🥇Docker Compose: lati idagbasoke si iṣelọpọ

Itumọ itumọ adarọ-ese ti a pese sile ni ifojusona ti ibẹrẹ iṣẹ-ẹkọ naa "Alakoso Linux"

Docker Compose jẹ ohun elo iyalẹnu fun ṣiṣẹda iṣẹ kan
ayika fun akopọ ti a lo ninu ohun elo rẹ. O faye gba o lati setumo
paati kọọkan ti ohun elo rẹ, ni atẹle sintasi mimọ ati irọrun ninu YAML-
awọn faili.

Pẹlu awọn dide ti docker kọ v3 awọn faili YAML wọnyi le ṣee lo taara ni agbegbe iṣelọpọ nigba ṣiṣẹ pẹlu
iṣupọ Docker fọn.

Ṣugbọn eyi tumọ si pe o le lo faili docker-compose kanna ni
ilana idagbasoke ati ni agbegbe iṣelọpọ? Tabi lo faili kanna fun
iṣeto? O dara, ni gbogbogbo, bẹẹni, ṣugbọn fun iṣẹ ṣiṣe yii a nilo atẹle naa:

Ayipada interpolation: lilo awọn oniyipada ayika fun diẹ ninu awọn
awọn iye ti o yipada ni agbegbe kọọkan.
Iṣeto ni idojuk: agbara lati ṣalaye iṣẹju-aaya (tabi eyikeyi
miiran ti o tẹle) faili docker-compose ti yoo yi nkan pada nipa
akọkọ, ati docker compose yoo ṣe abojuto apapọ awọn faili mejeeji.

Awọn iyatọ laarin idagbasoke ati awọn faili iṣelọpọ

Lakoko idagbasoke, o ṣeese yoo fẹ lati ṣayẹwo awọn iyipada koodu ninu
akoko gidi. Lati ṣe eyi, nigbagbogbo iwọn didun pẹlu koodu orisun ti gbe sinu
eiyan ti o ni awọn akoko asiko isise fun ohun elo rẹ. Ṣugbọn fun agbegbe iṣelọpọ
Ọna yii ko dara.

Ni iṣelọpọ, o ni iṣupọ pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn apa, ati iwọn didun jẹ agbegbe
ojulumo si ipade lori eyi ti rẹ eiyan (tabi iṣẹ) nṣiṣẹ, ki o ko
o le gbe koodu orisun laisi awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe eka ti o pẹlu
amuṣiṣẹpọ koodu, awọn ifihan agbara, ati bẹbẹ lọ.

Dipo, a nigbagbogbo fẹ lati ṣẹda aworan kan pẹlu ẹya kan pato ti koodu rẹ.
O jẹ aṣa lati samisi pẹlu aami ti o yẹ (o le lo itumọ-ọrọ
ti ikede tabi eto miiran ni lakaye rẹ).

Iṣeto ni idojuk

Fi fun awọn iyatọ ati pe awọn igbẹkẹle rẹ le yatọ ni awọn oju iṣẹlẹ
idagbasoke ati iṣelọpọ, o han gbangba pe a yoo nilo awọn faili iṣeto ni oriṣiriṣi.

Docker ṣajọ ṣe atilẹyin iṣakojọpọ awọn faili akojọpọ oriṣiriṣi si
gba ik iṣeto ni. Bii eyi ṣe n ṣiṣẹ ni a le rii ninu apẹẹrẹ:

$ cat docker-compose.yml
version: "3.2"

services:
  whale:
    image: docker/whalesay
    command: ["cowsay", "hello!"]
$ docker-compose up
Creating network "composeconfigs_default" with the default driver
Starting composeconfigs_whale_1
Attaching to composeconfigs_whale_1
whale_1  |  ________
whale_1  | < hello! >
whale_1  |  --------
whale_1  |     
whale_1  |      
whale_1  |       
whale_1  |                     ##        .
whale_1  |               ## ## ##       ==
whale_1  |            ## ## ## ##      ===
whale_1  |        /""""""""""""""""___/ ===
whale_1  |   ~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ /  ===- ~~~
whale_1  |        ______ o          __/
whale_1  |                     __/
whale_1  |           __________/
composeconfigs_whale_1 exited with code 0

Gẹgẹbi a ti sọ, docker ṣajọ awọn atilẹyin apapọ ọpọlọpọ awọn akopọ -
awọn faili, eyi ngbanilaaye lati fagilee ọpọlọpọ awọn paramita ninu faili keji. Fun apere:

$ cat docker-compose.second.yml
version: "3.2"
services:
  whale:
    command: ["cowsay", "bye!"]

$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.second.yml up
Creating composeconfigs_whale_1
Attaching to composeconfigs_whale_1
whale_1  |  ______
whale_1  | < bye! >
whale_1  |  ------
whale_1  |     
whale_1  |      
whale_1  |       
whale_1  |                     ##        .
whale_1  |               ## ## ##       ==
whale_1  |            ## ## ## ##      ===
whale_1  |        /""""""""""""""""___/ ===
whale_1  |   ~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ /  ===- ~~~
whale_1  |        ______ o          __/
whale_1  |                     __/
whale_1  |           __________/
composeconfigs_whale_1 exited with code 0

Sintasi yii ko rọrun pupọ lakoko idagbasoke, nigbati aṣẹ naa
yoo nilo lati ṣee ṣe ni ọpọlọpọ igba.

