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I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?

I-IEEE P802.3ba, indinganiso yokudlulisa idatha nge-100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE), yathuthukiswa phakathi kuka-2007 no-2010 [3], kodwa yaqala ukwanda ngo-2018 [5]. Kungani ngo-2018 hhayi ngaphambili? Futhi kungani ngokushesha ngobuningi? Kunezizathu okungenani ezinhlanu zalokhu...

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?

I-IEEE P802.3ba yathuthukiswa ngokuyinhloko ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zezikhungo zedatha kanye nezidingo zamaphuzu okushintshana kwethrafikhi ye-inthanethi (phakathi kwama-opharetha azimele); kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kwamasevisi ewebhu asebenzisa izinsiza, njengamaphothali anenani elikhulu lokuqukethwe kwevidiyo (isibonelo, i-YouTube); kanye nekhompyutha esebenza kahle kakhulu. [3] Abasebenzisi be-inthanethi abavamile nabo banesandla ekushintsheni izimfuno zomkhawulokudonsa: Abantu abaningi banamakhamera edijithali, futhi abantu bafuna ukusakaza okuqukethwe abakuthwebula nge-inthanethi. Lokho. Ivolumu yokuqukethwe okusakazwa ku-inthanethi iba nkulu futhi iba nkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kokubili emazingeni ochwepheshe kanye nabathengi. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, lapho udlulisela idatha kusuka esizindeni esisodwa kuya kwesinye, inani eliphelele lamanodi enethiwekhi ayisihluthulelo sekuyisikhathi eside lidlula amandla amachweba we-10GbE. [1] Lesi yisizathu sokuvela kwezinga elisha: 100GbE.

Izikhungo ezinkulu zedatha nabahlinzeki besevisi yamafu sebevele basebenzisa i-100GbE, futhi bahlela ukuthuthela kancane kancane ku-200GbE naku-400GbE eminyakeni embalwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kakade sebebheke isivinini esidlula i-terabit. [6] Nakuba kukhona abahlinzeki abakhulu abathuthela ku-100GbE ngonyaka odlule kuphela (ngokwesibonelo, iMicrosoft Azure). Izikhungo zedatha ezisebenzisa i-computing ephezulu yokusebenza kwezinsizakalo zezezimali, amapulatifomu kahulumeni, amapulatifomu kawoyela negesi kanye nezinsiza nazo seziqalile ukuthuthela ku-100GbE. [5]

Ezikhungweni zedatha yebhizinisi, isidingo somkhawulokudonsa sithi sincane: muva nje lapho i-10GbE isiyisidingo esikhundleni sokuba okunethezeka lapha. Kodwa-ke, njengoba izinga lokusetshenziswa kwethrafikhi likhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kuyangabazeka ukuthi i-10GbE izohlala ezikhungweni zedatha yebhizinisi okungenani iminyaka eyi-10 noma engu-5. Esikhundleni salokho, sizobona ukuthuthela ngokushesha ku-25GbE kanye nokuya ngokushesha ku-100GbE. [6] Ngoba, njengoba abahlaziyi be-Intel bephawula, ukushuba kwethrafikhi ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sedatha kukhula minyaka yonke ngama-25%. [5]

Abahlaziyi abavela ku-Dell no-Hewlett Packard bathi [4] ukuthi u-2018 unyaka we-100GbE wezikhungo zedatha. Emuva ngo-Agasti 2018, ukulethwa kwemishini ye-100GbE kwakuphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kunokulethwa kwawo wonke unyaka we-2017. Futhi ijubane lokuthunyelwa liyaqhubeka nokushesha njengoba izikhungo zedatha ziqala ukusuka ku-40GbE ngobuningi. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2022, amachweba angu-19,4 wezigidi ezingu-100GbE azothunyelwa minyaka yonke (ngo-2017, uma kuqhathaniswa, lesi sibalo sasiyizigidi ezingu-4,6). [4] Ngokuqondene nezindleko, ku-2017 i-$ 100 billion yasetshenziswa kumachweba we-7GbE, futhi ku-2020, ngokusho kwezibikezelo, cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20 azosetshenziswa (bona umdwebo 1). [1]

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?
Umfanekiso 1. Izibalo kanye nezibikezelo zesidingo semishini yenethiwekhi

Kungani manje? I-100GbE akuwona ngempela ubuchwepheshe obusha, kungani-ke kunokushushuluza okungaka kuyo manje?

