"ื’ืึธืœื“ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืขืœื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ" ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง - 2

ื“ืึธืก ืงืึทืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ "ื’ืึธืœื“ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืขืœื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ" ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง - ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืก? ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื‘ืข. ื–ืืœ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืขืคืขืจืขื ืฉืึทืœ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืžืึธื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ืจ: ื˜ืึธืกื™ื ื’ ืึท ืžืึทื˜ื‘ื™ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืค ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืงืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคึผืจื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืึทื–:

ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ "ืงืขืค" ืึธื“ืขืจ "ืขืงืŸ" ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืœื™ื™ึทืš ืคึผืจืึทื‘ืึทื‘ืึทืœ - 50 ืฆื• 50%
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืืจืคื˜ ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืืคื ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื˜ื‘ื™ื™ืข ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืืคื ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข.

ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื–, ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืงืขืค ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื•ืงื™ืกื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืขืค (ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื˜-ืคืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืŸ) ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืžืึทืฉืžืึธืขืก, ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ึทืขืจื“ื™ืง ืœืึธืกืกืขืก. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึธื ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ืกืขืจื™ืข.

ื•ื•ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ (ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื›ืึทื–ืขืจื•ื ื’, ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึทืคืก ืื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื‘ืข), ืื™ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืขืงืื ืืžื™ืฉืข ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ - ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืกืคืขืจื™ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžื˜ื‘ืข - ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืจืขื’ื•ืœืขืจ-ืคืจืื‘ื‘ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืข ืคืืจืฉืคืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืžืคึผื™ืจื™ืงืึทืœ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ ืึท Lorenz ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข (ื–ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืขืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ "ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช"). ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžื™ื ืขืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ืง ืขืจืจืึธืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืึทืคึผืจืึทืงืกืึทืžื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ืขื ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ื’ ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื™ึทืœืขื›ื™ืง ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–ื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ (ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ืงืขืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืคืขืจื˜ืœ). ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ื™ื ื“ื™ืงื™ื™ืฅ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืจืขืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืกื™ื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–ื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–ื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืงืื ืืžื™ืข (ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื‘ืข) ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ืžืึทื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื•ื ื“ื–. ืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ "ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜" ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’. "ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜" ื“ืึธ ืจืขืคืขืจืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ืฆืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ.

ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืกืขื’ืžืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทื ื“ืึทืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœื™ ืขื ืœืขืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืกื™ืคื™ืงืก.

ืคื™ืจืžืข ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช

ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืœืขืึธื ืึทืจื•ืก ื•ื•.1.02 ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืึทื ืฅ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ (ื–ืขืŸ. www.leonarus.ru/?p=1368) ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื•ื™ื™ืฅ ืกืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืขื ื˜ื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื™ื ื˜ืึทื’ืจืึทืœ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืกืกืขืกืก ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ, ื•ื•ืืจืขื ื•ื ื’ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืฉืึทืจืฃ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื.

ืกืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื– ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืคืจื™ื™ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืžืึทืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื•ื•ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™.

"ื’ืึธืœื“ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืขืœื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ" ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง - 2

ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ื– ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื™ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืงืกืกืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืึทืกืกืขืกืก ื“ื™ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ืžืึทื ืฅ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ื‘ื•ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข.

ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืกืกืขืกืก ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทื ืงืจืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื’ืึทืœ ืขื ื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื– ืื™ื– ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื™ื ื’ืœื™ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜.

ืื™ืŸ 2017, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 9 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืคึผืจืึทื ืขืจื– ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืจืŸ. ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ื‘ืึทื ืงืจืึธื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืึทื– ื‘ืขืขืจืขืš 30% ืคึฟืึทืจืžืึทื›ื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื•ืจื›ืคืึทืœ.

ื‘ื™ื–ื ืขืก ื‘ืึทื ืงืจืึธื˜ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ 2017. ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 13,5 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื ื’ืงืจืึทืคึผื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 7,7%. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคืขืจื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ 2018, 3,17 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืขื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจื™ืกืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ื™ื ืกืึทืœื•ื•ืึทื ื˜. ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 5%.

