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尝试为 PostgreSQL 创建 ASH 类似物

制定问题

为了优化 PostgreSQL 查询，非常需要分析活动历史记录的能力，特别是等待、锁定和表统计信息。

可用机会

历史工作负载分析工具或“AWR for Postgres”：一个非常有趣的解决方案，但是没有 pg_stat_activity 和 pg_locks 的历史记录。

pgsentinel 扩展 :
«所有累积的信息仅存储在RAM中，并且消耗的内存量由最后存储的记录的数量来调节。

添加了 queryid 字段 - 与 pg_stat_statements 扩展相同的 queryid（需要预安装）。«

这当然会有很大帮助，但最麻烦的还是第一点。”所有累积的信息仅存储在 RAM 中 “， IE。 对目标基地有影响。 此外，没有锁历史记录和表统计信息。 那些。 一般来说，解决方案是不完整的：“目前还没有现成的安装包。 建议下载源代码并自行组装库。 您首先需要为您的服务器安装“devel”包，并在 PATH 变量中设置 pg_config 的路径。“。

一般来说，大惊小怪的，在严肃的生产数据库的情况下，可能无法对服务器做任何事情。 我们需要再次拿出一些我们自己的东西。

警告。

由于篇幅较大且测试时间不完整，本文主要是信息性质的，而不是作为一组论文和中间结果。
稍后将分部分准备更详细的材料

解决方案的草案要求

有必要开发一个工具来存储：

pg_stat_activity 查看历史记录
使用 pg_locks 视图的会话锁定历史记录

解决方案要求– 最小化对目标数据库的影响。

大概的概念– 数据收集代理不是在目标数据库中启动，而是作为 systemd 服务在监控数据库中启动。 是的，可能会丢失一些数据，但这对于报告来说并不重要，但在内存和磁盘空间方面对目标数据库没有影响。 并且在使用连接池的情况下，对用户进程的影响是最小的。

实施阶段

1.服务台

使用单独的模式来存储表，以免使所使用的主表的分析变得复杂。

DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS activity_hist ;
CREATE SCHEMA activity_hist AUTHORIZATION monitor ;

重要提示：架构不是在目标数据库中创建的，而是在监控数据库中创建的。

pg_stat_activity 查看历史记录

表用于存储 pg_stat_activity 视图的当前快照

Activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity ：

--ACTIVITY_HIST.HISTORY_PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity;
CREATE TABLE activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity
(
  timepoint timestamp without time zone ,
  datid             oid  , 
  datname           name ,
  pid               integer,
  usesysid          oid    ,
  usename           name   ,
  application_name  text   ,
  client_addr       inet   ,
  client_hostname   text   ,
  client_port       integer,
  backend_start     timestamp with time zone ,
  xact_start        timestamp with time zone ,
  query_start       timestamp with time zone ,
  state_change      timestamp with time zone ,
  wait_event_type   text ,                     
  wait_event        text ,                   
  state             text ,                  
  backend_xid       xid  ,                 
  backend_xmin      xid  ,                
  query             text ,               
  backend_type      text ,  
  queryid           bigint
);

为了加快插入速度 - 无索引或限制。

为了存储历史记录本身，使用分区表：

Activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity ：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity;
CREATE TABLE activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity
(
  timepoint timestamp without time zone ,
  datid             oid  , 
  datname           name ,
  pid               integer,
  usesysid          oid    ,
  usename           name   ,
  application_name  text   ,
  client_addr       inet   ,
  client_hostname   text   ,
  client_port       integer,
  backend_start     timestamp with time zone ,
  xact_start        timestamp with time zone ,
  query_start       timestamp with time zone ,
  state_change      timestamp with time zone ,
  wait_event_type   text ,                     
  wait_event        text ,                   
  state             text ,                  
  backend_xid       xid  ,                 
  backend_xmin      xid  ,                
  query             text ,               
  backend_type      text ,
  queryid           bigint
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (timepoint);