Ni Oriire, docker compose laifọwọyi n wa faili pataki kan ti a pe
docker-compose.override.yml lati idojuk awọn iye docker-compose.yml... Ti o ba ti a
tun lorukọ faili keji, o gba abajade kanna, lilo aṣẹ atilẹba nikan:

$ mv docker-compose.second.yml docker-compose.override.yml
$ docker-compose up
Starting composeconfigs_whale_1
Attaching to composeconfigs_whale_1
whale_1  |  ______
whale_1  | < bye! >
whale_1  |  ------
whale_1  |     
whale_1  |      
whale_1  |       
whale_1  |                     ##        .
whale_1  |               ## ## ##       ==
whale_1  |            ## ## ## ##      ===
whale_1  |        /""""""""""""""""___/ ===
whale_1  |   ~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ /  ===- ~~~
whale_1  |        ______ o          __/
whale_1  |                     __/
whale_1  |           __________/
composeconfigs_whale_1 exited with code 0

O dara, iyẹn rọrun lati ranti.

Interpolation ti Oniyipada

Awọn faili iṣeto ni atilẹyin interpolation
oniyipada ati aiyipada iye. Iyẹn ni, o le ṣe awọn atẹle:

services:
  my-service:
    build:
      context: .
    image: private.registry.mine/my-stack/my-service:${MY_SERVICE_VERSION:-latest}
...

Ati pe ti o ba ṣe docker-kọ kọ (tabi titari) lai oniyipada ayika
$MY_SERVICE_VERSION, iye yoo ṣee lo titunṣugbọn ti o ba ṣeto
iye oniyipada ayika ṣaaju ki o to kọ, yoo ṣee lo nigbati o ba kọ tabi titari
si iforukọsilẹ ikọkọ.registry.mi.

Awọn ilana mi

Awọn ọna ti o ṣiṣẹ fun mi le ṣiṣẹ fun ọ paapaa. Mo tẹle awọn wọnyi
Awọn ofin ti o rọrun:

Gbogbo awọn akopọ mi fun iṣelọpọ, idagbasoke (tabi awọn agbegbe miiran) ni asọye nipasẹ
docker-kọ awọn faili
Awọn faili atunto nilo lati bo gbogbo awọn agbegbe mi, bi o ti ṣee ṣe
yago fun išẹpo.
Mo nilo aṣẹ kan ti o rọrun lati ṣiṣẹ ni agbegbe kọọkan.
Iṣeto akọkọ jẹ asọye ninu faili naa docker-compose.yml.
Awọn oniyipada ayika ni a lo lati ṣalaye awọn afi aworan tabi omiiran
awọn oniyipada ti o le yatọ lati agbegbe si agbegbe (ipese, isọpọ,
iṣelọpọ).
Awọn iye ti awọn oniyipada iṣelọpọ ni a lo bi awọn iye fun
nipa aiyipada, yi minimizes awọn ewu ti o ba ti akopọ ti wa ni se igbekale ni gbóògì lai
ṣeto ayika oniyipada.
Lati bẹrẹ iṣẹ kan ni agbegbe iṣelọpọ, lo aṣẹ naa docker stack deploy - compose-file docker-compose.yml -with-registry-auth my-stack-name.
Ayika iṣẹ bẹrẹ ni lilo aṣẹ naa docker-ṣajọ soke -d.

Jẹ ki a wo apẹẹrẹ ti o rọrun.

# docker-compose.yml
...
services:
  my-service:
    build:
      context: .
    image: private.registry.mine/my-stack/my-service:${MY_SERVICE_VERSION:-latest}
    environment:
      API_ENDPOINT: ${API_ENDPOINT:-https://production.my-api.com}
...

# docker-compose.override.yml
...
services:
  my-service:
    ports: # This is needed for development!
      - 80:80
    environment:
      API_ENDPOINT: https://devel.my-api.com
    volumes:
      - ./:/project/src
...

Mo le lo docker-compose (docker-compose soke)lati ṣiṣe awọn akopọ ni
ipo idagbasoke pẹlu koodu orisun ti a gbe sinu /ise agbese/src.

Mo le lo awọn faili kanna ni iṣelọpọ! Ati pe Mo le dajudaju lo
kanna faili docker-compose.yml fun iṣeto. Lati faagun eyi si
gbóògì, Mo ti o kan nilo a Kọ ki o si fi awọn aworan pẹlu kan telẹ tag
ni ipele CI:

export MY_SERVICE_VERSION=1.2.3
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml build
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml push

Ni iṣelọpọ, eyi le ṣee ṣiṣẹ nipa lilo awọn aṣẹ wọnyi:

export MY_SERVICE_VERSION=1.2.3
docker stack deploy my-stack --compose-file docker-compose.yml --with-registry-auth

Ati pe ti o ba fẹ ṣe kanna lori ipele, o kan nilo lati ṣalaye
awọn oniyipada ayika ti o yẹ fun ṣiṣẹ ni agbegbe iṣeto:

export MY_SERVICE_VERSION=1.2.3
export API_ENDPOINT=http://staging.my-api.com
docker stack deploy my-stack --compose-file docker-compose.yml --with-registry-auth

Bi abajade, a lo awọn faili oriṣiriṣi meji docker-compose, eyiti laisi
Awọn atunto pidánpidán le ṣee lo fun eyikeyi agbegbe ti o ni!

Kọ ẹkọ diẹ sii nipa ẹkọ naa "Alakoso Linux"

orisun: www.habr.com

Docker Compose: lati idagbasoke si iṣelọpọ

Awọn iyatọ laarin idagbasoke ati awọn faili iṣelọpọ

Iṣeto ni idojuk

Interpolation ti Oniyipada

Awọn ilana mi

Fi ọrọìwòye kun Fagilee esi