Isimemezelo se-Kubernetes Web View (kanye nohlaka olufushane lwamanye ama-UI ewebhu we-Kubernetes)

Qaphela. transl.: Umbhali wencwadi yokuqala nguHenning Jacobs waseZalando. Udale isixhumi esibonakalayo esisha sewebhu sokusebenzisana neKubernetes, esibekwe “njengekubectl yewebhu.” Kungani kuvele iphrojekthi entsha yomthombo ovulekile futhi yiziphi izindlela ezingahlangabezwanga yizixazululo ezikhona - funda isihloko sakhe.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, ngibuyekeza imithombo evulekile yezokuxhumana ye-Kubernetes, ngibeka izidingo zami ze-UI yendawo yonke, futhi ngichaze ukuthi kungani ngithuthukile. Kubernetes WebView - isixhumi esibonakalayo esiklanyelwe ukwenza kube lula ukusekela nokuxazulula izinkinga zamaqoqo amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Sebenzisa amacala

Kwa-Zalando sihlinzeka ngenani elikhulu labasebenzisi be-Kubernetes (900+) namaqoqo (100+). Kunezimo ezimbalwa zokusetshenziswa ezijwayelekile ezingazuza ethuluzini lewebhu elizinikele:

1. ukuxhumana nozakwabo ukuze bathole ukwesekwa;
2. ukuphendula izehlakalo kanye nokuphenya ngezimbangela zazo.

ukweseka

Ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami, ukuxhumana kosekelo kuvame ukubukeka kanje:

- Siza, isevisi yethu ye-XYZ ayitholakali!
- Ubonani uma wenza kubectl describe ingress ...?

Noma into efanayo nge-CRD:

- Nginenkinga ngesevisi yokuhlonza...
— Ukhiqizani umyalo? kubectl describe platformcredentialsset ...?

Ukuxhumana okunjalo kuvame ukufika ekufakeni ukuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene komyalo kubectl ukuze kubonakale inkinga. Njengomphumela, bobabili abathintekayo engxoxweni baphoqeleka ukuthi bahlale beshintshana phakathi kwetheminali nengxoxo yewebhu, futhi babona isimo esihlukile.

Ngakho-ke, ngingathanda ukuthi i-frontend yewebhu ye-Kubernetes ivumele okulandelayo:

• abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukushintshanisa izixhumanisi futhi nigcine into efanayo;
• kungasiza gwema amaphutha abantu ekusekeleni: isibonelo, ukungena kuqoqo elingalungile kulayini womyalo, ukubhala ngokubhala emiyalweni ye-CLI, njll.;
• ingavumela zakha eyakho imibono ukuthumela kozakwabo, okungukuthi, engeza amakholomu amathegi, bonisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinsiza ekhasini elilodwa;
• Ngokufanelekile, leli thuluzi lewebhu kufanele likuvumele ukuthi usethe izixhumanisi "ezijulile" zezigaba ezithile ze-YAML (isibonelo, ukukhomba ipharamitha engalungile edala ukwehluleka).

Impendulo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesigameko

Ukuphendula izehlakalo zengqalasizinda kudinga ukuqwashisa ngezimo, ikhono lokuhlola umthelela, nokubheka amaphethini kumaqoqo. Ezinye izibonelo zempilo yangempela:

• Isevisi ebalulekile yokukhiqiza inezinkinga futhi uyayidinga thola zonke izinsiza ze-Kubernetes ngamagama kuwo wonke amaqoqoukulungisa inkinga;
• ama-node aqala ukuwa lapho ukala futhi udinga thola wonke ama-pod anesimo esithi "Pending" kuwo wonke amaqoqoukuhlola ububanzi benkinga;
• abasebenzisi ngabanye babika inkinga ngokuthi i-DaemonSet isetshenziswe kuwo wonke amaqoqo futhi badinga ukuthola Ingabe inkinga iphelele?.

Isixazululo sami esijwayelekile ezimweni ezinjalo siyafana for i in $clusters; do kubectl ...; done. Ngokusobala, kungase kuthuthukiswe ithuluzi elinikeza amakhono afanayo.

