🥇 Mimojuto iṣẹ ibeere PostgreSQL. Apá 1 - Iroyin

Engineer - nipo lati Latin - atilẹyin.
Onimọ-ẹrọ le ṣe ohunkohun. (c) R. Diesel.
Epigraphs.

Tabi itan kan nipa idi ti olutọju data nilo lati ranti siseto rẹ ti o ti kọja.

Ọrọ iṣaaju

Gbogbo awọn orukọ ti yipada. Awọn coincidences wa ni ID. Ohun elo naa duro fun ero ti ara ẹni ti onkọwe nikan.

AlAIgBA ti awọn atilẹyin ọja: jara ti awọn nkan ti a gbero kii yoo ni alaye alaye ati apejuwe deede ti awọn tabili ati awọn iwe afọwọkọ ti a lo. Awọn ohun elo ko le ṣee lo lẹsẹkẹsẹ "BI IS".
Ni akọkọ, nitori iwọn didun ohun elo,
keji, nitori awọn sunmọ ibasepo pẹlu awọn ipilẹ gbóògì ti a gidi onibara.
Nitorinaa, awọn nkan yoo ni awọn imọran ati awọn apejuwe nikan ni fọọmu gbogbogbo julọ.
Boya ni ọjọ iwaju eto naa yoo dagba si ipele ti a firanṣẹ lori GitHub, tabi boya rara. Akoko yoo han.

Ibẹrẹ itan naa - "Ṣe o ranti bi gbogbo rẹ ṣe bẹrẹ».
Kini o ṣẹlẹ bi abajade, ni awọn ofin gbogbogbo julọ - ”Akopọ bi ọkan ninu awọn ọna fun ilọsiwaju iṣẹ PostgreSQL»

Kini idi ti Mo nilo gbogbo eyi?

Daradara, akọkọ, ki o má ba gbagbe, iranti awọn ọjọ ologo ni ifẹhinti.
Ni ẹẹkeji, lati ṣe eto ohun ti a kọ. Nitori nigba miiran Mo bẹrẹ lati ni idamu ati gbagbe awọn ẹya kan.

O dara, ati ohun ti o ṣe pataki julọ ni pe o le wa ni ọwọ fun ẹnikan ki o ṣe iranlọwọ fun wọn lati yago fun atunṣe kẹkẹ ati ki o ko gba rake kan. Ni awọn ọrọ miiran, mu karma rẹ dara (kii ṣe Khabrov's). Nitoripe ohun ti o niyelori julọ ni agbaye ni awọn ero. Ohun akọkọ ni lati wa imọran kan. Ṣugbọn titan imọran sinu otito jẹ ibeere imọ-ẹrọ odasaka.

Nitorinaa, jẹ ki a bẹrẹ, diẹ nipasẹ diẹ…

Ilana ti iṣoro naa.

Wa:

PostgreSQL(10.5) database, adalu fifuye iru (OLTP+DSS), alabọde-ina fifuye, be ninu AWS awọsanma.
Ko si ibojuwo data; ibojuwo amayederun ti pese ni irisi awọn irinṣẹ AWS boṣewa ni iṣeto ni iwonba.

O nilo:

Bojuto iṣẹ ṣiṣe ati ipo data data, wa ati ni alaye akọkọ fun mimuju awọn ibeere aaye data wuwo.

Finifini ifihan tabi igbekale ti ojutu awọn aṣayan

Lati bẹrẹ pẹlu, jẹ ki a gbiyanju lati ṣe itupalẹ awọn aṣayan fun lohun iṣoro naa lati oju wiwo ti itupalẹ afiwe ti awọn anfani ati awọn aila-nfani fun ẹlẹrọ, ati jẹ ki awọn ti o ni ẹtọ si ni ibamu si iṣeto oṣiṣẹ ṣiṣẹ pẹlu awọn anfani ati adanu ti isakoso.

Aṣayan 1 - “Ṣiṣẹ lori ibeere”

A fi ohun gbogbo silẹ bi o ṣe jẹ. Ti alabara ko ba ni itẹlọrun pẹlu nkan kan ninu iṣẹ ṣiṣe, iṣẹ data tabi ohun elo, yoo sọ fun awọn onimọ-ẹrọ DBA nipasẹ imeeli tabi nipa ṣiṣẹda iṣẹlẹ kan ninu atẹ tikẹti.
Onimọ-ẹrọ, ti o ti gba ifitonileti naa, yoo loye iṣoro naa, funni ni ojutu kan tabi fi iṣoro naa si adiro ẹhin, nireti pe ohun gbogbo yoo yanju funrararẹ, ati lonakona, ohun gbogbo yoo gbagbe laipẹ.
Gingerbread ati awọn donuts, ọgbẹ ati awọn bumpsGingerbread ati awọn donuts:
1. Ko si ye lati ṣe ohunkohun afikun.
2. Anfani nigbagbogbo wa lati ṣe awawi ati dabaru.
3. Pupọ akoko ti o le lo ni ipinnu tirẹ.
Awọn ọgbẹ ati awọn ọgbẹ:
1. Laipẹ tabi nigbamii, alabara yoo ronu nipa pataki ti aye ati idajọ agbaye ni agbaye yii ati tun beere lọwọ ararẹ ni ibeere naa - kilode ti MO fi san owo mi fun wọn? Abajade nigbagbogbo jẹ kanna - ibeere nikan ni nigbati alabara yoo rẹwẹsi ati ki o dabọ. Ati awọn atokan yoo ṣofo. O jẹ ibanujẹ.
2. Engineer idagbasoke - odo.
3. Awọn iṣoro ni siseto iṣẹ ati ikojọpọ