ื“ื™ Leonarus v.1.02 ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืกื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช, ื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืึท ืคืึทืจืงืœืขื ืขืจืŸ / ืคืึทืจื’ืจืขืกืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜: ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ืคึผืจืึทืคื™ื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™. ืขื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจ ืœืึธืจืขื ื– ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืขืงืกืคึผืึธื ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืคื™ื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœื™ื˜ื™ (Bueva, T. M. (2002). ืึทืคึผืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืœืึธืจืขื ื– ืงื•ืจื•ื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืึธื ื“ ืึทืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก).

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’: ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืกืึทืœื– ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื›ืึทื•ืกื›ืึธื•ืœื“ื–. ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉืคื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืคืืจื–ืืจื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืคืจืื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืขืก, ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืกืคืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ื“ืขืœื™ืงืืฆื™ืขืก, ืกื™ืžืคืœืขืจ ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืงืื›ืŸ, ื’ืขืจืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืจืฅ, ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื”ื•ื™ื–ื’ืขื–ื™ื ื“ ื›ืขืžื™ืงืืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื–ืืžืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื•ื•ืื ื˜ื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ... ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืืจื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืคืืœืŸ. .

ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจ ืœืึธืจืขื ื– ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข, ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ืื™ื– ืคืึทื ืึทื ืฉืึทืœื™ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืจื˜ - ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทื–ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ - ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืœืึทืคึผ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึท ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ ื‘ืึทืœืขื‘ืึธืกื˜ืข ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืจืึทืกื˜ื™ืง ื‘ื•ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜ ืฉื ื™ื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ ืžืึธื“ืข, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขื“ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื–ื™ื›ืขืจื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื™ืกืžื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื‘ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทืงืกืึทื“ืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืœืึทืคึผืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื’ืขืœื˜.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืคืึธืจืขื ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืึธืง-ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ืึทืงืœื™ ื™ื ืึทืงืกืขืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก. ื ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ ... ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื” ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟื™ืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ "ืœืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’" ืœืขืึธื ืึทืจื•ืก ื•ื•.1.02 ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืกืŸ.

ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืžืขื ื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ ืึทืกืขืกืžืึทื ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ืงืึธืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืงืœืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืžืขื˜ื”ืึธื“ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืกืกืขืกืก ื“ื™ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกืžืึทื ื˜, ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื– ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ืžืึทื˜ื™ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ Lorenz ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข.

ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžืฆื ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ื™ืง ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขืคื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ืงืึทื ืงืœื•ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ืขืึธืจืขื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืึธืงืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ www.leonarus.ru, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืงืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–ื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืก, ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืคืึทืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืคืึธืจืกื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืึทืคึผืžืึทื ืฅ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืขืจืฉื˜ "ืœืึธืกืขื ืขืกืก" ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ื–. ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜, ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ืžืกืชึผืžื ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทื ื ืขืจ / ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืขื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ-ืจืขื’ื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ื™ื•ื• ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉืึทืœืึทื ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื.

ื“ื™ ืึทืกืึทืžืคึผืฉืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจืึทืคื™ื ื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืึทื ืกื™ื“ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื•ืจื›ืฉื ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ืงืึธืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ื•ื ืžืึทืงืึทื ื™ืงืก. ืื‘ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึธืŸ ื ืึธืš ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ื˜ืฉืึทืจื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืŸ ืึท ื™ื ืคืึธืจืžื“ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกืžืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก. ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจื•ื•ืืจืคืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืžืึทืš ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜.

ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืงื ื

ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืื™ื– ืคืืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืึท ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืึทื ืกืขืจื˜ืึทื ื˜ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื ืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืฆื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืกืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึธื ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืึทื ืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืจื–. ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึธืฅ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคืขืจืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืื“ื™ื ื’ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื ืขืžื˜ ืึธืจื˜, ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžืึทืœ (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ืฆืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืขื ื˜ื™ื˜ื™) ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ Lorenz ื“ื™ืึทื’ืจืึทืžืข. ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ "ื’ืึธืœื“ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืขืœื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ" ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื ื•ืฆื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก.

"ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขืจื™ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉืœืึทื›ื˜, ืคึผืœืึทื ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืคืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทื ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืฉืึทืฅ."
ื“. ืื™ื™ื–ื ื”ืื•ืขืจ, ืงืืžืื ื“ื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืœื™ืื™ืจื˜ืข ืงืจืขืคื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืจืืคืข (1944โ€”1945)

ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื•ืœืงื™ื™ื˜:

ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืกื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ http://www.leonarus.ruAntoniou, I., Ivanov, V.V., Korolev, Y.L., Kryanev, A.V., Matokhin, V.V., & Suchaneckia, Z. (2002). ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื ื˜ืจืึธืคึผื™. ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืึท ื, 304, 525-534.
Haritonov, V. V., Kryanev, A. V., & Matokhin, V. V. (2008). ื“ื™ ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืคึผืึธื˜ืขื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขืžืขืŸ. ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืึทืฆื™ืึธื ืึทืœืข ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืงืœืขืึทืจ ื’ืึทื•ื•ืขืจื ืึทื ืก, ืขืงืื ืืžื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืึธืœืึธื’ื™, 2, 131-145.
ืœืึธืจืขื ืฅ, ืž. ืึธ. (ื™ื•ื ื™ 1905). ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกืึทื ื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืึทืกืกืึธืกื™ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ, 9 (70), ื–ื– 209-219.
ืžื™ื ืฆื‘ืขืจื’, ื” (1973). ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ืจื™ืึทืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜. ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง: Harper&Row.
Prigogine, I. R. (1962). ื ื™ื˜-ื™ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื‘ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืžืึทืงืึทื ื™ืงืก. ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง-ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ: ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืกื™ืขื ืกืข ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึทื’ืŸ ืึท ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ John Wiley & Sons.
Rasche, R. H., Gaffney, J., Koo, A. Y., & Obst, N. (1980). ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ืคืืจืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ Lorenz ื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ื’. ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžืขื˜ืจื™ืงืึท, 48, 1061-1062.
Robbins, L. (1969 [1935]). ืึทืŸ ืขืกื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ (2nd ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืขื“.). ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ: ืžืึทืงืžื™ืœืึทืŸ.
Halle, M. (1995). ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜. (ื™.ื. ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืขื’ืึธืจืึธื•ื•, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’) ืž: ืจืก"ื”.
Allais, M. (1998). ืขืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืึทืœืึทื ืก ื˜ืขืึธืจืขื.
Bueva, T. M. (2002). ืึทืคึผืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ืึทืคื™ื™ื“ ืœืึธืจืขื ื– ืงื•ืจื•ื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜. ื™ืึธืฉืงืึทืจ-ืึธืœืึท.
ื“ืึธืจืึธืฉืขื ืงืึธ, ืž.ืข. (ืงืกื ื•ืžืงืก). ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื‘ืจื™ืึทื ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืงืจืึธื•ื™ืงืึทื ืึทืžื™ืง ืžืึธื“ืขืœืก. ืž: ืคื™ื™ื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜, TEIS.
ืงืึธื˜ืœื™ืึทืจ, ืค (1989). ืžืึทืจืงืขื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึทืกื™ืงืก. (/. ื–. ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืœ.) ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข: ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืขืก.
ืงืจื™ืึทื ืขื•ื•, ืึท. ื•ื•., ืžืึทื˜ืึธื›ื™ืŸ, V. V., & Klimanov, S. G. (1998). ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืงืื ืืžื™ืข. ืž: ืคึผืจืขืคึผืจื™ื ื˜ MEPhI.
Prigogine, I. R. (1964). ื ื™ื˜-ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื‘ืจื™ืึทื ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืžืึทืงืึทื ื™ืงืก. (ืคึผ.ืก. ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’) ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข: ืžื™ืจ.
Suvorov, A. V. (2014). ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื’. (ืž. ื˜ืขืจืฉื™ื ื”, ืขื“.) ืž: ืขืงืกืžืึธ.
ื”ืขืœืคืขืจื˜, ืข (1996). ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ืึทื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก / ื˜ืจืึทื ืก. ืคื•ืŸ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ (ืœ.ืค. ื‘ืขืœืš, ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืœ.) ืž: ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื™ื˜ื™.

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