Izixhumanisi zewebhu ezikhona ze-Kubernetes

Umhlaba womthombo ovulekile wokuxhumana kwewebhu ku-Kubernetes awumkhulu kakhulu*, ngakho ngizamile ukuqoqa ulwazi olwengeziwe ngisebenzisa Twitter:

*Incazelo yami yenombolo ekhawulelwe yezindawo zokusebenzelana zewebhu ze-Kubernetes: izinsiza zamafu nabathengisi be-Kubernetes ngokuvamile banikela ngezindawo zabo ezingaphambili, ngakho imakethe ye-Kubernetes UI “enhle” yamahhala incane uma kuqhathaniswa.

Nge-tweet engifunde ngayo K8Dash, Kubernator и I-Octant. Ake sizibheke nezinye izisombululo ezikhona ze-Open Source, sizame ukuqonda ukuthi ziyini.

K8Dash

"I-K8Dash iyindlela elula yokuphatha iqoqo le-Kubernetes."

K8Dash Kubukeka kukuhle futhi kuzwakala kushesha, kepha kunokubi ngenani lezimo zokusetshenziswa ezibalwe ngenhla:

• Isebenza kuphela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yeqoqo elilodwa.
• Ukuhlunga nokuhlunga kuyenzeka, kodwa awunawo ama-permalinks.
• Akukho ukusekelwa Kwezincazelo Zensiza Yangokwezifiso (CRDs).

Kubernator

“I-Kubernator ingenye i-UI ye-Kubernetes. Ngokungafani nedeshibhodi ye-Kubernetes yezinga eliphezulu, inikeza ukulawula kwezinga eliphansi nokubonakala okuhle kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto ezikuqoqo ngekhono lokudala ezintsha, ukuzihlela, nokuxazulula izingxabano. Ukuba uhlelo lokusebenza oluseceleni kweklayenti ngokuphelele (njenge-kubectl), akudingi noma iyiphi i-backend ngaphandle kweseva ye-Kubernetes API uqobo, futhi ihlonipha nemithetho yokufinyelela yeqoqo. "

Lena incazelo enembe impela Kubernator. Ngeshwa, ayinazo izici ezithile:

• Inikeza iqoqo elilodwa kuphela.
• Ayikho imodi yokubuka uhlu (okungukuthi, awukwazi ukuveza wonke ama-pod anesimo esithi "Kusalindile").

Ideshibhodi ye-Kubernetes

“I-Kubernetes Dashboard iyisizindalwazi sewebhu jikelele samaqoqo e-Kubernetes. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baphathe futhi baxazulule izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza ngeqoqo, futhi baphathe iqoqo ngokwalo.”

Ngeshwa Ideshibhodi ye-Kubernetes akusizi ngempela ngokwesekwa kwami ​​nemisebenzi yokuphendula isigameko ngoba:

• azikho izixhumanisi ezihlala njalo, isibonelo uma ngihlunga izinsiza noma ngishintsha uhlelo lokuhlunga;
• ayikho indlela elula yokuhlunga ngesimo - ngokwesibonelo, bona wonke ama-pods anesimo esithi "Pending";
• iqoqo elilodwa kuphela elisekelwayo;
• Ama-CRD awasekelwe (lesi sici sisathuthukiswa);
• awekho amakholomu angokwezifiso (njengamakholomu alebulwe ngohlobo kubectl -L).

I-Kubernetes Operational View (kube-ops-view)

"I-System Dashboard Observer ye-K8s Cluster Space."

У I-Kubernetes Operational View Indlela ehluke ngokuphelele: leli thuluzi libonisa kuphela ama-cluster node nama-pods asebenzisa i-WebGL, ngaphandle kwemininingwane yento yombhalo. Ilungele ukubuka konke okusheshayo kwempilo yeqoqo (ingabe ama-pods ayawa?)*, kodwa ayifanele usekelo nezimo zokusebenzisa impendulo yesigameko ezichazwe ngenhla.

* Qaphela. transl.: Ngalo mqondo, ungase futhi ube nesithakazelo ku-plugin yethu i-grafana-statusmap, esikhulume ngayo kabanzi kuyo lesi sihloko.

I-Kubernetes Resource Report (kube-resource-report)

"Qoqa izicelo zensiza yeqoqo le-pod ne-Kubernetes, uziqhathanise nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, bese ukhiqiza i-HTML emile."