Aṣayan 2- “Jijo pẹlu tambourines, nya si ati wọ bata”

Ìpínrọ 1Kini idi ti a nilo eto ibojuwo, a yoo gba ohun gbogbo pẹlu awọn ibeere. A nṣiṣẹ opo kan ti gbogbo iru awọn ibeere si iwe-itumọ data ati awọn iwo ti o ni agbara, tan-an gbogbo iru awọn iṣiro, fi ohun gbogbo sinu awọn tabili, ati ṣe itupalẹ awọn atokọ ati awọn tabili lorekore. Bi abajade, a ni lẹwa tabi kii ṣe awọn aworan ti o lẹwa, awọn tabili, awọn ijabọ. Ohun akọkọ ni lati ni diẹ sii, diẹ sii.
Ìpínrọ 2-A ṣe ipilẹṣẹ iṣẹ ṣiṣe ati ṣe ifilọlẹ itupalẹ gbogbo eyi.
Ìpínrọ 3-A ngbaradi iwe-ipamọ kan, a pe iwe yii ni irọrun - “bawo ni o ṣe le ṣeto data data kan.”
Ìpínrọ 4-Onibara, ti o rii gbogbo ẹwa ti awọn aworan ati awọn nọmba, wa ninu ọmọde, igbẹkẹle alaigbọwọ - ni bayi ohun gbogbo yoo ṣiṣẹ fun wa, laipẹ. Ati pe, o ni irọrun ati laisi irora pẹlu awọn orisun inawo rẹ. Isakoso naa tun ni igboya pe awọn onimọ-ẹrọ wa ṣiṣẹ nla. Ikojọpọ ni o pọju.
Ìpínrọ 5-Tun Igbesẹ 1 nigbagbogbo.
Gingerbread ati awọn donuts, ọgbẹ ati awọn bumpsGingerbread ati awọn donuts:
1. Igbesi aye awọn alakoso ati awọn onise-ẹrọ jẹ rọrun, asọtẹlẹ ati ki o kún fun iṣẹ-ṣiṣe. Ohun gbogbo ti n pariwo, gbogbo eniyan n ṣiṣẹ lọwọ.
2. Igbesi aye alabara tun ko buru - o ni idaniloju nigbagbogbo pe o kan nilo lati ni sũru diẹ ati pe ohun gbogbo yoo ṣiṣẹ. Ko dara, daradara, aye jẹ aiṣododo, ni igbesi aye ti nbọ iwọ yoo ni orire.
Awọn ọgbẹ ati awọn ọgbẹ:
1. Laipẹ tabi nigbamii, olupese iṣẹ ti o yara yoo wa ti yoo ṣe ohun kanna, ṣugbọn din owo diẹ. Ati pe ti abajade ba jẹ kanna, kilode ti o san diẹ sii. Eyi ti yoo tun ja si isonu ti atokan.
2. O jẹ alaidun. Bawo ni alaidun eyikeyi iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti ko ni itumọ.
3. Gẹgẹbi ninu ẹya ti tẹlẹ, ko si idagbasoke. Ṣugbọn fun ẹlẹrọ, apa isalẹ ni pe, ko dabi aṣayan akọkọ, o nilo lati ṣe ina IBD nigbagbogbo. Ati pe eyi gba akoko. Eyi ti o le na fun anfani ti olufẹ rẹ. Nitoripe o ko le ṣe abojuto ararẹ, ko si ẹnikan ti o funni ni ipalara nipa rẹ.

Aṣayan 3 - Iwọ ko nilo lati ṣẹda kẹkẹ kan, o kan nilo lati ra ati gùn.

Kii ṣe fun ohunkohun ti awọn onimọ-ẹrọ lati awọn ile-iṣẹ miiran jẹ pizza pẹlu ọti (oh, awọn ọjọ ogo ti St. Petersburg ni awọn 90s). Jẹ ki a lo awọn ọna ṣiṣe ibojuwo ti a ṣe, yokokoro ati ṣiṣẹ, ati anfani ni gbogbogbo (daradara, o kere si awọn ẹlẹda wọn).
Gingerbread ati awọn donuts, ọgbẹ ati awọn bumpsGingerbread ati awọn donuts:
1. Ko si ye lati padanu akoko lati wa pẹlu nkan ti o ti ṣe tẹlẹ. Gbé e lo.
2. Awọn eto ibojuwo ko ni kikọ nipasẹ awọn aṣiwere ati pe wọn jẹ, dajudaju, wulo.
3. Awọn ọna ṣiṣe ibojuwo ṣiṣẹ nigbagbogbo pese alaye filtered to wulo.
Awọn ọgbẹ ati awọn ọgbẹ:
1. Onimọ-ẹrọ ninu ọran yii kii ṣe ẹlẹrọ, ṣugbọn olumulo kan ti ọja ẹlomiran. Tabi olumulo kan.
2. Onibara gbọdọ ni idaniloju ti iwulo lati ra nkan ti, ni gbogbogbo, ko fẹ lati ni oye, ati pe ko yẹ, ati ni gbogbogbo isuna fun ọdun ti fọwọsi ati kii yoo yipada. Lẹhinna o nilo lati pin awọn orisun lọtọ ati tunto rẹ fun eto kan pato. Awon. akọkọ o nilo lati sanwo, sanwo ati sanwo lẹẹkansi. Oníbàárà sì máa ń ṣeni. Eyi ni iwuwasi ti igbesi aye yii.