由于本例中对插入速度没有要求，因此创建了一些索引来加快报告的创建速度。

会话阻塞历史记录

表用于存储会话锁的当前快照：

Activity_hist.history_locking ：

--ACTIVITY_HIST.HISTORY_LOCKING
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS activity_hist.history_locking;
CREATE TABLE activity_hist.history_locking
(
	timepoint timestamp without time zone ,
	locktype text ,
	relation oid ,
	mode text ,
	tid xid ,
	vtid text ,
	pid integer ,
	blocking_pids integer[] ,
	granted boolean
);

此外，为了加快插入速度，没有索引或限制。

为了存储历史记录本身，使用分区表：

Activity_hist.archive_locking：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS activity_hist.archive_locking;
CREATE TABLE activity_hist.archive_locking
(
	timepoint timestamp without time zone ,
	locktype text ,
	relation oid ,
	mode text ,
	tid xid ,
	vtid text ,
	pid integer ,
	blocking_pids integer[] ,
	granted boolean	
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (timepoint);

由于本例中对插入速度没有要求，因此创建了一些索引来加快报告的创建速度。

2.填写当前历史记录

要直接收集视图快照，需要使用运行 plpgsql 函数的 bash 脚本。

获取当前活动.sh

#!/bin/bash
#########################################################
#get_current_activity.sh

ERROR_FILE='/home/demon/get_current_activity'$(date +%Y%m%d-)'T'$(date +%H)$(date +%M)$(date +%S)
host=$1
s_name=$2
s_pass=$3

psql  -A -t -q -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -c "SELECT activity_hist.get_current_activity( '$host' , '$s_name' , '$s_pass' )" >/dev/null 2>$ERROR_FILE

line_count=`cat $ERROR_FILE | wc -l`
if [[ $line_count != '0' ]];
then
    rm -f /home/demon/*.err >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
	cp $ERROR_FILE $ERROR_FILE'.err' >/dev/null 2>/dev/null  
fi
rm $ERROR_FILE >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
exit 0

plpgsql dblink 函数访问目标数据库中的视图，并将行插入到监控数据库中的服务表中。

获取当前活动.sql

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION activity_hist.get_current_activity( current_host text , current_s_name text , current_s_pass text ) RETURNS BOOLEAN AS $$
DECLARE 
  database_rec record;
  dblink_str text ;
BEGIN   

	EXECUTE 'SELECT dblink_connect(''LINK1'',''host='||current_host||' port=5432 dbname=postgres'||
	                                         ' user='||current_s_name||' password='||current_s_pass|| ' '')';



--------------------------------------------------------------------
--GET pg_stat_activity stats
	INSERT INTO activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity
	(
		SELECT * FROM dblink('LINK1',
			'SELECT 
			now() , 
			datid             , 
			datname           ,
			pid               ,
			usesysid              ,
			usename              ,
			application_name     ,
			client_addr          ,
			client_hostname      ,
			client_port       ,
			backend_start         ,
			xact_start            ,
			query_start           ,
			state_change          ,
			wait_event_type    ,                     
			wait_event         ,                   
			state              ,                  
			backend_xid         ,                 
			backend_xmin        ,                
			query              ,               
			backend_type   			
		FROM pg_stat_activity
		') 
		AS t (
		    timepoint 		  timestamp without time zone ,			
			datid             oid  , 
			datname           name ,
			pid               integer,
			usesysid          oid    ,
			usename           name   ,
			application_name  text   ,
			client_addr       inet   ,
			client_hostname   text   ,
			client_port       integer,
			backend_start     timestamp with time zone ,
			xact_start        timestamp with time zone ,
			query_start       timestamp with time zone ,
			state_change      timestamp with time zone ,
			wait_event_type   text ,                     
			wait_event        text ,                   
			state             text ,                  
			backend_xid       xid  ,                 
			backend_xmin      xid  ,                
			query             text ,               
			backend_type      text 			
		)
	);

