ื ืึธื ืึท ืืึธืจ ืคืื ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื, ืึท ืืึทืืืืืืง ืืขืืืื ื ืคืื ืื Python 3.11 ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทืืืื ื ืฉืคึผืจืึทื ืืื ืืจืืืก. ืืขืจ ื ืฒึทืขืจ ืฆืืืืึทื ืืืขื ืืขืฉืืืฆื ืืืขืจื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืืึธืจ ืืื ืึท ืืึทืื, ืืื ืืขืจื ืึธื ืืืขืื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืืจื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืื ืคึผืึทืืืฉืขืก ืืื ืืืึทืื ืขืจืึทืืืืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื ืึธื ืืจืื ืืื ืึท ืืึทืื ืืึธืจ.
ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืืืืงืขืจ ืฆืืื, ืึทืืฃ ืืขืกืืื ื ืคืื ืื Python 3.12 ืฆืืืืึทื ืื ืืขืืืืื (ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืึทืข ืึทื ืืืืืงืืื ื ืคึผืืึทื, ืึทืจืืขื ืืืืฃ ืึท ื ืืึทืข ืฆืืืืึทื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืื ืฃ ืืืฉืื ืืืืืขืจ ืื ืืขืืืื ื ืคืื ืื ืคืจืืขืจืืืงืข ืฆืืืืึทื ืืื ืจืืืฉืึทื ืื ืึทืืฃ ืืขืกืืื ื ืืื ืข ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื ืคืื ืืขืจ ืืืืึทืืขืจ ืืขืืืื ื. ). ืื Python 3.12 ืฆืืืืึทื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืึทืืฃ ืจืืืืกืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืื ืืืฉืื, ืืขืฉืึทืก ืืืึธืก ื ืืึท ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืึทืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืคืึทืจืคืขืกืืืงื. ื ืึธื ืืขื, ืืืชื ืืืขืจืกืืขืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืืขืกืืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืื ืืืฉืื, ืืขืฉืึทืก ืืืึธืก ืื ืึทืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ื ืืึท ืคึฟืขืึดืงืืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืคึผืจืึธืืืืืึทืืึทื ืืื ืึทืืข ืืคืืขืจืงืืึทืืงืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืึทืฆืึธืื ืฆื ืคืืงืกืืจ ืืึทืื. ืื ืืขืฆืืข ืฆืืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืืจื ืืืคืจืืืืื ื ืืืขื ืืขืจ ืฆืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืืคืจืืืืื ื ืงืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืืืืงืข ืกืืืืืืืืืฆืืข ืืืขื ืืืจืืืขืคืืจื ืืืขืจื.
ื ืืึทืข ืึทืืืฉืึทื ื ืืื Python 3.11 ืึทืจืืึทื ื ืขืืขื:
- ืืึทืืืืืืง ืึทืจืืขื ืืื ืืืจืืืขืงืึธืื ืฆื ืึทืคึผืืึทืืืื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืืื ื. ืื ื ืืึทืข ืฆืืืืึทื ืื ืงืืืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืขื ืฉืืึทืืืช ืฆื ืื ืึทืงืกืขืืขืจืืืฉืึทื ืืื ืื ืืื ืข-ืืืคึผืืืืืึทื ื ืคืื ืคืื ืงืฆืืข ืจืืคื, ืื ื ืืฆื ืคืื ืฉื ืขื ืื ืืขืจืคึผืจืึทืืขืจื ืคืื ืืืคึผืืฉ ืึทืคึผืขืจืืืฉืึทื ื (x+x, x*x, xx, a[i], a[i] = z, f( arg) C (ืึทืจื), ืึธ.ืืขืืึธื (), ืึธ.ืึทืืืจ = ื, *ืกืขืง), ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืึทืคึผืืึทืืึทืืืืฉืึทื ื ืฆืืืขืืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืกืื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืึธืืคึผื ืคึผืจืึทืืืฉืขืงืก. ืืขืคึผืขื ืืื ื ืืืืฃ ืืขื ืืืคึผ ืคืื ืืึทืกืข, ืขืก ืืื ืึท ืคืึทืจืืจืขืกืขืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืงืืึทื ืคืื ืืืจืืคืืจืื ื ืงืึธื ืืืจื 10-60%. ืืื ืืืจืืฉื ืืืืขื, ืื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืืื ื ืืืขื ืืืจืืืขืืื ืืขื ืื ืคึผืขืจืคืึธืจืืึทื ืกืข ืคึผืจืืืืจื ืกืืืื ืืื ืืขืืืืงืกื ืืื 25%.