Kini lati ṣe - Chernyshevsky? Ibeere rẹ ṣe pataki pupọ. (Pẹlu)

Ni ọran yii pato ati ipo lọwọlọwọ, o le ṣe diẹ yatọ si - jẹ ki ká ṣe ara wa monitoring eto.

O dara, kii ṣe eto kan, nitorinaa, ni oye kikun ti ọrọ naa, ti o pariwo pupọ ati igberaga, ṣugbọn o kere ju bakan ṣe iṣẹ-ṣiṣe rẹ rọrun ati gba alaye diẹ sii lati yanju awọn iṣẹlẹ iṣẹ. Ni ibere ki o má ba ri ara rẹ ni ipo kan - "lọ sibẹ, Emi ko mọ ibiti, wa nkan, Emi ko mọ kini."

Kini awọn anfani ati alailanfani ti aṣayan yii:

Aleebu:
1. Eleyi jẹ awon. O dara, o kere ju o nifẹ diẹ sii ju igbagbogbo “faili data idinku, paarọ aaye tabili, ati bẹbẹ lọ.”
2. Wọnyi ni o wa titun ogbon ati titun idagbasoke. Ewo, pẹ tabi ya, yoo fun ọ ni gingerbread ti o tọ si daradara ati awọn donuts.
Konsi:
1. Iwọ yoo ni lati ṣiṣẹ. Se ise daadaa.
2. Iwọ yoo ni lati ṣe alaye nigbagbogbo itumọ ati awọn ireti ti gbogbo awọn iṣẹ.
3. Nkankan yoo ni lati rubọ, nitori pe orisun nikan ti o wa fun ẹlẹrọ - akoko - ni opin nipasẹ Agbaye.
4. Awọn buru ati julọ unpleasant ohun - abajade le jẹ akọmalu bi “Kii ṣe eku, kii ṣe ọpọlọ, ṣugbọn ẹranko ti a ko mọ.”

Awọn ti ko gba awọn ewu ko mu champagne.
Nitorina - igbadun naa bẹrẹ.

Gbogbogbo agutan - schematically

(Àpèjúwe ya lati article «Akopọ bi ọkan ninu awọn ọna fun ilọsiwaju iṣẹ PostgreSQL»)

Alaye:

Ifaagun PostgreSQL boṣewa “pg_stat_statements” ti fi sori ẹrọ ni ibi ipamọ data ibi-afẹde.
Ninu aaye data ibojuwo, a ṣẹda ṣeto awọn tabili iṣẹ fun titoju itan-akọọlẹ pg_stat_statements ni ipele ibẹrẹ ati fun eto awọn metiriki ati ibojuwo ni ọjọ iwaju
Lori agbalejo ibojuwo, a ṣẹda ṣeto ti awọn iwe afọwọkọ bash, pẹlu awọn ti o ṣẹda awọn iṣẹlẹ ni eto tikẹti.

Awọn tabili iṣẹ

Ni akọkọ, ERD ti o rọrun sikematiki, kini o ṣẹlẹ ni ipari:

Finifini apejuwe ti awọn tabiliipari - agbalejo, aaye asopọ si apẹẹrẹ
database - database sile
pg_stat_itan - tabili itan kan fun titoju awọn fọto igba diẹ ti iwo pg_stat_statements ti ibi ipamọ data ibi-afẹde
metric_gilosari - itumọ ti awọn metiriki iṣẹ
metric_config - iṣeto ni ti olukuluku metiriki
metiriki - metiriki kan pato fun ibeere ti o jẹ abojuto
metric_alert_history - itan ti awọn ikilo iṣẹ
log_query - tabili iṣẹ kan fun titoju awọn igbasilẹ itọka lati faili log PostgreSQL ti a ṣe igbasilẹ lati AWS
ipilẹṣẹ - awọn paramita ti awọn akoko akoko ti a lo bi ipilẹ
ibi ayẹwo - iṣeto ni awọn metiriki fun ṣayẹwo ipo data data
checkpoint_alert_history - itan ikilọ ti awọn metiriki ṣayẹwo ilera data data
pg_stat_db_queries - tabili iṣẹ ti awọn ibeere ti nṣiṣe lọwọ
iṣẹ_log - tabili iṣẹ log iṣẹ
pakute_oid - pakute iṣeto ni tabili iṣẹ