---------------------------------------	
--ACTIVITY_HIST.HISTORY_LOCKING	
	INSERT INTO activity_hist.history_locking
	(
		SELECT * FROM dblink('LINK1',
			'SELECT 
			now() , 
			lock.locktype,
			lock.relation,
			lock.mode,
			lock.transactionid as tid,
			lock.virtualtransaction as vtid,
			lock.pid,
			pg_blocking_pids(lock.pid), 
			lock.granted
			FROM 	pg_catalog.pg_locks lock LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_database db ON db.oid = lock.database
			WHERE NOT lock.pid = pg_backend_pid()	
		') 
		AS t (
			timepoint timestamp without time zone ,
			locktype text ,
			relation oid , 
			mode text ,
			tid xid ,
			vtid text ,
			pid integer ,
			blocking_pids integer[] ,
			granted boolean
		)
	);
	PERFORM dblink_disconnect('LINK1');
	
	RETURN TRUE ;
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

为了收集视图快照，使用了 systemd 服务和两个脚本：

pg_current_activity.service

# /etc/systemd/system/pg_current_activity.service
[Unit]
Description=Collect history of pg_stat_activity , pg_locks 
Wants=pg_current_activity.timer

[Service]
Type=forking
StartLimitIntervalSec=0
ExecStart=/home/postgres/pgutils/demon/get_current_activity.sh 10.124.70.40 postgres postgres

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

pg_current_activity.timer

# /etc/systemd/system/pg_current_activity.timer
[Unit]
Description=Run pg_current_activity.sh every 1 second
Requires=pg_current_activity.service

[Timer]
Unit=pg_current_activity.service
OnCalendar=*:*:0/1
AccuracySec=1

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

为脚本分配权限：
# chmod 755 pg_current_activity.timer
# chmod 755 pg_current_activity.service

让我们启动服务：
＃systemctl守护进程重新加载
# systemctl 启动 pg_current_activity.service

因此，视图的历史记录以每秒快照的形式收集。 当然，如果一切保持原样，桌子的尺寸将很快增加，或多或少的生产性工作将变得不可能。

有必要对数据进行整理归档。

3.历史归档

对于归档，使用分区表 archive*。

每小时都会创建新分区，而旧数据会从history*表中删除，因此history*表的大小不会发生太大变化，并且插入速度不会随着时间的推移而降低。

新节的创建由plpgsql函数activity_hist.archive_current_activity执行。 工作算法非常简单（使用 archive_pg_stat_activity 表部分的示例）。

创建并填写新部分

EXECUTE format(
'CREATE TABLE ' || partition_name || 
' PARTITION OF activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity FOR VALUES FROM ( %L ) TO ( %L ) ' , 
to_char(date_trunc('year', partition_min_range ),'YYYY')||'-'||
to_char(date_trunc('month', partition_min_range ),'MM')||'-'||
to_char(date_trunc('day', partition_min_range ),'DD')||' '||
to_char(date_trunc('hour', partition_min_range ),'HH24')||':00', 
to_char(date_trunc('year', partition_max_range ),'YYYY')||'-'||
to_char(date_trunc('month', partition_max_range ),'MM')||'-'||
to_char(date_trunc('day', partition_max_range ),'DD')||' '||
to_char(date_trunc('hour', partition_max_range ),'HH24')||':00'
);

INSERT INTO activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity
(
	SELECT 	* 
	FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity
	WHERE 	timepoint BETWEEN partition_min_range AND partition_max_range 		
);

创建索引

EXECUTE format	(
'CREATE INDEX '||index_name||
' ON '||partition_name||' ( wait_event_type , backend_type , timepoint )' 
);

EXECUTE format	('CREATE INDEX '||index_name||
' ON '||partition_name||' ( wait_event_type , backend_type , timepoint , queryid )' 
);

从history_pg_stat_activity表中删除旧数据

DELETE 
FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity
WHERE 	timepoint < partition_max_range;

当然，有时旧的部分会因为不必要而被删除。

基本报告

事实上，为什么要做这一切？ 获取报告很隐约让人想起Oracle的AWR。

需要补充的是，为了接收报告，您需要在 pg_stat_activity 和 pg_stat_statements 视图之间建立连接。 通过将“queryid”列添加到“history_pg_stat_activity”、“archive_pg_stat_activity”表来链接这些表。 添加列值的方法超出了本文的范围，如下所述 - pg_stat_statements + pg_stat_activity + loq_query = pg_ash？ .