I-Kubernetes Resource Report ikhiqiza imibiko ye-HTML emile ekusetshenzisweni kwensiza kanye nokusabalalisa izindleko kuwo wonke amaqembu/izinhlelo zokusebenza ngamaqoqo. Umbiko uwusizo ngandlela-thile ekusekeleni nasekuphenduleni isigameko ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha iqoqo lapho isicelo sisetshenziswa khona.

Qaphela. transl.: Isevisi nethuluzi kungase futhi kube usizo ekubukeni ulwazi mayelana nokwabiwa kwezisetshenziswa nezindleko zazo phakathi kwabahlinzeki bamafu Kubecost, esiyibuyekezayo esanda kushicilelwa.

I-Octant

"Inkundla yewebhu enwebekayo yonjiniyela edizayinelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okukhulu kwenkimbinkimbi yamaqoqo e-Kubernetes."

I-Octant, edalwe yi-VMware, iwumkhiqizo omusha engifunde ngawo muva nje. Ngosizo lwayo, kulula ukuhlola iqoqo emshinini wendawo (kukhona ngisho nokubonwayo), kodwa ibhekana nezindaba zokusekelwa kanye nempendulo yesigameko kuphela ngezinga elilinganiselwe. Ukungalungi kwe-Octant:

• Alukho ukusesha kweqoqo.
• Isebenza emshinini wendawo kuphela (ayiphakeli kuqoqo).
• Ayikwazi ukuhlunga/ukuhlunga izinto (isikhethi ilebula kuphela esisekelwayo).
• Awukwazi ukucacisa amakholomu ngokwezifiso.
• Awukwazi ukuklelisa izinto ngesikhala samagama.

Ngiphinde ngaba nezinkinga ngokuzinza kwe-Octant ngamaqoqo e-Zalando: kwamanye ama-CRD wayewa.

Sethula i-Kubernetes Web View

"kubectl yewebhu".

Ngemuva kokuhlaziya izinketho ezitholakalayo zokusebenzisa i-Kubernetes, nginqume ukudala entsha: Kubernetes WebView. Phela, empeleni, ngidinga wonke amandla kubectl kuwebhu, okungukuthi:

• ukutholakala kwayo yonke imisebenzi (yokufunda kuphela) abasebenzisi abakhetha ukuyisebenzisa i-kubectl;
• wonke ama-URL kufanele abe unomphela futhi amele ikhasi ngendlela yalo yoqobo ukuze ozakwabo bakwazi ukwabelana ngawo futhi bawasebenzise kwamanye amathuluzi;
• ukusekelwa kwazo zonke izinto ze-Kubernetes, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uxazulule noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga;
• uhlu lwezinsiza kufanele ludawunilodelwe ukuze kwenziwe omunye umsebenzi (kumaspredishithi, amathuluzi e-CLI afana nalokhu grep) kanye nesitoreji (isibonelo, sokuhlolwa kwezidumbu);
• ukwesekwa kokukhetha izinsiza ngelebula (elifana ne kubectl get .. -l);
• ikhono lokudala uhlu oluhlanganisiwe lwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsiza (ezifana ne kubectl get all) ukuthola isithombe esivamile sokusebenza phakathi kozakwethu (isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuphendula ngesigameko);
• ikhono lokwengeza izixhumanisi ezijulile ezihlakaniphile kwamanye amathuluzi afana namadeshibhodi, abagawuli bemithi, ukubhaliswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, njll. ukwenza lula ukuxazulula/ukuxazulula amaphutha kanye nokuphendula izehlakalo;
• Indawo engaphambili kufanele ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka (i-HTML emsulwa) ukugwema izinkinga ezingahleliwe, njenge-JavaScript eqandisiwe;
• ukusekelwa kwamaqoqo amaningi ukuze kube lula ukusebenzisana ngesikhathi sokubonisana okukude (isibonelo, ukukhumbula i-URL eyodwa kuphela);
• Uma kungenzeka, ukuhlaziywa kwesimo kufanele kwenziwe lula (isibonelo, ngezixhumanisi zokulanda izinsiza zawo wonke amaqoqo/izikhala zamagama);
• amathuba engeziwe okudala izixhumanisi ezivumelana nezimo nokugqamisa ulwazi lombhalo, isibonelo, ukuze ukwazi ukukhomba ozakwenu esigabeni esithile encazelweni yensiza (umugqa ku-YAML);
• ikhono lokwenza ngokwezifiso izidingo zeklayenti elithile, isibonelo, ukukuvumela ukuthi udale izifanekiso ezikhethekile zokubonisa zama-CRD, ukubukwa kwetafula lakho, futhi ushintshe izitayela ze-CSS;
• amathuluzi okuhlola okwengeziwe kulayini womyalo (isibonelo, ukubonisa imiyalo egcwele kubectl, isilungele ukukopishwa);

