Idatha enani eliphelele lenhlawulo yokwephulwa kwemithetho ishicilelwe.
/isithombe PD
Ubani oshicilele umbiko ngenani lenhlawulo
I-General Data Protection Regulation izoba nonyaka owodwa kuphela ngoMeyi - kodwa abalawuli baseYurophu sebevele sebenayo . NgoFebhuwari 2019, umbiko mayelana nokutholwe yi-GDPR wakhishwa yi-European Data Protection Board (EDPB), indikimba eqapha ukulandelwa komthethonqubo.
Izinhlawulo zokuqala ngaphansi kwe-GDPR okuphansi ngenxa yokungalungeli kwezinkampani ukuthi ziqale ukusebenza ngokulawula. Ngokuyisisekelo, abephula imithethonqubo bakhokhe imali engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zama-euro. Kodwa-ke, inani eliphelele lezinhlawulo libonakale limangalisa kakhulu - cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-56. Embikweni, i-EDPB inikeze olunye ulwazi mayelana "nobudlelwane" bezinkampani ze-IT kanye namakhasimende azo.
Ithini idokhumenti futhi ubani oseyikhokhile inhlawulo?
Njengoba lo mthetho wawusebenza, abalawuli baseYurophu bavule amacala angaba ngu-206 ayizinkulungwane zokuphulwa kokuphepha kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Cishe ingxenye yabo (94) beyisekelwe ezikhalweni zabantu abazimele. Izakhamizi ze-EU zingafaka isikhalazo mayelana nokwephulwa kokucubungula nokugcinwa kwedatha yazo yomuntu siqu futhi zithinte iziphathimandla zokulawula zikazwelonke, ngemva kwalokho icala lizophenywa endaweni yezwe elithile.
Izihloko eziyinhloko izikhalazo ezivela kubantu baseYurophu zazihlobene kwakuwukwephulwa kwamalungelo esihloko sedatha yomuntu siqu namalungelo omthengi, kanye nokuvuza kwedatha yomuntu siqu.
Amanye amacala angu-64 864 avulwe kulandela izaziso zokuputshuka kwedatha ezinkampanini ezidale lesi sigameko. Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi mangaki amacala aholele ekuhlawulisweni, kodwa sebebonke abephula umthetho bakhokha ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-56. ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kolwazi, iningi lala mali kuzodingeka likhokhelwe i-Google. NgoJanuwari 2019, umlawuli waseFrance u-CNIL wakhokhisa inhlawulo yama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-50 kumdondoshiya we-IT.
Ukuqulwa kwamacala kuleli cala kuqhubeke kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lwe-GDPR - isikhalazo ngokumelene nenhlangano sifakwe isishoshovu sokuvikela idatha sase-Austria uMax Schrems. Imbangela yokunganeliseki kwesishoshovu amagama anembe ngokunganele kwimvume yokucutshungulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu, eyamukelwa abasebenzisi lapho bedala i-akhawunti kumadivayisi e-Android.
Ngaphambi kwecala lesiqhwaga se-IT, izinhlawulo zokungalandeli i-GDPR zaziphansi kakhulu. NgoSepthemba 2018, isibhedlela samaPutukezi sakhokha ama-euro ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400 ngokuba sengozini ohlelweni lwaso lokugcina lwezokwelapha. amarekhodi, kanye nezinkulungwane ezingama-Euro ezingama-20 - isicelo sokuxoxa saseJalimane (ukungena kwamakhasimende namaphasiwedi agcinwe efomini elingabhaliwe).
Bathini ongoti mayelana nemithethonqubo
Abalawuli bakholelwa ukuthi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, i-GDPR ifakazele ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokusho kwabo, lo mthetho usize ukudonsa ukunaka kwabasebenzisi endabeni yokuphepha kwedatha yabo.
Ochwepheshe baphinde bagqamisa amaphutha athile abonakale ngonyaka wokuqala womthethonqubo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kubo ukuntuleka kwesistimu ebumbene yokunquma inani lenhlawulo. Ngu abameli, ukuntuleka kwemithetho eyamukelwa ngokuvamile kuholela enanini elikhulu lezikhalazo. Izikhalazo kufanele zisingathwe amakhomishana okuvikela idatha, okusho ukuthi iziphathimandla ziphoqeleka ukuthi zinikeze isikhathi esincane ekudluliseni izikhalo ezivela kwizakhamizi ze-EU.
Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, abalawuli abavela e-UK, Norway naseNetherlands sebevele sebenayo imithetho yokunquma inani lokubuyisela. Idokhumenti izoqoqa izici ezithonya inani lenhlawulo: ubude besikhathi sesigameko, isivinini sokuphendula kwenkampani, inani lezisulu zokuvuza.
/isithombe
Yini elandelayo
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuthi izinkampani ze-IT zikhululeke. Kungenzeka ukuthi izinhlawulo zokungalandeli i-GDPR zizokwanda esikhathini esizayo.
Isizathu sokuqala ukuvuza kwedatha okuvamile. Ngokwezibalo ezivela eNetherlands, lapho ukwephulwa kokugcinwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu kwabikwa ngisho nangaphambi kwe-GDPR, ngo-2018 inani lezaziso mayelana nokuvuza. kabili. Ngu Ngokusho kwesazi sokuvikela idatha uGuy Bunker, ukwephulwa okusha kwe-GDPR kwaziwa cishe nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, abalawuli bazoqala ukuphatha izinkampani ezicasulayo kakhulu.
Isizathu sesibili ukuphela kwendlela "ethambile". Ngo-2018, izinhlawulo beziyisinyathelo sokugcina - ikakhulukazi abalawuli bebefuna ukusiza izinkampani zivikele idatha yamakhasimende. Kodwa-ke, sekunamacala amaningana acatshangelwa e-Europe angaholela ezinhlawulweni ezinkulu ngaphansi kwe-GDPR.
NgoSepthemba 2018, ukuvuza kwedatha enkulu eBritish Airways. Ngenxa yokuba sengozini ohlelweni lokukhokha lwenkampani yezindiza, izigebengu ze-inthanethi bathole ukufinyelela kudatha yekhadi lesikweletu lamakhasimende izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Balinganiselwa ku-400 abantu abathintekile kulokhu kugetshengwa. Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kolwazi ukuthi inkampani yezindiza ingakhokha inhlawulo yokuqala ephezulu e-UK - kuzoba ama-Euro ayizigidi ezingu-20 noma u-4% wenzuzo yonyaka yenhlangano (noma yiliphi inani elikhulu).
Omunye umbangi wesijeziso esikhulu sezimali uFacebook. I-Irish Data Protection Commission ivule amacala ayishumi ngokumelene ne-IT giant ngenxa yokwephulwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-GDPR. Okukhulu kakhulu kwalokhu kwenzeke ngoSepthemba odlule - ubungozi kungqalasizinda yokuxhumana nabantu kubaduni ukuze bathole amathokheni okungena ngemvume okuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kugebenga kuthinte abasebenzisi be-Facebook abayizigidi ezingama-50, abayizigidi ezi-5 kubo ababengabahlali be-EU. Ngokuvumelana ne I-ZDNet, lokhu kwephulwa kwedatha kukodwa kungadla inkampani izigidigidi zamaRandi.
Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele ulungele iqiniso lokuthi ngo-2019 i-GDPR izobonisa amandla ayo, futhi iziphathimandla ezilawulayo ngeke zisa "vala amehlo" ukuphulwa. Ngokunokwenzeka, kuzoba namacala aphezulu kuphela okuphulwa kwemithethonqubo esikhathini esizayo.
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Source: www.habr.com