ืื ืืืืขืงืึธืืข ืงืึทืืฉืื ื ืืขืงืึทื ืืืึทื ืืื ืจืืืืืืื ื, ืืืึธืก ืจืืืืกื ืื ืกืืึทืจืืึทืคึผ ืฆืืื ืคืื ืื ืืืขืจืืขืฆืขืจ ืืื 10-15%. ืึธืืืืฉืขืงืฅ ืืื ืงืึธื ืืื ืืืืขืงืึธืืข ืืขื ืขื ืืืฆื ืกืืึทืืืงืื ืึทืืึทืงืืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืืขืจืืขืฆืขืจ, ืืืึธืก ืืขืืืื ืขืก ืืขืืืขื ืฆื ืขืืืืื ืืจื ืื ืกืืึทืืขืก ืคืื ืื ืืึทืจืฉืึทืืื ื ืื ืืืืืขืงืึธื ืืงืกืืจืึทืงืืื ืคืื ืื ืงืึทืฉ ืืื ืงืึทื ืืืขืจืืื ื ืึทืืืืฉืขืงืฅ ืืื ืงืึธื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืืืืกืืึทื ื ืืื ืืื ืึทืืืฉ ืืึผืจืื.
- ืืืขื ืืืืึทืื ืืืง ืจืืคื ืืจืึทืกืขืก ืืื ืืืึทืื ืึธืกืืืง ืึทืจืืืงืืขื, ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืื ืฆืืืขืฉืืขืื ืืืขืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจืืง ืืืึธืก ืืึธื ืืขืคึฟืืจื ืืขื ืืขืืช (ืคืจืืขืจ, ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ืึธื ืืืืืืืื ื ืืืึธืก ืืืื ืคืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืขืคึฟืืจื ืืขื ืืขืืช). ืขืงืกืืขื ืืขื ืืจืืืกืื ื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืืจืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืึทืคึผื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ื ืฆื ืืึทืคึผืข ืืื ืกืืจืืงืฆืืขืก ืคืื ืืืื ืืืืขืงืึธืืข ืฆื ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆืืคืืฉ ืฉืืขืืข ืืื ืื ืืงืืจ ืงืึธื ื ืืฆื ืื codeobject.co_positions () ืืืคึฟื ืึธืืขืจ ืื PyCode_Addr2Location () C API ืคืื ืงืฆืืข. ืืขืจ ืขื ืืขืจืื ื ืืืืขืจ ืกืืืคึผืืึทืคืืื ืืืืึทืืื ื ืคึผืจืึธืืืขืืก ืคึฟืึทืจืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืกืืขื ืืืขืจืืขืจืืื ืึทืืืืฉืขืงืฅ, ืงืืืคื ืคึฟืื ืงืฆืืข ืงืึทืืืก ืืื ืงืึธืืคึผืืขืงืก ืึทืจืืืืขืืืง ืืืืกืืจืืงื. ืืจืึทืกืขืืึทืงืง (ืื ืืขืฆืืข ืจืืคื): ืืขืงืข "calculation.py", ืฉืืจื 54, ืืื ืจืขืืืืืึทื = (ืจืขื ืืืขื / ื / ื) * (ืึท / ื / C) ~~~~~~^~~ ืืขืจืึธืืืืืืกืืึธื ืืขืืช: ืึธืคึผืืืื ืืืจื ื ืื