Ipele 1 - gba alaye iṣiro nipa iṣẹ ṣiṣe ati gba awọn ijabọ

A lo tabili lati tọju alaye iṣiro pg_stat_itan
pg_stat_history tabili be

                                          Tabili "public.pg_stat_history" Ọwọn | Iru | Awọn oluyipada ------------------------------------------------- ------------------- id | odidi | kii ṣe aiyipada nextval ('pg_stat_history_id_seq':: regclass) snapshot_timestamp | timestamp lai agbegbe aago | database_id | odidi | dbid | odidi | olumulo | odidi | queryid | nla | ìbéèrè | ọrọ | awọn ipe | nla | total_time | ė konge | min_akoko | ė konge | max_akoko | ė konge | mean_time | ė konge | stddev_akoko | ė konge | awọn ori ila | nla | pín_blks_hit | nla | pín_blks_read | nla | pín_blks_dirtied | nla | pín_blks_written | nla | local_blks_hit | nla | local_blks_read | nla | local_blks_dirtied | nla | local_blks_written | nla | temp_blks_read | nla | temp_blks_written | nla | blk_read_akoko | ė konge | blk_write_akoko | ė konge | baseline_id | odidi | Awọn atọka: "pg_stat_history_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) "database_idx" btree (database_id) "queryid_idx" btree (queryid) "snapshot_timestamp_idx" btree (snapshot_timestamp) Ajeji-bọtini RE_NCORE_FATAPATAKERE_FIDES database (id ) LORI KAASCADDE PA

Bi o ti le rii, tabili naa jẹ data wiwo akopọ nikan pg_stat_gbólóhùn ninu awọn afojusun database.

Lilo tabili yii rọrun pupọ

pg_stat_itan yoo ṣe aṣoju awọn iṣiro ikojọpọ ti ipaniyan ibeere fun wakati kọọkan. Ni ibẹrẹ wakati kọọkan, lẹhin ti o kun tabili, awọn iṣiro pg_stat_gbólóhùn tun pẹlu pg_stat_statements_reset().
akiyesi: A gba awọn iṣiro fun awọn ibeere pẹlu iye akoko ṣiṣe ti o ju iṣẹju 1 lọ.
Olugbejade tabili pg_stat_history

--pg_stat_history.sql
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pg_stat_history( ) RETURNS boolean AS $$
DECLARE
  endpoint_rec record ;
  database_rec record ;
  pg_stat_snapshot record ;
  current_snapshot_timestamp timestamp without time zone;
BEGIN
  current_snapshot_timestamp = date_trunc('minute',now());  
  
  FOR endpoint_rec IN SELECT * FROM endpoint 
  LOOP
    FOR database_rec IN SELECT * FROM database WHERE endpoint_id = endpoint_rec.id 
	  LOOP
	    
		RAISE NOTICE 'NEW SHAPSHOT IS CREATING';
		
		--Connect to the target DB	  
	    EXECUTE 'SELECT dblink_connect(''LINK1'',''host='||endpoint_rec.host||' dbname='||database_rec.name||' user=USER password=PASSWORD '')';
 
        RAISE NOTICE 'host % and dbname % ',endpoint_rec.host,database_rec.name;
		RAISE NOTICE 'Creating snapshot of pg_stat_statements for database %',database_rec.name;
		
		SELECT 
	      *
		INTO 
		  pg_stat_snapshot
	    FROM dblink('LINK1',
	      'SELECT 
	       dbid , SUM(calls),SUM(total_time),SUM(rows) ,SUM(shared_blks_hit) ,SUM(shared_blks_read) ,SUM(shared_blks_dirtied) ,SUM(shared_blks_written) , 
           SUM(local_blks_hit) , SUM(local_blks_read) , SUM(local_blks_dirtied) , SUM(local_blks_written) , SUM(temp_blks_read) , SUM(temp_blks_written) , SUM(blk_read_time) , SUM(blk_write_time)
	       FROM pg_stat_statements WHERE dbid=(SELECT oid from pg_database where datname=current_database() ) 
		   GROUP BY dbid
  	      '
	               )
	      AS t
	       ( dbid oid , calls bigint , 
  	         total_time double precision , 
	         rows bigint , shared_blks_hit bigint , shared_blks_read bigint ,shared_blks_dirtied bigint ,shared_blks_written	 bigint ,
             local_blks_hit	 bigint ,local_blks_read bigint , local_blks_dirtied bigint ,local_blks_written bigint ,
             temp_blks_read	 bigint ,temp_blks_written bigint ,
             blk_read_time double precision , blk_write_time double precision	  
	       );
		 
		INSERT INTO pg_stat_history
          ( 
		    snapshot_timestamp  ,database_id  ,
			dbid , calls  ,total_time ,
            rows ,shared_blks_hit  ,shared_blks_read  ,shared_blks_dirtied  ,shared_blks_written ,local_blks_hit , 	 	
            local_blks_read,local_blks_dirtied,local_blks_written,temp_blks_read,temp_blks_written, 	
            blk_read_time, blk_write_time 
		  )		  
	    VALUES
	      (
	       current_snapshot_timestamp ,
		   database_rec.id ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.dbid ,pg_stat_snapshot.calls,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.total_time,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.rows ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_hit ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_read ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_dirtied ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_written , 
           pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_hit , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_dirtied , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_written , 
	       pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_written , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_read_time , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_write_time 	   
	      );		   
		  
        RAISE NOTICE 'Creating snapshot of pg_stat_statements for queries with min_time more than 1000ms';
	
