Izindlela ezi-4 zokulondoloza kuma-backups wamafu

Ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yemishini ebonakalayo kungenye yezindawo ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile lapho kulungiswa izindleko zenkampani. Siyakutshela ukuthi ungazisetha kanjani izipele efwini futhi ulondoloze ibhajethi yakho.

Imininingo egciniwe iyimpahla ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi inkampani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imishini ebonakalayo idingeka kakhulu. Abasebenzisi bangasebenza endaweni ebonakalayo enikeza ukuvikeleka ekuthathweni kwedatha ebonakalayo kanye nokuvuza kolwazi oluyimfihlo.

Izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu nezimaphakathi zincike kuma-VM ngandlela thize. Bagcina inani elikhulu lolwazi olubalulekile. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela ukudala ama-backups ukuze ngolunye usuku "oops" kungenzeki futhi i-database egcwaliswe iminyaka ngokuzumayo ivele yonakaliswe noma ingafinyeleleki.

Ngokuvamile, izinkampani zenza amakhophi ayisipele wama-VM azo futhi ziwagcine ezikhungweni zedatha ezihlukene. Futhi uma ngokuzumayo isikhungo sokucubungula ulwazi esiyinhloko sihluleka ngokuzumayo, ungalulama ngokushesha kusipele. Kuhle uma ikhophi yasenqolobaneni igcinwa ezindaweni ezahlukene zedatha, njengoba yenza Cloud4Y. Nokho, abahlinzeki abaningi abakwazi ukunikeza isevisi enjalo noma bacele imali eyengeziwe ngayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugcina ama-backups kubiza isenti elihle.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile kwamakhono wefu kunganciphisa umthwalo wezezimali.

Kungani ifu?

Izipele ze-VM zigcinwa kalula ezisekelweni zamafu. Kunezixazululo eziningi emakethe ezenza kube lula inqubo yokwenza isipele nokubuyisela imishini ebonakalayo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukuhlela ukutholwa kwedatha okungaphazamiseki emishinini ebonakalayo futhi uqinisekise isevisi ezinzile yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezincike kule datha.

Inqubo yokwenza isipele ingenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kuye ngokuthi yimaphi amafayela nokuthi idatha idinga ukugcinwa kangaki. “Ifu” alinayo imingcele eqinile. Inkampani ingakhetha ukusebenza nokusebenza okuhambisana nezidingo zebhizinisi layo futhi ikhokhele izinsiza ezizisebenzisayo kuphela.

Ingqalasizinda yendawo ayinalo leli khono. Kufanele ukhokhele yonke imishini ngesikhathi esisodwa (ngisho nemishini engenzi lutho), futhi uma kunesidingo sokwandisa umkhiqizo, kufanele uthenge amaseva amaningi, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko. I-Cloud4Y inikeza izindlela ezi-4 zokunciphisa izindleko zakho zokulondoloza idatha.

Ngakho ungonga kanjani imali?

Ikhophi ekhuphukayo

Inkampani kufanele njalo ilondoloze idatha ebalulekile. Kodwa le datha iyanda ngevolumu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ngayinye elandelayo ithatha indawo eyengeziwe futhi idinga isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze ilayishe endaweni yokugcina. Ungenza inqubo ibe lula ngokugcina izipele ezikhuphukayo.

Indlela yokwengeza ithatha ukuthi wenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni kanye kuphela noma ngezikhathi ezithile (kuya ngesu lakho lokulondoloza). Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ngayinye elandelayo iqukethe kuphela izinguquko ezenziwe kukhophi yasenqolobaneni yasekuqaleni. Ngenxa yokuthi izipele zenzeka kancane futhi izinguquko ezintsha kuphela ezenziwa isipele, izinhlangano akudingeki zikhokhele ukudluliswa kwedatha enkulu yamafu.

Khawulela ukushintshanisa amafayela noma ukwahlukanisa

Kwesinye isikhathi i-RAM yomshini obonakalayo ingase inganele ukugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza nedatha ye-OS. Kulokhu, i-OS ithatha ingxenye ethile ye-hard drive ukuze igcine idatha eyengeziwe. Le datha ibizwa ngokuthi ifayela lekhasi noma i-swap partition ku-Windows ne-Linux ngokulandelanayo.

