我们的客户代表(其应用程序堆栈驻留在 Microsoft 云 (Azure) 中)解决了一个问题:最近,来自欧洲的一些客户的一些请求开始以错误 400 结束(
应用程序之一是 API,所有流量最终都通过它来。 此流量由 HTTP 服务器监听
Ingress 中的错误如下所示:
{
"number_fields":{
"status":400,
"request_time":0.001,
"bytes_sent":465,
"upstream_response_time":0,
"upstream_retries":0,
"bytes_received":2328
},
"stream":"stdout",
"string_fields":{
"ingress":"app",
"protocol":"HTTP/1.1",
"request_id":"f9ab8540407208a119463975afda90bc",
"path":"/api/sign-in",
"nginx_upstream_status":"400",
"service":"app",
"namespace":"production",
"location":"/front",
"scheme":"https",
"method":"POST",
"nginx_upstream_response_time":"0.000",
"nginx_upstream_bytes_received":"120",
"vhost":"api.app.example.com",
"host":"api.app.example.com",
"user":"",
"address":"83.41.81.250",
"nginx_upstream_addr":"10.240.0.110:80",
"referrer":"https://api.app.example.com/auth/login?long_encrypted_header",
"service_port":"http",
"user_agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36",
"time":"2019-03-06T18:29:16+00:00",
"content_kind":"cache-headers-not-present",
"request_query":""
},
"timestamp":"2019-03-06 18:29:16",
"labels":{
"app":"nginx",
"pod-template-generation":"6",
"controller-revision-hash":"1682636041"
},
"namespace":"kube-nginx-ingress",
"nsec":6726612,
"source":"kubernetes",
"host":"k8s-node-55555-0",
"pod_name":"nginx-v2hcb",
"container_name":"nginx",
"boolean_fields":{}
}
与此同时,Kestrel 给出了:
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Connection: close
Date: Wed, 06 Mar 2019 12:34:20 GMT
Server: Kestrel
Content-Length: 0
即使有最冗长的内容,Kestrel 错误也包含极其严重的内容。 有用的信息很少:
{
"number_fields":{"ThreadId":76},
"stream":"stdout",
"string_fields":{
"EventId":"{"Id"=>17, "Name"=>"ConnectionBadRequest"}",
"SourceContext":"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel",
"ConnectionId":"0HLL2VJSST5KV",
"@mt":"Connection id "{ConnectionId}" bad request data: "{message}"",
"@t":"2019-03-07T13:06:48.1449083Z",
"@x":"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.BadHttpRequestException: Malformed request: invalid headers.n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.Http1Connection.TryParseRequest(ReadResult result, Boolean& endConnection)n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.HttpProtocol.<ProcessRequestsAsync>d__185`1.MoveNext()",
"message":"Malformed request: invalid headers."
},
"timestamp":"2019-03-07 13:06:48",
"labels":{
"pod-template-hash":"2368795483",
"service":"app"
},
"namespace":"production",
"nsec":145341848,
"source":"kubernetes",
"host":"k8s-node-55555-1",
"pod_name":"app-67bdcf98d7-mhktx",
"container_name":"app",
"boolean_fields":{}
}
似乎只有 tcpdump 才能帮助解决这个问题......但我会重复一下流量链:
调查
显然,最好听听交通情况 在该特定节点上,其中 Kubernetes 部署了一个 pod:转储量将使得至少可以很快找到一些东西。 事实上,在检查它时,注意到以下框架:
GET /back/user HTTP/1.1
Host: api.app.example.com
X-Request-ID: 27ceb14972da8c21a8f92904b3eff1e5
X-Real-IP: 83.41.81.250
X-Forwarded-For: 83.41.81.250
X-Forwarded-Host: api.app.example.com
X-Forwarded-Port: 443
X-Forwarded-Proto: https
X-Original-URI: /front/back/user
X-Scheme: https
X-Original-Forwarded-For: 83.41.81.250
X-Nginx-Geo-Client-Country: Spain
X-Nginx-Geo-Client-City: M.laga
Accept-Encoding: gzip
CF-IPCountry: ES
CF-RAY: 4b345cfd1c4ac691-MAD
CF-Visitor: {"scheme":"https"}
pragma: no-cache
cache-control: no-cache
accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
origin: https://app.example.com
user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.119 Safari/537.36
referer: https://app.example.com/auth/login
accept-language: en-US,en;q=0.9,en-GB;q=0.8,pl;q=0.7
cookie: many_encrypted_cookies; .AspNetCore.Identity.Application=something_encrypted;
CF-Connecting-IP: 83.41.81.250
True-Client-IP: 83.41.81.250
CDN-Loop: cloudflare
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Connection: close
Date: Wed, 06 Mar 2019 12:34:20 GMT
Server: Kestrel
Content-Length: 0
仔细检查垃圾场后,注意到了这个词 M.laga
。 很容易猜到西班牙没有 M.laga 市(但有
ingress.kubernetes.io/configuration-snippet: |
proxy_set_header X-Nginx-Geo-Client-Country $geoip_country_name;
proxy_set_header X-Nginx-Geo-Client-City $geoip_city;
禁用这些标头的转发后,一切都变得很好! (很快就发现应用程序本身不再需要这些标头。)
现在我们来看看问题 更普遍。 通过向应用程序发出 telnet 请求,可以轻松地在应用程序内重现它 localhost:80
:
GET /back/user HTTP/1.1
Host: api.app.example.com
cache-control: no-cache
accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
origin: https://app.example.com
Cookie: test=Desiree
...返回 401 Unauthorized
,正如预期的那样。 如果我们这样做会发生什么:
GET /back/user HTTP/1.1
Host: api.app.example.com
cache-control: no-cache
accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
origin: https://app.example.com
Cookie: test=Désirée
?
将返回 400 Bad request
— 在应用程序日志中,我们将收到一个我们已经熟悉的错误:
{
"@t":"2019-03-31T12:59:54.3746446Z",
"@mt":"Connection id "{ConnectionId}" bad request data: "{message}"",
"@x":"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.BadHttpRequestException: Malformed request: invalid headers.n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.Http1Connection.TryParseRequest(ReadResult result, Boolean& endConnection)n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.HttpProtocol.<ProcessRequestsAsync>d__185`1.MoveNext()",
"ConnectionId":"0HLLLR1J974L9",
"message":"Malformed request: invalid headers.",
"EventId":{
"Id":17,
"Name":"ConnectionBadRequest"
},
"SourceContext":"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel",
"ThreadId":71
}
结果
特别是红隼
在我们的案例中,另一个因素是客户当前不打算更改应用程序中 Kestrel 的实现。 然而,AspNetCore 本身的问题(
总结一下:该说明不再是关于 Kestrel 或 UTF-8 的具体问题(2019 年?!),而是关于以下事实: 正念和持续的学习 你在寻找问题时所采取的每一步迟早都会取得成果。 祝你好运!
PS
另请阅读我们的博客:
- «
Kubernetes 运行中的 6 个有趣的系统错误 [及其解决方案] “; - «
Kubernetes 提示和技巧:NGINX Ingress 中的自定义错误页面 “; - «
Kubernetes Ingress 控制器概述和比较 “; - «
监控 Kubernetes 节点之间的 ping - 我们的秘诀 “; - «
关于 Linux 网络子系统的 3 个异常情况 “。
来源: habr.com