        FOR pg_stat_snapshot IN
          --All queries with max_time greater than 1000 ms
	      SELECT 
	        *
	      FROM dblink('LINK1',
	        'SELECT 
	         dbid , userid ,queryid,query,calls,total_time,min_time ,max_time,mean_time, stddev_time ,rows ,shared_blks_hit ,
			 shared_blks_read ,shared_blks_dirtied ,shared_blks_written , 
             local_blks_hit , local_blks_read , local_blks_dirtied , 
			 local_blks_written , temp_blks_read , temp_blks_written , blk_read_time , 
			 blk_write_time
	         FROM pg_stat_statements 
			 WHERE dbid=(SELECT oid from pg_database where datname=current_database() AND min_time >= 1000 ) 
  	        '

	                  )
	        AS t
	         ( dbid oid , userid oid , queryid bigint ,query text , calls bigint , 
  	           total_time double precision ,min_time double precision	 ,max_time double precision	 , mean_time double precision	 ,  stddev_time double precision	 , 
	           rows bigint , shared_blks_hit bigint , shared_blks_read bigint ,shared_blks_dirtied bigint ,shared_blks_written	 bigint ,
               local_blks_hit	 bigint ,local_blks_read bigint , local_blks_dirtied bigint ,local_blks_written bigint ,
               temp_blks_read	 bigint ,temp_blks_written bigint ,
               blk_read_time double precision , blk_write_time double precision	  
	         )
	    LOOP
		  INSERT INTO pg_stat_history
          ( 
		    snapshot_timestamp  ,database_id  ,
			dbid ,userid  , queryid  , query  , calls  ,total_time ,min_time ,max_time ,mean_time ,stddev_time ,
            rows ,shared_blks_hit  ,shared_blks_read  ,shared_blks_dirtied  ,shared_blks_written ,local_blks_hit , 	 	
            local_blks_read,local_blks_dirtied,local_blks_written,temp_blks_read,temp_blks_written, 	
            blk_read_time, blk_write_time 
		  )		  
	      VALUES
	      (
	       current_snapshot_timestamp ,
		   database_rec.id ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.dbid ,pg_stat_snapshot.userid ,pg_stat_snapshot.queryid,pg_stat_snapshot.query,pg_stat_snapshot.calls,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.total_time,pg_stat_snapshot.min_time ,pg_stat_snapshot.max_time,pg_stat_snapshot.mean_time, pg_stat_snapshot.stddev_time ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.rows ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_hit ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_read ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_dirtied ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_written , 
           pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_hit , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_dirtied , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_written , 
	       pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_written , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_read_time , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_write_time 	   
	      );
		  
        END LOOP;

        PERFORM dblink_disconnect('LINK1');  
				
	  END LOOP ;--FOR database_rec IN SELECT * FROM database WHERE endpoint_id = endpoint_rec.id 
    
  END LOOP;

RETURN TRUE;  
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

Bi abajade, lẹhin igba diẹ ninu tabili pg_stat_itan a yoo ni kan ti ṣeto ti snapshots ti awọn akoonu tabili pg_stat_gbólóhùn ibi ipamọ data.

Iroyin gangan

Lilo awọn ibeere ti o rọrun, o le gba iwulo pupọ ati awọn ijabọ ti o nifẹ.

Awọn data akojọpọ fun akoko ti a fun

Beere

SELECT 
  database_id , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,SUM(total_time)  AS total_time ,
  SUM(rows) AS rows , SUM(shared_blks_hit)  AS shared_blks_hit,
  SUM(shared_blks_read) AS shared_blks_read ,
  SUM(shared_blks_dirtied) AS shared_blks_dirtied,
  SUM(shared_blks_written) AS shared_blks_written , 
  SUM(local_blks_hit) AS local_blks_hit , 
  SUM(local_blks_read) AS local_blks_read , 
  SUM(local_blks_dirtied) AS local_blks_dirtied , 
  SUM(local_blks_written)  AS local_blks_written,
  SUM(temp_blks_read) AS temp_blks_read, 
  SUM(temp_blks_written) temp_blks_written , 
  SUM(blk_read_time) AS blk_read_time , 
  SUM(blk_write_time) AS blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY database_id ;

DB Akoko

to_char(aarin '1 millisecond' * pg_total_stat_history_rec.total_time, 'HH24: MI: SS.MS')

I/O Akoko

to_char(aarin '1 millisecond' * ( pg_total_stat_history_rec.blk_read_time + pg_total_stat_history_rec.blk_write_time), 'HH24: MI: SS.MS')

TOP10 SQL nipasẹ lapapọ_akoko

Beere

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,
  SUM(total_time)  AS total_time  	
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT 
GROUP BY queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC 
LIMIT 10

------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY Lapapọ akoko ipaniyan | #| queryid| awọn ipe| awọn ipe%| total_time (ms) | dbtime % +----------------------------------------------+ ------------------------------ | 1| 821760255| 2| .00001|00:03:23.141(203141.681 ms.)| 5.42 | 2| 4152624390| 2| .00001|00:03:13.929(193929.215 ms.)| 5.17 | 3| 1484454471| 4| .00001|00:02:09.129 (129129.057 ms.)| 3.44 | 4| 655729273| 1| .00000|00:02:01.869 (121869.981 ms.)| 3.25 | 5| 2460318461| 1| .00000|00:01:33.113 ( 93113.835 ms.)| 2.48 | 6| 2194493487| 4| .00001|00:00:17.377( 17377.868 ms.)| .46 | 7| 1053044345| 1| .00000|00:00:06.156 ( 6156.352 ms.)| .16 | 8| 3644780286| 1| .00000|00:00:01.063 (1063.830 ms.)| .03