I-1) Ngoba lobu buchwepheshe bukhulile futhi bushibhile. Kwakungonyaka ka-2018 lapho seqa khona umugqa lapho sisebenzisa amapulatifomu anezimbobo ze-100-Gigabit esikhungweni sedatha aba nezindleko ezingcono kakhulu “kunokunqwabelanisa” izinkundla ezimbalwa ze-10-Gigabit. Isibonelo: I-Ciena 5170 (bona Umfanekiso 2) iyinkundla ehlangene ehlinzeka ngokuphuma okuhlanganisiwe kwe-800GbE (4x100GbE, 40x10GbE). Uma izimbobo eziningi ze-10-Gigabit zidingeka ukuze kuhlinzekwe nge-output edingekayo, izindleko zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezengeziwe, indawo eyengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokweqile, ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, izingxenye eziyisipele ezengeziwe kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezengeziwe zengeza isamba esihle kakhulu. [1] Ngokwesibonelo, ochwepheshe be-Hewlett Packard, behlaziya izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokusuka ku-10GbE baye ku-100GbE, beza izibalo ezilandelayo: ukusebenza okuphezulu (56%), izindleko eziphelele eziphansi (27%), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi (31%), ukwenza lula ukuxhumana kwekhebula (ngo-38%). [5]

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?
Umfanekiso 2. I-Ciena 5170: inkundla yesibonelo enezimbobo ze-Gigabit eziyi-100

I-2) UJuniper noCisco ekugcineni badale ama-ASIC abo okushintsha kwe-100GbE. [5] Okuwubufakazi obucacile beqiniso lokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-100GbE buvuthwe ngempela. Iqiniso liwukuthi kuyabiza kakhulu ukwenza ama-chips e-ASIC kuphela lapho, okokuqala, i-logic esetshenziswe kuwo ayidingi izinguquko esikhathini esizayo esibonakalayo, futhi okwesibili, lapho kukhiqizwa inani elikhulu lama-chips afanayo. UJuniper noCisco bebengeke bakhiqize lawa ma-ASIC ngaphandle kokuzethemba ekuvuthweni kwe-100GbE.

3) Ngoba i-Broadcom, i-Cavium, ne-Mellanox Technologie isiqalile ukukhipha ama-processor anokusekelwa kwe-100GbE, futhi lawa maphrosesa asevele asetshenziswa ekushintsheni okuvela kubakhiqizi abafana noDell, Hewlett Packard, Huawei Technologies, Lenovo Group, njll. [5]

4) Ngoba amaseva afakwe kuma-server racks aya ngokuya ehlome ngama-adaptha enethiwekhi ye-Intel yakamuva (bheka Umfanekiso 3), enamachweba amabili we-25-Gigabit, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nama-adaptha enethiwekhi ahlanganisiwe anezimbobo ezimbili ze-40-Gigabit (XXV710 ne-XL710) . {Umfanekiso 3. Ama-Intel NIC akamuva: XXV710 ne-XL710}

5) Ngoba okokusebenza kwe-100GbE kuyahambisana emuva, okwenza ukuthunyelwa kube lula: ungasebenzisa kabusha izintambo ezivele zidlulisiwe (vele uxhume i-transceiver entsha kuzo).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwe-100GbE kusilungiselela ubuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-“NVMe over Fabrics” (isibonelo, i-Samsung Evo Pro 256 GB NVMe PCIe SSD; bheka i-Fig. 4) [8, 10], “Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yesitoreji” (SAN ) / "I-Software Defined Storage" (bheka i-Fig. 5) [7], i-RDMA [11], ngaphandle kwe-100GbE ayikwazanga ukubona amandla abo aphelele.