- ืึทืืืขื ืฉืืืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืืคึผืขืก ืคืื ืืืืกื ืขืืขื, ืืขืื ืืขื ืคึผืจืึธืืจืึทื ืื ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ืืืฉืขื ืขืจืืื ืืื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขืก ืขืืืขืืข ืคืึทืจืฉืืืขื ืข ืืืืกื ืขืืขื ืืื ืืขืจ ืืขืืืืงืขืจ ืฆืืื. ื ืื ืืืืคึผืก ืคืื ืืืืกื ืขืืขื ExceptionGroup ืืื BaseExceptionGroup ืืขื ืขื ืคืืจืืขืืืืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืจืืคึผืื ื ืขืืืขืืข ืืืืกื ืขืืขื ืืื ืืืืขืจ ืฉืืึธืก ืื ืืืึทืงืืืฉืึทื, ืืื ืืขืจ ืืืืกืืจืืง "ืืืฅ *" ืืื ืฆืืืขืืขืื ืฆื ืืึทืืื ืืขืจ ืืืืกื ืขืืขื ืคืื ืึท ืืจืืคึผืข.
- ืื add_note () ืืืคึฟื ืืื ืฆืืืขืืืืื ืฆื ืื BaseException ืงืืึทืก, ืืืึธืก ืึทืืึทืื ืืืจ ืฆื ืฆืืืฉืขืคึผืขื ืึท ืืขืงืกื ืืึธื ืฆื ืื ืืืกื ืขื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืฆื ืืืืื ืงืึธื ืืขืงืกืืืึทื ืืื ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทืฆืืข ืืืึธืก ืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืขืจ ืฆืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืืกื ืขื ืืื ืืจืื ืืขืืืืจืคื.
- ื ืกืคึผืขืฆืืขืืข ืืืคึผ ืืื ืืื ืฆืืืขืืืืื ืฆื ืคืึธืจืฉืืขืื ืืขื ืงืจืึทื ื ืคึผืจืืืืึทื ืงืืึทืก. ืืื ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืขื ืืฆื ืฆื ืึทื ืึทืืืื ืืขืืืึธืืก ืืืึธืก ืฆืืจืืงืงืืืขื ืึท ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืคืื ืืืืขืจ ืงืืึทืก ืืืืฃ ืึท ืกืืืคึผืืขืจ ืืืขื ืืื ื ืืฆื TypeVar. ืงืืึทืก MyLock: ืืขืค __ืขื ืืขืจ__ (ืืื) -> ืืื: self.lock () ืฆืืจืืงืงืืืขื ืืื
- ื ืกืคึผืขืฆืืขืืข ืืืืขืจืึทืืกืืจืื ื ืืืคึผ ืืื ืฆืืืขืืืืื ืืืึธืก ืงืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืึทืจืืึทื ื ืขืืขื ืฉืืจืืงื ืืืืขืจืึทืื ืืืึธืก ืืขื ืขื ืงืึทืืคึผืึทืืึทืืึทื ืืื ืื ืืืืขืจืึทืืกืืจืื ื ืืืคึผ (ื"ื ื ืึทืงืขื ืกืืจืื ืืก ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืก ืคืื ืื ืืืืขืจืึทืืกืืจืื ื ืืืคึผ, ืึธืืขืจ ื ืืฉื ืึทืจืืืืจืึทืจืืฉ ืึธืืขืจ ืงืึทืืืืื ื ืกืืจืื ืืก ืคืื ืื ืกื ืืืคึผ). ืื ืืืืขืจืึทืืกืืจืื ื ืืืคึผ ืงืขื ืขื ืืืื ืืขื ืืฆื ืฆื ืืึทืืจืขื ืขืฆื ืื ืืืจืืคืึธืจ ืคืื ืฉืืจืืงื ืึทืจืืืืขื ืื ืฆื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื, ืื ืึทืจืืืืจืึทืจืืฉ ืกืึทืืกืืืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ืคึผืึทืจืฅ ืคืื ืกืืจืื ืืก ืืื ืืืึธืก ืงืขื ืขื ืคืืจื ืฆื ืืืึทืื ืขืจืึทืืืืืืื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื, ืืืขื ืืืฉืขื ืขืจืืืืื ื ืกืืจืื ืืก ืคึฟืึทืจ SQL ืงืืืืจืื ืึธืืขืจ ืฉืึธื ืงืึทืืึทื ืื. def run_query (sql: LiteralString) -> ... ... ืืขืฃ ืงืึทืืืขืจ( ืึทืจืืืืจืขืจื_ืกืืจืื ื: str, query_string: LiteralString, ืืืฉ_ื ืึทืืข: LiteralString, ) -> ืงืืื: run_query ("SELECT * FROM ืกืืืืขื ืื") # ok run_query (literal_string) # ok run_query( "SELECT * FROM" + literal_string) # ok run_query(arbitrary_string) # Error run_query(# Error f"SELECT * FROM students WHERE name = {arbitrary_string}")
- ืื TypeVarTuple ืืืคึผ ืืื ืฆืืืขืืขืื, ืืืึธืก ืึทืืึทืื ืื ื ืืฆื ืคืื ืืืขืจืืึทืืึทื ืืืฉืึทื ืขืจืืงืก, ื ืื ืขื ืืขื TypeVar, ืงืึทืืืขืจืื ื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืคึผ, ืึธืืขืจ ืึท ืึทืจืืืืจืึทืจืืฉ ื ืืืขืจ ืคืื ืืืืคึผืก.
- ืืขืจ ื ืึธืจืืึทื ืืืืืืึธืืขืง ืืืื ืื ืืึธืืืื ืืึธืืืืข ืืื ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืึทืจืกืื ื ืื TOML ืคึฟืึธืจืืึทื.
- ืื ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ืฆืืืื ืืืื ืขืืขืืขื ืื ืคืื ืืืืคึผื ืืืงืฉืึทื ืขืจืื (TypedDict) ืืื ืื Required ืืื NotRequired ืืึทืจืงืก ืืื ืฆืืืขืฉืืขืื ืฆื ืืึทืฉืืืกื ืคืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทื ืคืขืืืขืจ (ืืืจื ืคืขืืืงืืึทื, ืึทืืข ืืขืจืงืืขืจื ืคืขืืืขืจ ืืขื ืขื ืคืืจืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืืขืืขืจ ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืึทืฉืืืื ืฆื ืคืึทืืฉ). class Movie(TypedDict): title: str year: NotRequired[int] m1: Movie = {"title": "Black Panther", "year": 2018} # OK m2: Movie = {"title": "Star Wars" } # ืืื (ืื ืืึธืจ ืคืขืื ืืื ืึทืคึผืฉืึทื ืึทื) m3: ืคึฟืืื = {"ืืึธืจ": 2022} # ืืขืืช, ืื ืคืืจืืื ืื ืืืื ืคืขืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืึธื ืืขืคืืื)
- ืื ืืึทืกืงืืจืึธืืคึผ ืงืืึทืก ืืื ืฆืืืขืืืืื ืฆื ืื ืึทืกืื ืกืืึธ ืืึธืืืืข ืืื ืื ืืืคึผืืึทืืขื ืืืืฉืึทื ืคืื ืึท ืืืกืื ืืงืจืึทื ืึทืก ืงืึธื ืืขืงืกื ืคืึทืจืืืึทืืืขืจ ืืืึธืก ืืืึทืจืื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื ืึทืจืืขื ืืจืืคึผืข ืฆื ืคืึทืจืขื ืืืงื. ืึทืืื ื ืืึทืกืงืก ืฆื ืึท ืืจืืคึผืข ืืื ืืืจืืืขืงืึธืื ืืื ืื create_task () ืืืคึฟื. async def main(): ืึทืกืื ืง ืืื asyncio.TaskGroup() ืืื tg: task1 = tg.create_task(some_coro(...)) task2 = tg.create_task(anther_coro(...)) print("ืืืืืข ืืึทืกืงืก ืืึธืื ืืขืขื ืืืงื ืืืฆื.")