查询的总 CPU 时间

要求 ：

WITH hist AS
(
SELECT 
	aa.query ,aa.queryid ,			
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND  pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  AND backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND	( aa.wait_event_type IS NULL  ) ANDaa.state = 'active'
GROUP BY aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event , aa.query ,aa.queryid		
UNION 
SELECT 
	ha.query ,ha.queryid,
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity_for_reports ha
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  AND 	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND ( ha.wait_event_type IS NULL  )AND ha.state = 'active'
GROUP BY ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event , ha.query ,ha.queryid		
)
SELECT 	query , queryid , SUM( duration ) as duration 
FROM hist
GROUP BY  query , queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC

示例：

-------------------------------------------------------------------
| TOTAL CPU TIME FOR QUERIES : 07:47:36
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------
|   #|                                 queryid|            duration
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------
|   1|                      389015618226997618|            04:28:58
|   2|                                        |            01:07:29
|   3|                     1237430309438971376|            00:59:38
|   4|                     4710212362688288619|            00:50:48
|   5|                       28942442626229688|            00:15:50
|   6|                     9150846928388977274|            00:04:46
|   7|                    -6572922443698419129|            00:00:06
|   8|                                        |            00:00:01
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------

查询总等待时间

要求 ：

WITH hist AS
(
SELECT 
	aa.query ,aa.queryid ,			
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND
	( aa.wait_event_type IS NOT NULL  ) 
GROUP BY aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event , aa.query ,aa.queryid		
UNION 
SELECT 
	ha.query ,ha.queryid,
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity_for_reports ha
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND				
	( ha.wait_event_type IS NOT NULL  )
GROUP BY ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event , ha.query ,ha.queryid		
)
SELECT 	query , queryid , SUM( duration ) as duration 
FROM hist
GROUP BY  query , queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC

例如：

-------------------------------------------------------------------
| TOTAL WAITINGS TIME FOR QUERIES : 21:55:04
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------
|   #|                                 queryid|            duration
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------
|   1|                      389015618226997618|            16:19:05
|   2|                                        |            03:47:04
|   3|                     8085340880788646241|            00:40:20
|   4|                     4710212362688288619|            00:13:35
|   5|                     9150846928388977274|            00:12:25
|   6|                       28942442626229688|            00:11:32
|   7|                     1237430309438971376|            00:09:45
|   8|                     2649515222348904837|            00:09:37
|   9|                                        |            00:03:45
|  10|                     3167065002719415275|            00:02:20
|  11|                     5731212217001535134|            00:02:13
|  12|                     8304755792398128062|            00:01:31
|  13|                     2649515222348904837|            00:00:59
|  14|                     2649515222348904837|            00:00:22
|  15|                                        |            00:00:12
|  16|                     3422818749220588372|            00:00:08
|  17|                    -5730801771815999400|            00:00:03
|  18|                    -1473395109729441239|            00:00:02
|  19|                     2404820632950544954|            00:00:02
|  20|                    -6572922443698419129|            00:00:02
|  21|                     2369289265278398647|            00:00:01
|  22|                      180077086776069052|            00:00:01
+----+----------------------------------------+--------------------