Ngokuvamile, amafayela ekhasi makhulu izikhathi ezingu-1,5 kune-RAM. Idatha kulawa mafayela ishintsha njalo. Futhi njalo uma kwenziwa ikhophi yasenqolobaneni, lawa mafayela nawo enziwa isipele. Ngakho-ke kungaba ngcono ukuwakhipha lawa mafayela kusipele. Bazothatha isikhala esiningi kakhulu efwini, njengoba isistimu izobasindisa ngesipele ngasinye (amafayela ashintsha njalo!).

Ngokuvamile, umqondo uwukwenza isipele kuphela idatha edingwa yinkampani ngempela. Futhi ezingadingekile, njengefayela lokupheja, akufanele zenziwe isipele.

Ukuphinda futhi kufakwe kungobo yomlando izipele

Izipele zemishini ebonakalayo zinesisindo esikhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele ubeke isikhala esengeziwe emafini. Ngakho-ke, ungonga imali ngokunciphisa usayizi wezipele zakho. Yilapho ukuphindaphinda kungasiza khona. Lena inqubo yokukopisha kuphela amabhulokhi ashintshiwe edatha nokufaka esikhundleni samakhophi amabhulokhi angashintshiwe ngereferensi yamabhulokhi okuqala. Ungasebenzisa futhi izingobo zomlando ezihlukahlukene ukuze ucindezele isipele sokugcina ukuze ulondoloze inkumbulo eyengeziwe.

Lesi sihloko sisebenza ikakhulukazi uma ulandela umthetho we-3-2-1 uma kuziwa ekugcineni izipele. Umthetho uthi ukuze uqinisekise ukugcinwa kwedatha okuthembekile, kufanele okungenani ube namakhophi ayisipele AMATHATHU agcinwe kumafomethi AMABILI ahlukene, nekhophi EYODWA egcinwe ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina enkulu.

Lesi simiso sokuqinisekisa ukubekezelela amaphutha sithatha ukugcinwa kwedatha okungasanele, ngakho ukwehlisa ivolumu yokusekelayo kungabaluleka ngokusobala.

Inqubomgomo yokugcina ye-GFS (uBaba-uBaba-Indodana).

Ihlelwa kanjani inqubo yokudala nokugcina ama-backups ezinkampanini eziningi? Kodwa akukho ndlela! Izinhlangano zenza izipele futhi... zikhohlwe ngazo. Izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka. Lokhu kubangela izindleko ezingadingekile zedatha engasetshenziswa. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nalokhu ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokugcina. Lezi zinqubomgomo zinquma ukuthi zingaki izipele ezingagcinwa emafini ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Inqubomgomo yekhophi yasenqolobaneni elula kakhulu ichazwa ngomgomo "wokuqala ukungena, ukuphuma kuqala". Ngale nqubomgomo, inani elithile lezipele liyagcinwa, futhi uma umkhawulo usufinyelelwe, endala kakhulu iyasuswa ukuze kuvuleke isikhala esisha kakhulu. Kodwa leli su alisebenzi ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukunikeza amaphuzu amaningi okubuyisela ngenani elincane kakhulu lesitoreji. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemithetho yezomthetho neyebhizinisi edinga ukugcinwa kwedatha yesikhathi eside.

Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokusebenzisa inqubomgomo ye-GFS (uBaba-uBaba-Indodana). "Indodana" iyisipele esivame kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, nsuku zonke. Futhi "umkhulu" uyinto engavamile, isibonelo, ngenyanga. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kwakhiwa ikhophi yasenqolobaneni entsha yansuku zonke, iba yindodana yesipele samasonto onke eviki eledlule. Lo modeli unikeza inkampani amaphuzu amaningi okubuyisela ngesikhala sokugcina esilinganiselwe esifanayo.

Uma udinga ukugcina ulwazi isikhathi eside, kuningi, kodwa empeleni akuceliwe, ungasebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isitoreji esibandayo seqhwa. Izindleko zokugcina idatha lapho ziphansi, kodwa uma inkampani icela le datha, kuzodingeka ukhokhe. Kufana nekhabethe elimnyama elikude. Kunezinto eziningi kuyo ezingeke zibe nalutho eminyakeni eyi-10-20-50. Kodwa ngesikhathi ufika kokukodwa, uzochitha isikhathi esiningi. I-Cloud4Y ibize lesi sitoreji ngokuthi “Ingobo yomlando".

isiphetho

Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni iyisici esibalulekile sokuphepha kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi. Ukulondoloza izipele efwini kulula kakhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isevisi ibiza kakhulu. Usebenzisa izindlela esizibalile, unganciphisa izindleko zenyanga zenkampani yakho.

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Source: www.habr.com