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?
Umfanekiso 4. I-Samsung Evo Pro 256 GB NVMe PCIe SSD

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?
Umfanekiso 5. "Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yesitoreji" (SAN) / "Isitoreji Esichazwe Ngesofthiwe"

Okokugcina, njengesibonelo esingavamile sesidingo esisebenzayo sokusetshenziswa kwe-100GbE kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene nesivinini esikhulu, singacaphuna ifu lesayensi leNyuvesi yaseCambridge (bheka i-Fig. 6), eyakhiwe ngesisekelo se-100GbE (Spectrum Ukushintsha kwe-SN2700 Ethernet) - ngokulandelana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, qinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-NexentaEdge SDS esakazwa isitoreji sediski, esingalayisha kalula inethiwekhi ye-10/40GbE. [2] Amafu anjalo esayensi asebenza kahle asetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesayensi ezisetshenziswayo [9, 12]. Isibonelo, ososayensi bezokwelapha basebenzisa amafu anjalo ukuze bachaze i-genome yomuntu, futhi iziteshi ze-100GbE zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwamaqembu ocwaningo lwamanyuvesi.

I-100GbE: ukunethezeka noma isidingo esibalulekile?
Umfanekiso 6. Ucezu lwefu lesayensi leNyuvesi yaseCambridge

I-Bibliography

  1. UJohn Hawkins. I-100GbE: Eduze koMphetho, Eduze Neqiniso // 2017.
  2. Ami Katz. Ukushintsha kwe-100GbE - Ingabe Usuwenzile Izibalo? // 2016.
  3. UMargaret Rose. I-100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE).
  4. David Graves. I-Dell EMC Iphinda kabili Phansi ku-100 Gigabit Ethernet ye-Open, Modern Data Center // 2018.
  5. UMary Brancombe. Unyaka we-100GbE ku-Data Center Networks // 2018.
  6. UJarred Baker. Ihamba Ngokushesha Esikhungweni Sedatha Yebhizinisi // 2017.
  7. UTom Clark. Ukuklama Amanethiwekhi Endawo Yesitoreji: Isithenjwa Esisebenzayo Sokusebenzisa Isiteshi Se-Fiber kanye nama-IP SANs. 2003. 572p.
  8. UJames O'Reilly. Isitoreji Senethiwekhi: Amathuluzi Nobuchwepheshe Bokugcina Idatha Yenkampani Yakho // 2017. 280p.
  9. UJames Sullivan. Ukuncintisana kweqoqo labafundi 2017, iTeam University of Texas e-Austin/Texas State University: Ikhiqiza kabusha i-vectorization yamandla emizimba eminingi ye-Tersoff ku-Intel Skylake kanye ne-NVIDIA V100 yezakhiwo // Parallel Computing. v.79, 2018. pp. 30-35.
  10. UManolis Katevenis. Isizukulwane esilandelayo se-Exascale-class Systems: i-ExaNeSt Project // Microprocessors kanye ne-Microsystems. v.61, 2018. pp. 58-71.
  11. UHari Subramoni. I-RDMA phezu kwe-Ethernet: Isifundo Sokuqala // Izinqubo ze-Workshop on High Performance Interconnects for Distributed Computing. 2009.
  12. Chris Broekema. Ukudluliswa Kwedatha Eyonga Amandla ku-Radio Astronomy ene-Software UDP RDMA // I-Future Generation Computer Systems. v.79, 2018. pp. 215-224.

PS. Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ekuqaleni "Umphathi wesistimu".

Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. Ngena ngemvume, wamukelekile.

Kungani izikhungo ezinkulu zedatha zaqala ukuhamba ngobuningi ziye ku-100GbE?

  • Empeleni, akekho oseqalile ukuthuthela noma kuphi...

  • Ngoba lobu buchwepheshe bukhulile futhi bushibhile

  • Ngoba uJuniper noCisco badale ama-ASIC okushintsha kwe-100GbE

  • Ngoba i-Broadcom, i-Cavium, ne-Mellanox Technologie yengeze ukusekelwa kwe-100GbE

  • Ngoba amaseva manje anezimbobo ezingama-25- kanye ne-40-gigabit

  • Inguqulo yakho (bhala emazwaneni)

Bangu-12 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-15 bagobile.

Source: www.habr.com

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