ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ GRUB2 ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก UEFI Secure Boot

2 ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืคืขืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ GRUB7 ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ื“ื™ UEFI Secure Boot ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืงืึธื“, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทืœื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืคืœื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืขืจืŸ ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก UEFI Secure Boot. ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืึธื“ืขื ืึทืžืขื“ Boothole 3, ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืขื ืœืขืš ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ.

ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึธื•ื‘ืœืขืฉืึธืึธื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื™ืŸ GRUB2 ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื, ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting) ืžืขืงืึทื ื™ื–ืึทื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ GRUB2, shim ืื•ืŸ fwupd. SBAT ืื™ื– ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขื“ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธืกืึธืคึฟื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื ืึธืš ืžืขื˜ืึทื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืขืงืกืขืงื•ื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ื˜ืขืงืขืก ืคื•ืŸ UEFI ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทื‘ืจื™ืงืึทื ื˜, ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜, ืงืึธืžืคึผืึธื ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข. ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืขื“ ืžืขื˜ืึทื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืื™ื– ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื›ื™ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทื“ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ UEFI Secure Boot.

ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื– ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื“ื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทื˜ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขื—ืชืžืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธืกืึธืคึฟื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ UEFI Secure Boot ืžืึธื“ืข. ื“ืขืจ ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื– GRUB2 ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืงืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ GRUB ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžื™ื™ืงืจืึธืกืึธืคึฟื˜. ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ GRUB2 ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื, ื•ื•ืขื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืœ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืึทืก, ืžืึธื“ื™ืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก ืœืึทืงื“ืึทื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืฅ.

ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ, ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจื–, ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจืก, ืงืขืจืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื–, fwupd ืคื™ืจืžื•ื•ืึทืจืข ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ SBAT, ืึทืคึผื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงืึทื˜ ืจืขื•ื•ืึธืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” (ื“ื‘ืงืก, UEFI ืจืขื•ื•ืึธืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื”) ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ืจืขืงื•ื•ืึทื–ืึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืึธืจ ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ, ืจืึทื’ืึทืจื“ืœืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืงืขืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื‘ืึธืึธื˜ืึทื‘ืœืข ืžื™ื“ื™ืึท ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹GRUB2, ืกืขืจื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ื›ืกื™ืžืข, ืฆื• ืงืึธืžืคึผืจืึธืžื™ืก UEFI Secure Boot.

ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืจื™ื•ื•ืึธื•ืงื™ื ื’ ืึท ื›ืกื™ืžืข, SBAT ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึธื ืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ื ื•ืžืขืจืŸ ืึธืŸ ืจื™ื•ื•ืึธื•ืงื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ. ื‘ืœืึทืงื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื“ื•ืจืš SBAT ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท UEFI ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืจืขื•ื•ืึธืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” (ื“ื‘ืงืก), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ืคึผืœื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืขืจืœืขืš ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืฆื• ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื’ื ืึทื˜ืฉืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื™ืงืŸ GRUB2, ืฉื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืึทืจื˜ืึทืคืึทืงืฅ ืกืึทืคึผืœื™ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื–. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, SBAT ืฉื˜ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคืึธืœืงืก ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืึทื ื–.

ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–:

  • CVE-2021-3696, CVE-2021-3695 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ืคึผืข-ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืคืœืึธื•ื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœื™ ื“ื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ PNG ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื˜ืขืึธืจืขื˜ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืจืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืคึผืึทืก UEFI Secure Boot. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื’ื•ื•ื•ืจืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืฆื• ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื’ื•ื•ื•ืจืข ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ืงืึธืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’.
  • CVE-2021-3697 - ื ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืคืœืึธื• ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ JPEG ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืงืึธื“. ื“ื™ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื– ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืขืงืกื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ PNG ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ (CVSS 7.5).
  • CVE-2022-28733 - ืึทืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืจ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืคืœืึธื• ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ grub_net_recv_ip4_packets () ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื“ื™ rsm->total_len ืคึผืึทืจืึทืžืขื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืงืจืึทืคื˜ืขื“ IP ืคึผืึทืงืึทื˜. ื“ื™ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื’ืขืคืขืจืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ื– ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ (CVSS 8.1). ืื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขืงืกืคึผืœื•ื™ื˜ืึทื“, ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ื’ืจืขื ืขืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืึท ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ืจืึทื˜ืœื™ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืจ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื™ืก.
  • CVE-2022-28734 - ืื™ื™ืŸ-ื‘ื™ื˜ืข ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืคืœืึธื• ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื™ื ื’ ืกื˜ืจื™ืคึผื˜ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ื›ืขื“ืขืจื–. ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืึทืคืŸ GRUB2 ืžืขื˜ืึทื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข (ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ื ืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ) ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืกื™ื ื’ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืงืจืึทืคื˜ืขื“ ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืจื™ืงื•ื•ืขืก.
  • CVE-2022-28735 ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ shim_lock ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื ื™ื˜-ืงืขืจื ืขืœ ื˜ืขืงืข ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืœืึธื“ืŸ ืึทื ืกื™ื™ื ื“ ืงืขืจืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืงืึธื“ ืื™ืŸ UEFI Secure Boot ืžืึธื“ืข.
  • CVE-2022-28736 ืึทืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ grub_cmd_chainloader () ืคึฟื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืจื™ืจื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉืึทื™ื ืœืึธืึทื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœ, ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš GRUB2. ืขืงืกืคึผืœืึธื™ื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืงืึธื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ GRUB2
  • CVE-2022-28737 - ื ื‘ืึทืคืขืจ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืคืœืึธื• ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืึทืงืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ handle_image () ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืึทืงื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืจืึทืคื˜ืขื“ EFI ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ.

ืžืงื•ืจ: opennet.ru

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’