ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™

ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™

ื•ื•ื™ Spotify ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธื ืก, RFCs, ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ. ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทืคึผืึทื ื– ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข ื’ื•ื“ื™ื–.

ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ื˜ืึธื’, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– Spotify ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื“ื™ืง ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื™ื™ื–ืžืึทื ืฅ ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ืžืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื“. ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื™ึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืึทืจื•ืก. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึท "ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜" ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื›ืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื˜-ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ Spotify

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, Spotify ื”ืื˜ ืึท ืžืึธื“ื ืข ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง. ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืฆื• ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข: ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคื™ืœ ืฆื• ืžืขื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจ - ืœื™ื™ืึทื, ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ ืงืึทืจื˜ืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฆืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ PayPal, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึทืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืฉื•ื“ื ืข ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืกื“ืจ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืจื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข, ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืึทืœืฅ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืกืงื˜ืึทืคึผ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข. ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื–. ื ืึธืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืข ืึธื ืขืก.

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืขืก ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜?

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ื–ืฉื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืงืก-ืคึผืจืึธืงืกื™ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ Spotify ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื– ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืึทืงืก ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœืึธื’ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ืคึผืœื•ืก, ื“ืขื•ื•ืขืœืึธืคึผืขืจืก ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™: ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืœืึทื•ื™ื ื’ ืขืก, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื›ื™ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื ื’ ืขืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ืงื™ื ื’ ืขืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ ื”ืขื›ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืึทื ืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงื•ืกื™ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง-ืคึผืœืึทืฅ.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืฉืœืึธืกืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ื  ื–ื™ืš ืึทื ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืžืขืจ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข.

ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ื“ืึธ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคืจืขื’ืŸ: ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ssh ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืœื™ืกืœ -D ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ืฃ? ืื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืขืจืฉื˜ื ืก, ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืžืึธื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฆืขืจื™ืกืขื ืข ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก: ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื•ื“ื ืข.

ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืงืœืื ื’

ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืฆื• ืจืขื›ื˜ืก, ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ "ืคึผืฉื•ื˜" ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™

ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืึทืœื˜ืขืจื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ:

  • ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืœื™ืง (ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืึทื ืจื™ืœื™ื™ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ื– ื˜ืขื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื ื•ืœ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ / ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืกืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช, ืคื™ืœื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทื‘ืกื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืื™ืŸ Spotify ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืคืŸ (ื ื•, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš HTTP_PROXY ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืžื ื”ื’ ืจืึทืคึผืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืึทืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜).
  • ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึท ืขื ืœืขืš ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืื•ืŸ ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขืžืก ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื“ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ Spotify, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.
  • ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ื’ืขืกื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.

ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ืคืึทืœ, ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืึทืจื•ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“. ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธื•ืœื“ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืคืจืืงืกื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืก. ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ืงืึทื ืึทืกืขืจื– ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจืึทื•ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื“-ื•ื•ืจื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขื ืœืขืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ื•ืืจื’. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืงืœืืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืขืก: ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืคื™ืฉ - ื ื™ื˜ ื™ื ืกืคึผื™ื™ืขืจื™ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืึท ื”ื˜ื˜ืคึผ ืคืจืืงืกื™, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืคื™ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืึทืจื•ื. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ SOCKS ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ืœื™ืง ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ื“ืึทื ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื ืึธืš. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืขืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ.

ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ื•ืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ Dante ืฆื• ื™ื ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจ. ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ื’ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืกืึธืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ client pass, socks pass, ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ socksmethod: username. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึธืจืขื, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ืึธืคึผืึทืกืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜: ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึทืงืกืขืก ืฆื• ืœืึธืงืึทืœื”ืึธืกื˜, ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื ื™ืฆืขืจืก, ืืื–"ื• ื• - ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืจืึทื ืึธื™ืึท.

ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืคื™ื™ืกื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื ืขืฅ

ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืขืกืข ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืงื˜ืŸ.

ืึทืงื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ

ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืจืืงืกื™, ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืงืกืขืก ืขืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ื•ื•ืขื‘. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืึธืœืขื ื”ืึธืคึผืงืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื•ื ื˜. ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ (ืžื™ืจ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื›ืึธื•ืกื˜ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื˜ 'ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ) ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ืจืึทืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP ืื™ื– ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉืœืึทื ื“, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื™ืึธ, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืคืจืขื’ืŸ: ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื’ื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ngrok ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขื ืœืขืš? ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืก, ืขืก ื“ืืจืฃ ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขืžืื ื™ื–ื™ืจื˜, ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืงืืกื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ื™ื ื’. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ืงืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขืงืœ ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืก.

ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜: ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ NAT, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืคึผืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืœื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึท ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ืฆื• ื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืึทืœื•ื•ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืคืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ื ื’ (ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื™ืžืคึผืœืึทืžืขื ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ-ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ssh), ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืึทืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ ื™ื™ึทื–ื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ื ืขืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ. ืžื™ื˜ ssh ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, autossh ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื•ื“ื ืข ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื ืขืžืขืŸ OpenVPN.

DigitalOcean ื”ืื˜ ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืžืึทื ื•ืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื–ืึทืœื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ OpenVPN ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ systemd. ื ืึธืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืขืก (ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’) ืื™ืŸ /etc/openvpn/client/ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืœืขื ื’ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• .conf. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื, ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ [email protected]ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืขืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ enable ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื– ืืœืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื’ืŸ.

ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ ื‘ืืฉืืคืŸ VPN, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืึธืจืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืคึผื™ืœืงืข.

ืื•ืŸ ื™ืึธ, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜. ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ifconfig-pool-persist, ืจืขื“ืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ ipp.txt, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ OpenVPN ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ client-config-dir, ืคึผืœื•ืก ืจืขื“ืึทื’ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ifconfig-push ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืžืึทืกืงืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก.

ืืงื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ "ื ืขืฅ" ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขื’ืึธื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ. ื ื™ื™ืžืœื™, ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืขืก.

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืึท ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜: ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืงืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืขืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืก ืคึผืึธืจืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜ืขื“ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืขืœ ื ืขืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜.

ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’: ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืก iptables! ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึท ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื?

ื“ื™ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉืขื”, ืึท ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ืึทื“ ื ืขืจื•ื•ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืคื™ืฉ ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ.

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืขืจืŸ. ื“ื™ ื–ืืš ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ipv4.ip_forward ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืขื ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื“ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืฅ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ.

ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆื• ืื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.8.0.2:8080

ื“ืึธ ืžื™ืจ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืงืคึผ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผืึธืจื˜ 8080 ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ ืฆื• ืึท ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ IP 10.8.0.2 ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ 8080.

ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึธื‘ ื“ืขื˜ืึทื™ืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ netfilter, iptables ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ... ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜. ืžืขืจ ื’ืขื ื•ื™, ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืงืก ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืคืœื™ืขืก ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ Dante ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืจ ื˜ืจืืคื ืก ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทืžืขืจื™ ืฆื• ืฉื™ืงืŸ ืึท ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฆื• ืื™ื™ืŸ IP ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ื“ื–ืฉืขืจ.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP. ื“ืึธ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืขืจื’ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ iptables ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ ื“ืขืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืึทื“ืจืขืก ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ (PREROUTING), ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืขืก, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืขืงืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• default gateway. ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข: ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื™ื˜ mangle, ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึทืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš iptables ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึทื ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื ื”ื’ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื• ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ.

ื ื™ื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขืฉืขืŸ:

iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 8080 -j MARK --set-mark 0x80
ip rule add fwmark 0x80 table 80
ip route add default via 10.8.0.1 dev tun0 table 80

ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทื•ื˜ื’ืึธื•ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ, ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืœื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ (ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ 8080), ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื•ืžืขืจ 80 (ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืคืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขืคึผืขืก, ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืฆื•) ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ , ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืข ืคึผืึทืงื™ืฅ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืŸ ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜.

ื’ืจื•ื™ืก! ืื™ืฆื˜ ืคืœื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืงืึทืฅ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืก ... ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ VPS ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืŸ, ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืขืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืึทืœ ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฅ:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source 172.42.1.10

ื“ืึธ, ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 10.8.0.0 ืกื•ื‘ื ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืกืงืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹255.255.255.000 ืื™ื– ืืœื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืงืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ-NAT ืื•ืŸ ืคืœื™ืขืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื–ืึทืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคึผืขืจืึทื ื˜ ืคืึธืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืจื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ื“ื™ ื™ื ืงืึทืžื™ื ื’ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืคึผืก ื’ืœื™ื™ึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคืจืืงืกื™. ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžืขืจ.

ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืœืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜: ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื– ืึทืœืข ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’ืก iptables ะธ route ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืจื˜. ืคึฟืึทืจ iptables ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื˜ืขืงืขืก ื•ื•ื™ /etc/iptables/rules.v4(ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื•), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืจื•ืฅ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืžืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜. ืื™ืš ืคึผื•ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ up/down OpenVPN ืกืงืจื™ืคึผืก, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืš ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืžืขืจ ื“ื™ืกืึทื ื˜ืœื™.

ื™ื™ึทื ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึผืœืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™

ืึทื–ื•ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“, ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก IP ืึทื“ืจืขืก. ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ ืคืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Spotify ื“ืึธืจื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื ื•ืึทื ืก, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื“ื™ ืœืึธื’ื™ืŸ-ืฉืคึผืจื™ื›ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืงืกื™ ืื™ืŸ Spotify ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ืขืก.

ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืคืจืืงืกื™. ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืฉื˜ืึธืคึผืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืงืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืกื˜ืึทืจืฉื™ืคึผ ($ 40). ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœืึธื’ื•ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืขืง (ื™ืึธ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืŸ ืฆื• ืžื•ื–ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืขืง). ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’: ืคึผืจืึธืงืกื™ืžืึทืง. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฆื•ืคึฟืจื™ื“ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผืŸ ืื™ื.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฅ-ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื ื”ื’ ืงืขืจืŸ ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ MacOS, ื˜ืขืงืข ืึท ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืงืึทื ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ึทื’ ื”ืื˜ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ื•ื•ื™ Spotify: ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธืจืŸ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืœืึธื’ื™ืŸ-ืคึผืึทืจืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกืึทืงืก-ืคึผืจืึธืงืกื™.

ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ืึธ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ืคืจื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืขืžื™ืข ... ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜! ืœืืžื™ืจ ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ืืœ ืขืก ืคืืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืืคืขืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ! ื–ืืœ ืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ืœืขื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื›ืึทืจื˜ื‘ืจื™ื™ืงื™ื ื’ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืžืึทื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ืึท ืžืึทืงื‘ืึธืึธืง ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ.

ืžื™ ืจ ืฐืขืœ ืŸ ื–ื™ ืš ืฐื™ื“ืข ืจ ืฆืขืจื™ืืŸ . ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื™ื•ื’ื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ C, ืงืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ ืžืึธื“ืข ืื™ืŸ Dante, ื’ืจืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ืœืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืึธื’ืก, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• RFC1927 ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ SOCKS5 ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืงื•ืง ืื™ืŸ Xcode ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ ืงืึธื•ื“ื– ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธื˜ืขื ื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืกื˜ืึทืจืฅ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืœืึทืงื•ื•ืขืจืง. ืžื™ืจ ืคืจื™ื™ืขืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื“ื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™, ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื•ื  - ื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ื ื˜.

ืึธื˜ืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืขืก

ืึทืžืึธืœ Proximac ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ืขืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธื ื™ื™ื–ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคึผืึทืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ MacOS, ื ื™ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืึธื ื˜ืฉื˜.

ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืขืก ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืžืึทื ื•ืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข systemd ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืึท ืฉืขืคึผ ืื•ืŸ xml. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ื•ื•ื™ status, restart, daemon-reload. ื ืึธืจ ื›ืึทืจื“ืงืึธืจ ืžื™ืŸ start-stop, list-grep, unload-load ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืขืจ ืžืึธื“ื ืข. ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขื ืžื™ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ plist, ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื ื’. ืืจื‘ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืžื™ืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืฉืขื“, ื“ื™ื‘ืึทื’ ืขืก, ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืจื˜ ENV ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• PATH ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ, ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืขื ื”ืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ (ืึทื“ื™ื ื’ /sbin ะธ /usr/local/bin) ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืกืึธืฃ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื•ื˜ืึธืกื˜ืึทืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข.

ื•ื™ืกืึธื˜ืขืžืขืŸ

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜? ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืึท ืงื ื™ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืฉืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื. ื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืึธืคืขืงื“ื™ืง ื˜ืขื›ื ื™ืฉ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง "ืื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ืขืก!"

ืคึผืก: ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึท ืจื•ืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ืงืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืึทืœื™ืกืฅ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฉืคึผืึธืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืœืขืš ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื›ื™ื˜ืจืข, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืŸ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืกืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’