Ngale kwemisebenzi exazululiwe ku-Kubernetes Web View (okungeyona imigomo) kwasala:

• ukukhishwa kwezinto ze-Kubernetes;
• ukuphathwa kohlelo lokusebenza (isibonelo, ukuphathwa kokuthunyelwa, amashadi e-Helm, njll.);
• bhala imisebenzi (kumele yenziwe ngamathuluzi avikelekile e-CI/CD kanye/noma e-GitOps);
• isikhombikubona esihle (i-JavaScript, izingqikithi, njll.);
• ukubona ngeso lengqondo (bona kube-ops-view);
• ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko (bona kube-resource-report).

Ingabe i-Kubernetes Web View isiza kanjani ngokwesekwa kanye nempendulo yesigameko?

ukweseka

• Zonke izixhumanisi zingunaphakade, okwenza kube lula ukucobelelana ngolwazi nozakwethu.
• Ungadala imibono yakho, isibonelo, bonisa konke ukuthunyelwa kanye nama-Pods anelebula elithile kumaqoqo amabili akhethekile (amagama amaqoqo amaningana nezinhlobo zezinsiza zingacaciswa kusixhumanisi, zihlukaniswe ngokhefana).
• Ungabhekisela ku imigqa ethile kufayela le-YAML into, ekhombisa izinkinga ezingaba khona ekucacisweni kwento.

Sesha ngamaqoqo ku-Kubernetes Web View

Impendulo yesigameko

• Ukusesha komhlaba wonke (sesha lomhlaba) ikuvumela ukuthi useshe izinto kuwo wonke amaqoqo.
• Ukubuka Kohlu ingabonisa zonke izinto ngesimo/ikholomu ethile kuwo wonke amaqoqo (isibonelo, sidinga ukuthola wonke ama-pods anesimo esithi “Kulindile”).
• Uhlu lwezinto lungalandwa ngefomethi yenani elihlukaniswe ngamathebhu (TSV) ukuze kuhlaziywe kamuva.
• Izixhumanisi zangaphandle ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshele kumadeshibhodi ahlobene namanye amathuluzi.

I-Kubernetes Web View: uhlu lwama-pod anesimo esithi "Kusalindile" kuwo wonke amaqoqo

Uma ufuna ukuzama i-Kubernetes Web View, ngincoma ukuthi uhlole imibhalo noma ubheke bukhoma idemo.

Yebo, isixhumi esibonakalayo singaba ngcono, kodwa okwamanje i-Kubernetes Web View iyithuluzi “labasebenzisi abathuthukile” abangakuvimbi ukukhohlisa izindlela ze-URL uma kunesidingo. Uma unanoma yimiphi imibono/izengezo/iziphakamiso, sicela uxhumane nami kuTwitter!

Lesi sihloko siwumlando omfushane wesizinda oholele ekudalweni kwe-Kubernetes Web View. Okuningi kuzolandela! (Qaphela. transl.: Kufanele balindelwe ibhulogi yombhali.)

PSkusukela kumhumushi

Funda futhi kubhulogi yethu:

• «kubebox namanye amagobolondo e-Kubernetes";
• «Amathuluzi onjiniyela bezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza ku-Kubernetes";
• «Isisetshenziswa sekhonsoli ye-kubelive sivele ngomsebenzi osebenzisanayo ne-Kubernetes";
• «Izinsiza eziwusizo lapho usebenza ne-Kubernetes".

Source: www.habr.com