等待查询

要求：

WITH hist AS
(
SELECT 
	aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event 
FROM 	activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND
	aa.wait_event IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event
UNION 
SELECT 
	ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event 
FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity_for_reports ha
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND
	ha.wait_event IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event		
)
SELECT 	wait_event_type , wait_event 
FROM hist
GROUP BY wait_event_type , wait_event
ORDER BY 1 ASC,2 ASC

----------------------------------------------------------------------

WITH hist AS
(
SELECT 
	aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event , aa.query ,aa.queryid ,			
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND
	( aa.wait_event_type = waitings_stat_rec.wait_event_type AND aa.wait_event = waitings_stat_rec.wait_event )
GROUP BY aa.wait_event_type , aa.wait_event , aa.query ,aa.queryid		
UNION 
SELECT 
	ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event , ha.query ,ha.queryid,
	count(*) * interval '1 second' AS duration 
FROM 	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity_for_reports ha
WHERE timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND 
	backend_type = 'client backend' AND datname != 'postgres' AND				
	( ha.wait_event_type = waitings_stat_rec.wait_event_type AND ha.wait_event = waitings_stat_rec.wait_event )
GROUP BY ha.wait_event_type , ha.wait_event , ha.query ,ha.queryid		
)
SELECT 	query , queryid , SUM( duration ) as duration 
FROM hist
GROUP BY  query , queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC

示例：

------------------------------------------------
| WAITINGS FOR QUERIES
+-----------------------------------------------
|                      wait_event_type = Client|
|                       wait_event = ClientRead|
|                        Total time  = 00:46:56|
------------------------------------------------
|    #|             queryid|            duration
+-----+--------------------+--------------------
|    1| 8085340880788646241|            00:40:20
|    2|                    |            00:03:45
|    3| 5731212217001535134|            00:01:53
|    4|                    |            00:00:12
|    5| 9150846928388977274|            00:00:09
|    6| 3422818749220588372|            00:00:08
|    7| 1237430309438971376|            00:00:06
|    8|   28942442626229688|            00:00:05
|    9| 4710212362688288619|            00:00:05
|   10|-5730801771815999400|            00:00:03
|   11| 8304755792398128062|            00:00:02
|   12|-6572922443698419129|            00:00:02
|   13|-1473395109729441239|            00:00:02
|   14| 2404820632950544954|            00:00:02
|   15|  180077086776069052|            00:00:01
|   16| 2369289265278398647|            00:00:01

+-----------------------------------------------
|                          wait_event_type = IO|
|                      wait_event = BufFileRead|
|                        Total time  = 00:00:38|
------------------------------------------------
|    #|             queryid|            duration
+-----+--------------------+--------------------
|    1|   28942442626229688|            00:00:38

+-----------------------------------------------

锁定进程历史记录

要求：

SELECT 
MIN(date_trunc('second',timepoint)) AS started , 
	count(*) * interval '1 second' as duration ,
	pid , blocking_pids , relation , mode , locktype 	 
FROM 
	activity_hist.archive_locking al 
WHERE 
	timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND
	NOT granted AND 
	locktype = 'relation' 
GROUP BY pid , blocking_pids , relation , mode , locktype			
UNION
SELECT 
	MIN(date_trunc('second',timepoint)) AS started , 
	count(*) * interval '1 second' as duration ,
	pid , blocking_pids , relation , mode , locktype
FROM 
	activity_hist.history_locking 
WHERE 
	timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND
	NOT granted AND 
	locktype = 'relation' 
GROUP BY pid , blocking_pids , relation , mode , locktype			
ORDER BY 1