TOP10 SQL nipasẹ akoko I/O lapapọ

Beere

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,
  SUM(blk_read_time + blk_write_time)  AS io_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY  queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC 
LIMIT 10

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY Lapapọ Mo / O Akoko | #| queryid| awọn ipe| awọn ipe%| Akoko I/O (ms)|db I/O akoko % +----+------------------------+-- -------------------------------------------- --- -- | 1| 4152624390| 2| .00001|00:08:31.616( 511616.592 ms.)| 31.06 | 2| 821760255| 2| .00001|00:08:27.099 ( 507099.036 ms.)| 30.78 | 3| 655729273| 1| .00000|00:05:02.209(302209.137 ms.)| 18.35 | 4| 2460318461| 1| .00000|00:04:05.981(245981.117 ms.)| 14.93 | 5| 1484454471| 4| .00001|00:00:39.144( 39144.221 ms.)| 2.38 | 6| 2194493487| 4| .00001|00:00:18.182 (18182.816 ms.)| 1.10 | 7| 1053044345| 1| .00000|00:00:16.611( 16611.722 ms.)| 1.01 | 8| 3644780286| 1| .00000|00:00:00.436 (436.205 ms.)| .03

TOP10 SQL nipasẹ akoko ti o pọju ti ipaniyan

Beere

SELECT 
  id AS snapshotid , 
  queryid , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,  
  max_time 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
ORDER BY 4 DESC 
LIMIT 10

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY Max ipaniyan TIME | #| aworan | snapshotID| queryid| max_time (ms) +----+---+----------- --+------------------------------------------------ | 1| 05.04.2019/01/03 4169:655729273| 00| 02| 01.869: 121869.981: 2 (04.04.2019 ms.) | 17| 00/4153/821760255 00:01| 41.570| 101570.841| 3: 04.04.2019: 16 (00 ms.) | 4146| 821760255/00/01 41.570:101570.841| 4| 04.04.2019| 16: 00: 4144 (4152624390 ms.) | 00| 01/36.964/96964.607 5:04.04.2019| 17| 00| 4151: 4152624390: 00 (01 ms.) | 36.964| 96964.607/6/05.04.2019 10:00| 4188| 1484454471| 00: 01: 33.452 (93452.150 ms.) | 7| 04.04.2019/17/00 4150:2460318461| 00| 01| 33.113: 93113.835: 8 (04.04.2019 ms.) | 15| 00/4140/1484454471 00:00| 11.892| 11892.302| 9: 04.04.2019: 16 (00 ms.) | 4145| 1484454471/00/00 11.892:11892.302| 10| 04.04.2019| 17: 00: 4152 (1484454471 ms.) | 00| 00/11.892/11892.302 XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX: XNUMX: XNUMX (XNUMX ms.) | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)

TOP10 SQL nipasẹ ifipamọ PIN ka/kọ

Beere

SELECT 
  id AS snapshotid , 
  queryid ,
  snapshot_timestamp , 
  shared_blks_read , 
  shared_blks_written 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND
  ( shared_blks_read > 0 OR shared_blks_written > 0 )
ORDER BY 4 DESC  , 5 DESC 
LIMIT 10

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY PIPIN saarin KA/KỌ | #| aworan | snapshotID| queryid| pín ohun amorindun ka| awọn bulọọki ti o pin kọ +---------------------- ------------------------ | 1| 04.04.2019/17/00 4153:821760255| 797308| 0| 2| 04.04.2019 | 16| 00/4146/821760255 797308:0| 3| 05.04.2019| 01| 03 | 4169| 655729273/797158/0 4:04.04.2019| 16| 00| 4144| 4152624390 | 756514| 0/5/04.04.2019 17:00| 4151| 4152624390| 756514| 0 | 6| 04.04.2019/17/00 4150:2460318461| 734117| 0| 7| 04.04.2019 | 17| 00/4155/3644780286 52973:0| 8| 05.04.2019| 01| 03 | 4168| 1053044345/52818/0 9:04.04.2019| 15| 00| 4141| 2194493487 | 52813| 0/10/04.04.2019 16:00| 4147| 2194493487| 52813| 0 | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

Histogram ti pinpin awọn ibeere nipasẹ akoko ipaniyan ti o pọju

Awọn ibeere

SELECT  
  MIN(max_time) AS hist_min  , 
  MAX(max_time) AS hist_max , 
  (( MAX(max_time) - MIN(min_time) ) / hist_columns ) as hist_width
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT ;