- ืฆืืืขืืขืื ืงืืึทืก, ืืืคึฟื ืืื ืคืื ืงืฆืืข ืืขืงืขืจืืืืขืจ @dataclass_transform, ืืืขื ืกืคึผืขืกืืคืืขื, ืื ืกืืึทืืืง ืืืคึผ ืืฉืขืงืขืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืคืขืฅ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืฆื ืื @dataclasses.dataclass ืืขืงืขืจืืืืขืจ. ืืื ืืขื ืืืึทืฉืคึผืื ืืื ืื, ืื CustomerModel ืงืืึทืก ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืคึผ-ืึธืคึผืืขืฉืืขืื ืืื ืึท ืงืืึทืก ืืื ืื @dataclasses.dataclass ืืขืงืขืจืืืืขืจ, ื"ื. ืืื ืึท __init__ ืืืคึฟื ืึทื ืึทืืึทืื ืฉืืึทื ืืื ื ืึธืืขื ืืืขืจืืึทืืึทืื. @dataclass_transform() ืงืืึทืก ืืึธืืขืืืึทืกืข: โฆ ืงืืึทืก CustomerModel(ModelBase): ืฉืืึทื: int ื ืึธืืขื: str
- ืฆืืืขืืืืื ืื ืคืืืืงืืื ืฆื ื ืืฆื ืึทืืึธืืืฉืข ืืจืืคึผืื ื ((?>...)) ืืื ืืืคืขืจืืืืืืืง (ืคืึทืจืืืืขืจื) ืงืืืึทื ืืืคืืขืจืก (*+, ++, ?+, {m,n}+) ืืื ืจืขืืืืขืจ ืืืืกืืจืืงื.
- ืฆืืืขืืขืื "-P" ืืึทืคึฟืขืื ืฉืืจื ืึธืคึผืฆืืข ืืื PYTHONSAFEPATH ืกืืืืืืข ืืืึทืืขืืืืืง ืฆื ืืืกืืืืึทื ืึธืืึทืืึทืืืง ืึทืืึทืืฉืืึทื ื ืคืื ืคึผืึทืืขื ืืฉืึทืื ืึทื ืกืืืฃ ืืขืงืข ืคึผืึทืืก ืฆื sys.path.
- ืืืืืืืืง ืืืคึผืจืืืื ืื py.exe ื ืืฆื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื Windows ืคึผืืึทืืคืึธืจืืข, ืืืึธืก ืืืฆื ืฉืืืฆื ืื "-V:" ืกืื ืืึทืงืก. / "ืืื ืืขืจืฆื ืฆื "- . ".
- ืคืืืข ืืึทืงืจืึธืก ืืื ืื C API ืืขื ืขื ืงืึธื ืืืขืจืืขื ืฆื ื ืึธืจืืึทื ืึธืืขืจ ืกืืึทืืืง ืื ืืื ืข ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื.
- ืื uu, cgi, ืคึผืืืคึผืก, crypt, aifc, chunk, msilib, telnetlib, audioop, nis, sndhdr, imghdr, nntplib, spwd, xdrlib, cgitb, mailcap, ossaudiodev ืืื sunau ืืึทืืืฉืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืืคึผืจืืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืึทืืืขืงืืขื ืืืขื ืืื ืื ืคึผืืืืึธื 3.13 ืืขืืืื ื. ืึทืืืขืงืืขื ืืืขื PyUnicode_Encode * ืคืึทื ืืงืฉืึทื ื.
ืืงืืจ: opennet.ru