示例：

-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- | 锁定进程历史记录 +-----+------------+-----+-------- --+------------ --------+--------------------+----- --------------- +-------------------- | #| PID| 开始| 持续时间| 阻塞PID| 关系| 模式| 锁类型 +---------+----------+-----+------------ +--------- -----------+------------+-------- -------------+----- -------------- | 1| 26224| 2019-09-02 19:32:16| 00:01:45| {26211}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 2| 26390| 2019-09-02 19:34:03| 00:00:53| {26211}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 3| 26391| 2019-09-02 19:34:03| 00:00:53| {26211}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 4| 26531| 2019-09-02 19:35:27| 00:00:12| {26211}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 5| 27284| 2019-09-02 19:44:02| 00:00:19| {27276}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 6| 27283| 2019-09-02 19:44:02| 00:00:19| {27276}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 7| 27286| 2019-09-02 19:44:02| 00:00:19| {27276}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 8| 27423| 2019-09-02 19:45:24| 00:00:12| {27394}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 9| 27648| 2019-09-02 19:48:06| 00:00:20| {27647}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 10| 27650| 2019-09-02 19:48:06| 00:00:20| {27647}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 11| 27735| 2019-09-02 19:49:08| 00:00:06| {27650}| 16541| 访问专属锁| 关系 | 12| 28380| 2019-09-02 19:56:03| 00:01:56| {28379}| 16541| 访问共享锁| 关系 | 13| 28379| 2019-09-02 19:56:03| 00:00:01| 28377| 16541| 访问专属锁| 关系 | | | | | 28376| |

阻塞进程历史记录

要求：

SELECT 
blocking_pids 
FROM 
	activity_hist.archive_locking al 
WHERE 
	timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND
	NOT granted AND 
	locktype = 'relation' 
GROUP BY blocking_pids 		
UNION
SELECT 
	blocking_pids 
FROM 
	activity_hist.history_locking 
WHERE 
	timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND
	NOT granted AND 
	locktype = 'relation' 
GROUP BY blocking_pids 		
ORDER BY 1

---------------------------------------------------------------

SELECT 
	pid , usename , application_name , datname ,
	MIN(date_trunc('second',timepoint)) as started , 
	count(*) * interval '1 second' as duration ,		 
	state , 
	query
				FROM  	activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity
				WHERE 	pid= current_pid AND 
						timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') 						 
				GROUP BY pid , usename , application_name , 
						datname , 
						state_change, 
						state , 
						query 
				UNION
				SELECT 
					pid , usename , application_name , datname ,
					MIN(date_trunc('second',timepoint)) as started , 
					count(*) * interval '1 second' as duration ,		 
					state , 
					query
				FROM  	activity_hist.history_pg_stat_activity_for_reports
				WHERE 	pid= current_pid AND 
						timepoint BETWEEN pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') 						 
				GROUP BY pid , usename , application_name , 
						datname , 
						state_change, 
						state , 
						query 
				ORDER BY 5 , 1

示例：

-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- 阻止进程历史记录 +----+--------------------+-------- ---+--------------------+----------+-------------- ------+--------------------+--------------------- - -------+---------------------------------------------------- | #| PID| 用户名| 应用程序名称| 数据名| 开始| 持续时间| 状态| 查询+----------+----------+----------+-----+ --------- -+--------------------------------+------------------ --+------ --------------------------+---------------- ------- ----------------- | 1| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:31:54| 00:00:04| 闲置| | 2| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:31:58| 00:00:06| 闲置交易| 开始; | 3| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:32:16| 00:01:45| 交易闲置| 锁表wafer_data； | 4| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:35:54| 00:01:23| 闲置| 犯罪; | 5| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:38:46| 00:00:02| 闲置交易| 开始; | 6| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:38:54| 00:00:08| 交易闲置| 锁表wafer_data； | 7| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-02 19:39:08| 00:42:42| 闲置| 犯罪; | 8| 26211| tuser| psql| tdb1| 2019-09-03 07:12:07| 00:00:52| 活跃| 选择 test_del();

发展。

显示的基本查询和生成的报告已经使分析性能事件时变得更加容易。
基于基本查询，您可以获得一份与 Oracle 的 AWR 大致相似的报告。
总结报告示例

+------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- | 活动和等待的综合报告。

待续。 接下来是创建锁定历史记录（pg_stat_locks），这是填充表过程的更详细描述。

来源： habr.com

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