืคึผืขื˜ืŸ).
  • ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืึทืงืึธื ื“ืึท ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ, ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข-ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’ RAIDs (BIOS RAID, Firmware RAID, Fake RAID), ื“ื™ mdam toolkit ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ dmraid.
  • ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ IoT ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื ื’ืก ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก. ื“ืขืจ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึธืจืขืึธืก-ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ืง OStree ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืึธืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ.
  • ืœื™ื™ื•ื• ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืคึผื’ืจื™ื™ื“ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืึท ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืขืจืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื“ื–ืฉ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ืกื‘ ืคืึธืจ.
  • ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ X ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ Xwayland, ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก, ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืกื“ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื›ื™ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’.
  • ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœืขืจ ื™ื ืงืœื•ื“ื– ื“ื™ "-fno-omit-frame-pointer" ืื•ืŸ "-mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer" ืคืœืึทื’ืก ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืจื‘ืขืกืขืจืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ืคึผืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืึทื’ื ืึธื–ื™ืจืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืึธืŸ ืจื™ืงืึทืžืคึผื™ื™ืœ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–.
  • ะžะฑะตัะฟะตั‡ะตะฝะฐ ัะฑะพั€ะบะฐ ะฟะฐะบะตั‚ะพะฒ ั ะฒะบะปัŽั‡ะตะฝะธะตะผ ั€ะตะถะธะผะฐ ะทะฐั‰ะธั‚ั‹ ยซ_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3ยป, ะฒั‹ัะฒะปััŽั‰ะตะณะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝั‹ะต ะฟะตั€ะตะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะฑัƒั„ะตั€ะฐ ะฟั€ะธ ะฒั‹ะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ัั‚ั€ะพะบะพะฒั‹ั… ั„ัƒะฝะบั†ะธะน, ะพะฟั€ะตะดะตะปั‘ะฝะฝั‹ั… ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพะปะพะฒะพั‡ะฝะพะผ ั„ะฐะนะปะต string.h. ะžั‚ะปะธั‡ะธะต ะพั‚ ั€ะตะถะธะผะฐ ยซ_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2ยป ัะฒะพะดะธั‚ัั ะบ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธั‚ะตะปัŒะฝั‹ะผ ะฟั€ะพะฒะตั€ะบะฐะผ. ะขะตะพั€ะตั‚ะธั‡ะตัะบะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธั‚ะตะปัŒะฝั‹ะต ะฟั€ะพะฒะตั€ะบะธ ะผะพะณัƒั‚ ะฟั€ะธะฒะพะดะธั‚ัŒ ะบ ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธัŽ ะฟั€ะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธั‚ะตะปัŒะฝะพัั‚ะธ, ะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฟั€ะฐะบั‚ะธะบะต ั‚ะตัั‚ั‹ SPEC2000 ะธ SPEC2017 ะฝะต ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ ั€ะฐะทะปะธั‡ะธะน ะธ ะฒ ะฟั€ะพั†ะตััะต ั‚ะตัั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพั‚ ะฟะพะปัŒะทะพะฒะฐั‚ะตะปะตะน ะฝะต ะฟะพัั‚ัƒะฟะฐะปะพ ะถะฐะปะพะฑ ะฝะฐ ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธะต ะฟั€ะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธั‚ะตะปัŒะฝะพัั‚ะธ.
  • ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ึทืžืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืึธืจืกื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื ื™ืฅ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืฉืึทื˜ื“ืึทื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 2 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืฆื• 45 ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืขืก.
  • ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ Node.js ืคึผืœืึทื˜ืคืึธืจืžืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ืฉืขืจื“. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Node.js ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ (ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ nodejs-16, nodejs-18 ืื•ืŸ nodejs-20 ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜).
  • ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืคึผืขืงืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื ืขืžืขืŸ Ruby 3.2, gcc 13, LLVM 16, Golang 1.20, PHP 8.2, binutils 2.39, glibc 2.37, gdb 12.1, GNU Make 4.4, cups-filters 2.0b, TeXLive 2022, Image7Magick 15, Image.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืขื“ืึธืจืึท 38, "ืคืจื™ื™" ืื•ืŸ "ื ื™ื˜-ืคืจื™ื™" ืจื™ืคึผืึทื–ืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ RPM Fusion ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขื / ืึทื•ื“ื™ืึธ ืงืึธื“ืขืงืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ, ืคึผืจืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ืึทื˜ืขืจื™ ืึทืžื“ ืื•ืŸ NVIDIA ื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื’ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืขืžื•ืœืึทื˜ืึธืจืก.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’