ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ TLS ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก

ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื˜ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– (CVE-2020-1968) ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ TLS ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืงืึธื“ืขื ืึทืžืขื“
ืฉืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’, ืื™ืŸ ื–ืขืœื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ืŸ, ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ืขืจื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ (ืคืึทืจ-ื‘ืขืœ), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ TLS ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื–, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ HTTPS, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืขืคึผื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึธืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ (MITM). ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืึธืจืขื˜ื™ืฉ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ. ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ, ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ TLS ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ TLS ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึทืคืขืงืฅ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ DH ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ (Diffie-Hellman, TLS_DH_*"). ืžื™ื˜ ECDH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ. ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– TLS ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœืก ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 1.2 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง; TLS 1.3 ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืคืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืึทืงืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ TLS ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ื™ื•ื– ื“ื™ DH ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข TLS ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– (ื“ืขื ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืึทืงืขืจื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 4.4% ืคื•ืŸ Alexa Top 1M ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืก).

ืื™ืŸ OpenSSL 1.0.2e ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืจื™ืœื™ืกื™ื–, ื“ื™ DH ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื•ื–ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืกื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื“ื™ SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜. ื–ื™ื ื˜ OpenSSL 1.0.2f, ื“ื™ DH ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื•ื–ื“ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ("DH-*", ืœืžืฉืœ "DH-RSA-AES256-SHA"). ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉื™ื™ึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ OpenSSL 1.1.1, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื’ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท DH ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ DH ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขืงืกืœ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ, ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉืจ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืึทืค ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ืึทื˜ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ (ื“ืขืจื ืึธืš ืฉืœื™ืกืœ "ืึท" ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ "ื‘"), ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ (ื’ืึท ืžืึธื“ ืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ื’ ืžืึธื“ ืคึผ) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜. ื ืึธืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ ื‘ืืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ, ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ (ื’ืึทื‘ ืžืึธื“ ืคึผ) ืื™ื– ืงืึทืœืงื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคึผ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื“ื•ืจืš ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜-ืงืึทื ืึทืœ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก, ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ TLS ืกืคึผืขืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข 1.2 ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ืึทื– ืึทืœืข ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ื ืึทืœ-ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืขืก.

ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืขืกื™ืข ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืึทืฉ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ. ืึทืงื™ืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื“ื™ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืงืœื•ื– (ืึธืจืึทืงืœืข) ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืขืก ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทืฆืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืขืคึผื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ (ื’ืึท) ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜, ืจื™ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ
ืฆื™ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœ.

ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืขืคึผื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ "ื’ืึท" ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื˜ืขื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืงืฉืจ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœื•ื ื’, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ "ื’ืึท" ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืงืฉืจ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ื“ืœื•ื ื’ ืกืขืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื˜ "ื’ืจื™ * ื’ืึท" ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก, ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ, ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ, ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืกื›ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืึทืœื•ืฉืึทื ื– ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ.

ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ TLS ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืคืขืกื˜ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทื ืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก

OpenSSL ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืึทืกื™ื™ื ื“ ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืง ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคืึทืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ืจื™ื“ื•ืกื˜ ืฆื• ืžืึทืš ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ืคืขืจืก "TLS_DH_*" ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ 1.0.2w ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ื™ืง ืฉื•ืฅ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ("ืฉื•ื•ืึทืš-ืกืกืœ-ืกื™ืคืขืจืก"), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืคึผืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ . ื“ื™ ืžืึธื–ื™ืœืœืึท ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื–ืึทืš, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืœืืฉืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ NSS ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ Firefox, ื“ื™ DH ืื•ืŸ DHE ืกื™ืคืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ืฅ. ืื™ืŸ Firefox 78, ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืจื™ืคึผืœื˜. ืงืจืึธื•ื ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ DH ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ 2016. ื“ื™ BearSSL, BoringSSL, Botan, Mbed TLS ืื•ืŸ s2n ืœื™ื™ื‘ืจืขืจื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืคืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ DH ืกื™ืคืขืจืก.

ื ืึธืš ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ (CVE-2020-5929) ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ TLS ืึธื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ F5 BIG-IP ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืŸ ืžืขืจ ืจืขืึทืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืœื™ื™ื˜ืึทื ืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’