SELECT 
  SUM(calls) AS calls
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND
  database_id =DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND 
  ( max_time >= hist_current_min AND  max_time < hist_current_max ) ;

|---------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- | MAX_TIME HISTOGRAM | Lapapọ awọn ipe: 33851920 | MIN TIME: 00:00:01.063 | Akoko ti o pọju: 00: 02: 01.869 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | min iye akoko| o pọju iye akoko| awọn ipe +------------------------------------------------- ------------------ | 00:00:01.063 (1063.830 ms.) | 00: 00: 13.144 (13144.445 ms.) | 9 | 00: 00: 13.144 (13144.445 ms.) | 00: 00: 25.225 (25225.060 ms.) | 0 | 00: 00: 25.225 (25225.060 ms.) | 00:00:37.305 (37305.675 ms.) | 0 | 00:00:37.305 (37305.675 ms.) | 00:00:49.386 (49386.290 ms.) | 0 | 00:00:49.386 (49386.290 ms.) | 00: 01: 01.466 (61466.906 ms.) | 0 | 00: 01: 01.466 (61466.906 ms.) | 00:01:13.547 (73547.521 ms.) | 0 | 00: 01: 13.547 (73547.521 ms.) | 00:01:25.628 (85628.136 ms.) | 0 | 00:01:25.628 (85628.136 ms.) | 00:01:37.708 (97708.751 ms.) | 4 | 00:01:37.708 (97708.751 ms.) | 00: 01: 49.789 (109789.366 ms.) | 2 | 00: 01: 49.789 (109789.366 ms.) | 00: 02: 01.869 (121869.981 ms.) | 0

TOP10 Snapshots nipasẹ Ìbéèrè fun keji

Awọn ibeere

--pg_qps.sql
--Calculate Query Per Second 
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pg_qps( pg_stat_history_id integer ) RETURNS double precision AS $$
DECLARE
 pg_stat_history_rec record ;
 prev_pg_stat_history_id integer ;
 prev_pg_stat_history_rec record;
 total_seconds double precision ;
 result double precision;
BEGIN 
  result = 0 ;
  
  SELECT *
  INTO pg_stat_history_rec
  FROM 
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE id = pg_stat_history_id ;

  IF pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp IS NULL 
  THEN
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'ERROR - Not found pg_stat_history for id = %',pg_stat_history_id;
  END IF ;  
  
 --RAISE NOTICE 'pg_stat_history_id = % , snapshot_timestamp = %', pg_stat_history_id , 
 pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ;
  
  SELECT 
    MAX(id)   
  INTO
    prev_pg_stat_history_id
  FROM
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE 
    database_id = pg_stat_history_rec.database_id AND
	queryid IS NULL AND
	id < pg_stat_history_rec.id ;

  IF prev_pg_stat_history_id IS NULL 
  THEN
    RAISE NOTICE 'Not found previous pg_stat_history shapshot for id = %',pg_stat_history_id;
	RETURN NULL ;
  END IF;
  
  SELECT *
  INTO prev_pg_stat_history_rec
  FROM 
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE id = prev_pg_stat_history_id ;
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'prev_pg_stat_history_id = % , prev_snapshot_timestamp = %', prev_pg_stat_history_id , prev_pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ;    

  total_seconds = extract(epoch from ( pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp - prev_pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ));
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'total_seconds = % ', total_seconds ;    
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'calls = % ', pg_stat_history_rec.calls ;      
  
  IF total_seconds > 0 
  THEN
    result = pg_stat_history_rec.calls / total_seconds ;
  ELSE
   result = 0 ; 
  END IF;
   
 RETURN result ;
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;


SELECT 
  id , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,
  calls , 	
  total_time , 
  ( select pg_qps( id )) AS QPS ,
  blk_read_time ,
  blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND
  ( select pg_qps( id )) IS NOT NULL 
ORDER BY 5 DESC 
LIMIT 10

|---------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 Snapshots ti paṣẹ nipasẹ awọn nọmba QueryPerSeconds ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | #| aworan | snapshotID| awọn ipe| apapọ dbtime| QPS| I/O akoko| Akoko I/O% +---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------- | 1| 04.04.2019/20/04 4161:5758631| 00| 06| 30.513:390513.926:1573.396 (00 ms.)| 00| 01.470:1470.110:376 (2 ms.)| .04.04.2019 | 17| 00/4149/3529197 00:11| 48.830| 708830.618| 980.332:00:12 (47.834 ms.)| 767834.052| 108.324:3:04.04.2019 (16 ms.)| 00 | 4143| 3525360/00/10 13.492:613492.351| 979.267| 00| 08: 41.396: 521396.555 ( 84.988 ms.)| 4| 04.04.2019:21:03 (4163 ms.)| 2781536 | 00| 03/06.470/186470.979 785.745:00| 00| 00.249| 249.865:134:5 (04.04.2019 ms.)| 19| 03:4159:2890362 (00 ms.)| .03 | 16.784| 196784.755 776.979:00| 00| 01.441| 1441.386:732:6 (04.04.2019 ms.)| 14| 00:4137:2397326 (00 ms.)| .04 | 43.033| 283033.854/665.924/00 00:00.024| 24.505| 009| 7:04.04.2019:15 (00 ms.)| 4139| 2394416:00:04 (51.435 ms.)| .291435.010 | 665.116| 00/00/12.025 12025.895:4.126| 8| 04.04.2019| 13: 00: 4135 (2373043 ms.)| 00| 04:26.791:266791.988 (659.179 ms.)| 00 | 00| 00.064 64.261:024| 9| 05.04.2019| 01:03:4167 (4387191 ms.)| 00| 06:51.380:411380.293 (609.332 ms.)| .00 | 05| 18.847/318847.407/77.507 10:04.04.2019| 18| 01| 4157:1145596:00 (01 ms.)| 19.217| 79217.372:313.004:00 (00 ms.)| 01.319 | 1319.676| 1.666/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)| XNUMX

Itan Ipaniyan Wakati pẹlu QueryPerSeconds ati Akoko I/O

Beere

SELECT 
  id , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,
  calls , 	
  total_time , 
  ( select pg_qps( id )) AS QPS ,
  blk_read_time ,
  blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
ORDER BY 2

|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| HOURLY EXECUTION HISTORY  WITH QueryPerSeconds and I/O Time
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| QUERY PER SECOND HISTORY
|    #|          snapshot| snapshotID|      calls|                      total dbtime|        QPS|                          I/O time| I/O time %
+-----+------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------+-----------
|    1|  04.04.2019 11:00|       4131|       3747|  00:00:00.835(       835.374 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .000 ms.)|       .000
|    2|  04.04.2019 12:00|       4133|    1002722|  00:01:52.419(    112419.376 ms.)|    278.534|  00:00:00.149(       149.105 ms.)|       .133
|    3|  04.04.2019 13:00|       4135|    2373043|  00:04:26.791(    266791.988 ms.)|    659.179|  00:00:00.064(        64.261 ms.)|       .024
|    4|  04.04.2019 14:00|       4137|    2397326|  00:04:43.033(    283033.854 ms.)|    665.924|  00:00:00.024(        24.505 ms.)|       .009
|    5|  04.04.2019 15:00|       4139|    2394416|  00:04:51.435(    291435.010 ms.)|    665.116|  00:00:12.025(     12025.895 ms.)|      4.126
|    6|  04.04.2019 16:00|       4143|    3525360|  00:10:13.492(    613492.351 ms.)|    979.267|  00:08:41.396(    521396.555 ms.)|     84.988
|    7|  04.04.2019 17:00|       4149|    3529197|  00:11:48.830(    708830.618 ms.)|    980.332|  00:12:47.834(    767834.052 ms.)|    108.324
|    8|  04.04.2019 18:01|       4157|    1145596|  00:01:19.217(     79217.372 ms.)|    313.004|  00:00:01.319(      1319.676 ms.)|      1.666
|    9|  04.04.2019 19:03|       4159|    2890362|  00:03:16.784(    196784.755 ms.)|    776.979|  00:00:01.441(      1441.386 ms.)|       .732
|   10|  04.04.2019 20:04|       4161|    5758631|  00:06:30.513(    390513.926 ms.)|   1573.396|  00:00:01.470(      1470.110 ms.)|       .376
|   11|  04.04.2019 21:03|       4163|    2781536|  00:03:06.470(    186470.979 ms.)|    785.745|  00:00:00.249(       249.865 ms.)|       .134
|   12|  04.04.2019 23:03|       4165|    1443155|  00:01:34.467(     94467.539 ms.)|    200.438|  00:00:00.015(        15.287 ms.)|       .016
|   13|  05.04.2019 01:03|       4167|    4387191|  00:06:51.380(    411380.293 ms.)|    609.332|  00:05:18.847(    318847.407 ms.)|     77.507
|   14|  05.04.2019 02:03|       4171|     189852|  00:00:10.989(     10989.899 ms.)|     52.737|  00:00:00.539(       539.110 ms.)|      4.906
|   15|  05.04.2019 03:01|       4173|       3627|  00:00:00.103(       103.000 ms.)|      1.042|  00:00:00.004(         4.131 ms.)|      4.010
|   16|  05.04.2019 04:00|       4175|       3627|  00:00:00.085(        85.235 ms.)|      1.025|  00:00:00.003(         3.811 ms.)|      4.471
|   17|  05.04.2019 05:00|       4177|       3747|  00:00:00.849(       849.454 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.006(         6.124 ms.)|       .721
|   18|  05.04.2019 06:00|       4179|       3747|  00:00:00.849(       849.561 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .051 ms.)|       .006
|   19|  05.04.2019 07:00|       4181|       3747|  00:00:00.839(       839.416 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .062 ms.)|       .007
|   20|  05.04.2019 08:00|       4183|       3747|  00:00:00.846(       846.382 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .007 ms.)|       .001
|   21|  05.04.2019 09:00|       4185|       3747|  00:00:00.855(       855.426 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .065 ms.)|       .008
|   22|  05.04.2019 10:00|       4187|       3797|  00:01:40.150(    100150.165 ms.)|      1.055|  00:00:21.845(     21845.217 ms.)|     21.812

Ọrọ ti gbogbo SQL-yan

Beere

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  query 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY queryid , query

Abajade

Bii o ti le rii, ni lilo awọn ọna ti o rọrun, o le gba alaye pupọ ti o wulo nipa iṣẹ ṣiṣe ati ipo data data.

Akiyesi:Ti a ba ṣe igbasilẹ ibeere ni awọn ibeere, a yoo gba itan-akọọlẹ fun ibeere lọtọ (lati le ṣafipamọ aaye, awọn ijabọ fun ibeere ti o yatọ ni a ti yọkuro).

Nitorinaa, data iṣiro lori iṣẹ ṣiṣe ibeere wa ati gba.
Ipele akọkọ “ikojọpọ data iṣiro” ti pari.

O le lọ si ipele keji - “Ṣiṣeto awọn metiriki iṣẹ”.

Ṣugbọn iyẹn jẹ itan ti o yatọ patapata.